scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND TREATMENT COMPLIANCE IN CARDIOVASCULAR REHABILITATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Luis Martino ◽  
Juan Pablo Mora Penagos ◽  
Eduardo Oscar Audisio ◽  
Soraya Kerbage ◽  
Cristina Barrios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Cardiovascular Rehabilitation

Aim: Psychosocial factors have an impact in cardiovascular disease. It is postulated that psychosocial alterations might reduce treatment compliance among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, which leads to a worse prognosis of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between psychosocial factors and treatment compliance in CAD patients attending cardiovascular rehabilitation programs. Method:  A descriptive (correlational) and cross-sectional study was designed. The sample included 70 adult patients, both males and females, attending the cardiovascular rehabilitation program at Favaloro Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Four psychosocial instruments were administered for the assessment of anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck II depression inventory), anger (STAXI-II) and functional capacity (Duke Activity Scale). Treatment compliance was defined in terms of attendance to cardiovascular rehabilitation sessions. Results: Bivariate correlations revealed a positive association between the scores for anger control and treatment compliance, as well as a positive relationship between the scores for functional capacity and treatment compliance. Conclusions: Psychosocial alterations correspond to a worse treatment compliance in cardiovascular rehabilitation programs. It is advisable for health care professionals to consider the psychosocial status of CAD patients on admission to rehabilitation programs.

Abstract P115: Effect of an Environmental Intervention on the Nutrient Content of Food Served at Psychiatric Rehabilitation Centers: Results From the ACHIEVE Trial

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany F Ho ◽  
Joseph V Gennusa ◽  
Cheryl Anderson ◽  
Arlene Dalcin ◽  
Lawrence J Appel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Psychiatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Environmental Intervention ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs

Introduction: Institutions that serve on-site meals provide an unrealized opportunity to improve health on a broad scale, especially for underserved populations. Psychiatric rehabilitation programs commonly serve meals to adults with serious mental illness (SMI; schizophrenia and bipolar disorder), a population with a markedly increased prevalence of obesity and high risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. In the context of a behavioral weight-loss trial incorporating weight management counseling for persons with SMI, we delivered an environmental-level intervention, focused on the food environment. Hypothesis: We hypothesized the environmental intervention would reduce the overall calories served at the psychiatric rehabilitation program study sites. Methods: We partnered with kitchen supervisors to reduce calories and improve the nutritional quality of meals served at psychiatric rehabilitation programs. Intervention staff met with kitchen staff at the beginning and followed up quarterly to assess progress and to reinforce key nutritional messages. Environmental interventions included decreasing sugar sweetened beverages, increasing whole grains, and reducing saturated fat in meals. Breakfast and lunch menus were collected at baseline and 18 months after intervention. We calculated mean (SD) total energy and nutrient content of each meal. Results: Ten psychiatric rehabilitation programs participated. Eight sites served breakfast and all sites served lunch. Compared to baseline, average breakfast calories decreased significantly after 18-months from 568.4 to 457.1 (p=0.0048) and average lunch calories decreased from 729.4 to 623.8 (p<0.0001). Saturated fat in breakfast decreased by 1.9g (p=0.015) and 1.8g for lunch (p=0.0061). Total sugars at breakfast decreased from 53.3g to 40.1g (p=0.0008) and at lunch from 38.9g to 33.7g (p=0.004). Sodium was not significantly changed for breakfast (713.5mg to 557.3mg, p=0.148) but decreased by 412.4mg (1527.4mg to 1115.1mg, p=0.0008) for lunch. Conclusions: The environmental intervention implemented at psychiatric rehabilitation programs successfully reduced the amount of calories, saturated fat, sugars, and sodium served. This study suggests that modifying the food environment at psychiatric rehabilitation programs is feasible. Such programs can likely be applied to other institutions that serve on-site meals, and may be especially important in preventing cardiovascular disease in other underserved populations.

scholarly journals Role of Psychosocial Factors In Vicarious Traumatization: A Comparative Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Nazia Mustafa ◽  
Hina Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed at investigating the role of psychosocial factors such as, gender, marital status, profession, and personal history of trauma in vicarious traumatization (VT). METHODOLOGY: Cross sectional study was conducted at various hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad over the period of 6 months from January 2018 to June 2018. A sample of 170 healthcare professionals (doctors=39, psychiatrists=27, psychologists=36, nurses=30 and others=38) (men=67, women=103) was taken from various hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Data were collected by using the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. RESULTS: Results revealed significant differences have been found among various groups of healthcare professionals (doctors, psychiatrist, psychologists, nurses and others) in whom psychiatrists are the most vulnerable group for vicarious traumatization and psychologists are the least vulnerable group. Moreover, healthcare professionals who are married and have personal history of trauma are more vulnerable for vicarious traumatization as compared to those who are unmarried and without personal history of trauma. No significant gender differences have been found among health care professionals on vicarious traumatization. CONCLUSION: The findings of present research have emphasized that vicarious traumatization must be addressed and identified in a health setting.

