scholarly journals IMPORT DEPENDENCE OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1(13) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Svitlana O. Ishchuk ◽  
◽  
Lyubomyr Yo. Sozanskyy ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
National Market ◽  
The Eu

As world experience shows, most countries at certain stages of development have implemented a policy of import substitution in order to protect certain sectors of their economy until they reach a sufficient level of competitiveness in the world market. The need for import substitution for Ukraine is due to the fact that this process is a catalyst for structural changes in the economy, a prerequisite for its innovation development, an incentive to increase business activity, as well as a basis for increasing the export potential of national commodity producers. The purpose of the article is to determine the level of import dependence of the Ukrainian economy on segments of consumption of processing industry products and substantiation of directions and mechanisms of realization of the state policy of import substitution. In this context, a comparative estimation of the dependence of the economy of Ukraine and the EU countries on imports of industrial products is made in the context of 16 manufacturing industries of the processing industry, classified according to the standards of the Eurostat. On the basis of the use of data of the "cost-issue" matrix, the share of imports in the total consumption of products of the processing industry in Ukraine, which reached 52.4% in 2016, while the average value of this indicator in the member states of the EU was 37.4%, has been determined. The highest dependence of the national economy on the import of products of mechanical engineering and chemical industry, that is, the key system-forming hightech industries, has been established. Based on the results of calculations and analytical assessments, the system of import substitution priorities in the national market of industrial goods in Ukraine has been developed and the basic directions of development of import substitution production have been outlined. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is to determine the structural and dynamic transformations in the intermediate and final consumption of industrial products (Ukrainian and imported), as well as gross accumulation of fixed capital in Ukraine. The proposed set of instruments of Науковий вісник Мукачівського державного університету, 2020 32 regulatory influence of the state (fiscal, organizational and trade policy instruments), aimed at reducing the degree of import dependence of the national economy, is of practical value. At the same time, the implementation of the state policy of import substitution requires exhaustive analytical assessments, first of all, the efficiency of investments in the organization of new or reconstruction of existing production, the products of which are capable of replacing imports in the national market. Key words: import dependence, general and intermediate consumption, gross accumulation of fixed capital, production of processing industry, production, import substitution.

CONCEPTUAL PROVISIONS OF THE STATE POLICY OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN THREATS AND DIGITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
Olga GARAFONOVA ◽  
◽  
Liydmyla POLISHCHUK ◽  
Liudmyla DYKHNYCH ◽  
Inna YASHCHENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Impact

The article focuses on the relevance of identification and typology of modern risks and threats to the economic security of Ukraine. According to the nature of modern risks and threats, they are classified as hybrid. The hybrid nature of modern threats to Ukraine’s economic security necessitates the application of new approaches to the formation and implementation of state policy to ensure the economic security of Ukraine’s national economy. It is shown that the economic security of the state is a complex dynamic system that requires constant monitoring and management of resilience to internal and external threats in order to ensure a positive impact on socio-economic development, improve macroeconomic development, ensure quality and necessary structural changes and institutional reforms. formation of the system of competitiveness of the national economy. Under such conditions, the general goal of state policy should be to improve Ukraine’s economic security system, ensure a higher level of its resistance to the impact of hybrid risks and threats, factors and conditions of globalization and the world order. The elements of the state policy of economic security of Ukraine are determined, namely – the initial conditions, the purpose of state policy, goals and principles of policy, directions of formation of the system of counteraction to security threats, financial-resource and organizational-managerial support. The practical significance of the research results is that the immaturity of the integral system of economic security of the state is identified, which is due to the imperfection of the institutional environment, the imbalance of its structure, the predominance of the role of informal institutions over formal ones. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the conceptual provisions of state policy to ensure the economic security of the state in the face of non-standard hybrid risks and threats.