scholarly journals A revisit at 16 years for individuals from peri-urban New Delhi for tobacco use and associated oral lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 2057178X1881866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Mehrotra ◽  
Suzanne Tanya Nethan ◽  
Priyanka Ravi ◽  
Shekhar Grover ◽  
Shashi Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status

Objectives: India has a high incidence of oral cancer due to multifarious tobacco use. The objective of this study was to assess the status of tobacco-related oral lesions over 16 years, in a screen-detected population. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved home visits of 2000 Delhi residents, previously screened for oral potentially malignant disorders/oral cancer and counseled for tobacco cessation. Their basic demographics and tobacco/alcohol history were noted followed by oral visual examination for any related mucosal abnormalities. The data thus obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: Two hundred and sixty-five individuals (13.2%) could be traced after 16 years. The status of oral lesions varied across the participants, mainly in terms of their location, type, number, and/or presence/absence; no oral malignancies were noted. Most individuals had either a decreased use (34%, p < 0.001) or had quit tobacco (25.7%, p < 0.001); 8.3% individuals from the former and 5.7% from the latter group showed complete lesion(s) regression. The overall change in the tobacco use and oral lesions showed a highly significant positive association ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: A direct relationship exists between tobacco use and oral lesions. Repeated, tobacco cessation counseling provided by health-care professionals is effective. Oral screening of high-risk individuals, along with tobacco cessation, is thus essential.

scholarly journals Cobalt Exposure in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease in the United States General Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Zhu ◽  
Shengen Liao ◽  
Xinyi Lu ◽  
Shi Shi ◽  
Dexing Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cobalt Exposure ◽  
Cubic Spline Curve

Abstract Cobalt exposure has adverse health effects on the cardiovascular system in occupational and laboratory studies, but these effects have not been assessed in the general population. We aimed to determine whether serum cobalt levels had relationship with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2015–2016), we performed the cross-sectional study. We analyzed the baseline chrematistics of 3,389 participants (1623 men and 1766 women). Generalized linear models and restricted cubic spline plots curve were undertaken to elucidate the relationship. Stratified subgroup analysis was tested to exclude interaction between different variates and cobalt. Our results showed that the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD prevalence across the quartiles of cobalt were 0.94 (0.68, 1.30), 1.58 (1.17, 2.13), and 1.84 (1.37, 2.48) compared with lowest quartile. The restricted cubic spline curve also suggested nonlinear and positive association between cobalt and CVD (P for nonlinearity = 0.005). In summary, our cross-sectional results verify that higher cobalt levels are associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in cardiovascular rehabilitation of post-myocardial infarction patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Mihai Roca ◽  
Magda Mitu ◽  
Radu-Sebastian Gavril ◽  
Maria-Magdalena Leon Constantin ◽  
Iulia-Cristina Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Post Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Rehabilitation ◽  
Coronary Events

Cardiovascular rehabilitation represents a very important measure in post myocardial infarction patients for both, improving their quality of life and preventing other acute cardiovascular events. It is important to accurately assess functional capacity of patients after acute coronary events, in order to optimize the results of cardiac rehabilitation program. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) represents the gold standard in functional capacity assessment. We present 3 clinical cases of post STEMI patients, with coronary revascularization interventions, addressed to cardiovascular rehabilitation. They underwent CPET evaluation at baseline and during rehabilitation program. This method proved important utility for individualization of cardiovascular rehabilitation program, as well as for monitoring the long term evolution after myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals NON-ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT AMONG SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rameshwar S Manhas ◽  
Angli Manhas ◽  
Rukhsana Akhter ◽  
Jagdish R Thappa ◽  
Gaurav S Manhas
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Background: One of the frequent problem in schizophrenic patients is non adherence to treatment which can be partial or complete7 and can leads to poor clinical outcomes. Non adherence to antipsychotic medications can lead to increased episodes of violent behavior, exacerbation of psychotic symptoms, increased rates of suicidal/homicidal behavior and resistance to drugs. Aims: To find prevalence of non adherence to treatment in schizophrenic patients. Materials & Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study which was conducted over a period of two months, on schizophrenic patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) of tertiary care hospital, Jammu. After meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, total of 131 patients were selected for the study. Various parameters like age, sex, education, marital status etc were collected. A patient is said to be non adherent if he takes less than 80% of prescribed medication or have gaps in medication of at least 7 days.  Results: 64.9% schizophrenic patients were non adherent to their treatment. Prevalence of non adherence was higher in those schizophrenic patients who were males, unmarried, uneducated, unemployed, from rural areas, below 20 years of age and belongs to lower socioeconomic status whereas it was low in those who had parents as their caretakers. Conclusion: In the present study it is concluded that the prevalence of non adherence among schizophrenic patients is high which may hamper treatment outcome, worsens the prognosis of the disease and produces excessive burden on the caretakers of these patients. Hence it is suggested that in addition to providing treatment to these patients, necessary initiatives must be taken by health care professionals to prevent relapses of symptoms by maintaining treatment compliance. Keywords: Non Adherence, Prevalence. Schizophrenia

Impact of a cardiovascular rehabilitation program on frailty indicators in elderly patients with heart disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Fonteles Ritt ◽  
F Matos E Oliveira ◽  
JV Santos Pereira Ramos ◽  
R Braga Linhares De Albuquerque ◽  
Q Borges De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cardiovascular Rehabilitation

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Hospital Cardio Pulmonar INTRODUCTION Frailty has been considered an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Rehabilitation (CVR) has a direct and unequivocal effect on improving functional capacity in patients with heart disease, however, the effect of CVR on frailty indicators has not yet been well established. PURPOSE: To evaluate the association of the CVR program with frailty indicators in elderly patients with heart disease referred to a cardiovascular rehabilitation program and to identify possible predictors of improvement in frailty in this population. METHODS: Retrospective cohort with patients over 65 years old referred to an CVR program in Salvador-BA, Brazil from August / 2017 to March / 2020. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) at baseline and at least 3 months after the start of the program. Student"s t and Chi-square tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively, logistic regression to analyze independent predictors of improvement in frailty and p &lt;0.05 adopted as statistically significant. RESULTS: 51 patients were included, with a mean age of 75 ± 6 years, 65% men, 39 (77%) with coronary artery disease, 23 (50%) with heart failure, 21 (41%) with diabetes, 34 (67%) with hypertension and 41 (80%) dyslipidemia. According to the American Heart Association (AHA) risk stratification for exercise, 21 (49%) were risk B and 22 (51%) risk C. Regarding functional capacity, 12 (31%) were class I, 21 (41%) class II, 5 (13%) class III and 1 (3%) class IV according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA). The average initial ejection fraction was 53 ± 16%. The mean time between the two assessments was 5 ± 2 months and the improvement observed in maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) was from 15 ± 4 to 16 ± 4 mL.Kg-1.min-1 (p = 0.001). Regarding frailty, there was an improvement from 5.4 ± 2.0 to 4.8 ± 1.9 in the average of the EFS score (p = 0.034), with 25 patients (49%) being considered responders. This group was predominantly formed by men, non-diabetics, using statins, at risk B (AHA) and with a higher score on the quality of life score and on the EFS. However, in the multivariate analysis, only the highest score on the EFS (OR 1.8 CI 95% 1.06-3.3; p &lt;0.05) and the lowest risk on the AHA scale (OR 0.18 CI 95% 0.03-0.97; p &lt;0.05) remained as independent predictors of response. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant improvement in the frailty of elderly patients referred for CVR, the higher the baseline frailty score, the greater the chance of response.

scholarly journals IPAQ-L and CPET Usefulness in a North-Eastern Romanian Population Undergoing Cardiac Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5483
Author(s):  
Andrei Manta ◽  
Elena Cojocaru ◽  
Maria Magdalena Leon-Constantin ◽  
Alexandra Maștaleru ◽  
Mihai Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiovascular Rehabilitation ◽  
Ergometer Exercise

(1) Background: Current guidelines emphasize the importance of regular moderate and/or high intensity aerobic exercises in cardiovascular disease prevention. Our study aimed to evaluate the utility of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long Form (IPAQ-L) for its physical activity (PA) quantification in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. (2) Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 110 patients aged between 34 and 69 years admitted to the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic. All patients underwent a clinical examination, blood tests, a cycle ergometer exercise stress test and individual assessment of their weekly PA level using the IPAQ-L. (3) Results: Obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes were highly prevalent in our study group but did not influence the IPAQ-L results. In terms of physical performance, moderate intensity was the most common level of intensity found in our study group. Regarding the data on the relationship between the IPAQ-L questionnaire and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters, vigorous PA was correlated with predicted maximal oxygen uptake (p = 0.025) and moderate PA, in addition to walking, were correlated with heart rate reserve (p = 0.005 and p = 0.009, respectively). (4) Conclusions: IPAQ-L can be used for the evaluation of individual PA levels within a cardiovascular rehabilitation program, but cannot substitute for the importance and utility of CPET.

Use of Vestibular Rehabilitation in the Pediatric Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1399-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Christy
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gaze Stabilization ◽  
Motor Delay ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Motor Practice ◽  
Balance Exercises

Purpose The purpose of this article was to provide a perspective on vestibular rehabilitation for children. Conclusion The developing child with vestibular dysfunction may present with a progressive gross motor delay, sensory disorganization for postural control, gaze instability, and poor perception of motion and verticality. It is important that vestibular-related impairments be identified early in infancy or childhood so that evidence-based interventions can be initiated. A focused and custom vestibular rehabilitation program can improve vestibular-related impairments, enabling participation. Depending on the child's age, diagnosis, severity, and quality of impairments, vestibular rehabilitation programs may consist of gaze stabilization exercises, static and dynamic balance exercises, gross motor practice, and/or habituation exercises. Exercises must be modified for children, done daily at home, and incorporated into the daily life situation.

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