scholarly journals Directions of the state policy for intensification of bank lending development in the context of overcoming financial imbalances and ensuring structural reforms in Ukraine’s economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Taras G. Vasyltsiv ◽  
Yaroslav M. Antonyuk ◽  
Yaroslav P. Berezivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The purpose of the article is to identify shortcomings and substantiate the directions of the state policy to intensify the development of bank lending in the context of overcoming financial imbalances and ensuring structural reform of the national economy of Ukraine. Methods. The research is based on general scientific methods and approaches, system approach, general logical research methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization and comparison), the method of strategic management. Results. The article shows the conceptual relationship between bank lending to the economy and economic growth along with a structural economic reform. The key indicators of volumes, structure and tendencies of bank lending development, as well as measures of distribution of bank lending to the economy are analysed. Conclusions concerning sufficiency of bank lending for its proper contribution to the development of the real sector of the national economy are made. The current research describes the shortcomings of the structure of Ukraine’s economy formed at the current stage of socio-economic development of the country, which, in fact, are systemic obstacles to the restoration of economic growth and modernization of the social sphere of Ukraine. Strategic directions and means of the state policy for bank lending development are identified. Their implementation is supposed to intensify the bank lending to the economy and the consumer sector, on the one hand, and provide a positive impact of these processes on intensifying structural changes in the national economy, on the other hand. The structural scheme of reforming the institutional and legal mechanism of the state policy for bank lending development in Ukraine has been developed. The expected structural changes in the system of the national economy are determined, on which the development of bank lending in Ukraine is focused. Practical contribution. The implementation of the proposed measures at the level of the National Bank of Ukraine and the Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine will stimulate banks, on the one hand, and businesses, on the other hand, to increase bank lending to the economy, in particular in those sectors having a positive effect on the key structural characteristics of the economy, such as development of strategic industries, de-shadowing, growth of innovation activity, the overall strengthening of the economic competitiveness. Prospects for further research. The obtained results are the basis for modelling and forecasting the implications for the state policy for intensification of bank lending and providing necessary structural changes in the national economy.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CURRENT SITUATION, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Shulha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Eu

The state and contradictions of the development of the agricultural sector of the national economy are investigated. Challenges at the micro-, macro- and global levels for the agricultural sector in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic have been identified. It is noted that the main problems for the domestic agricultural sector in a pandemic were: reducing the purchasing power of the population, limiting the functioning of agri-food markets during quarantine, complicating the logistics of agricultural products. It is established that changes in the markets of countries that are major importers of agricultural products from Ukraine (China, India, the EU, Turkey, Egypt) in a pandemic will have the greatest impact on the development of Ukraine’s agricultural sector. It is concluded that among all sectors of the national economy, agriculture is the least affected by quarantine restrictions. It is shown that small and medium-sized farms suffer the greatest losses in a pandemic. The tasks facing agricultural enterprises and the state in the conditions of a pandemic are determined. The strategic directions of agricultural policy in Ukraine are indicated.

scholarly journals Methods of Ukrainian labor migrants reintegration in the context of state migration policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Liubomyr ROMAN
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The reintegration of migrant workers is the renewal and accelerated development of ties between the individual and the society, the economic and cultural systems, the restoration of the impact of the individual on socio-economic, socio-cultural and political processes and phenomena, increasing participation in the processes of sustainable development on the basis of introducing elements of economic culture countries of pre-migration. The methodological bases for improving the mechanisms of reintegration of labor migrants should be assessed on the basis of available political and legal support. The problem of labor migration has now taken on a national scale, which brings it out of the limits of the influence of any organization, cluster or individual state authority. The formulation of a strategy for regulating labor migration should be made on the basis of the status of this problem as a national one, therefore, requiring macroeconomic regulation, which will be supported by a strong institutional and regulatory framework. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of state migration policy. Results. Theoretical aspects of reintegration of labor migrants are covered. The content analysis of the legal acts of the President of Ukraine is carried out. A number of significant legal acts that have or can have a significant impact on state migration policy are characterized. The peculiarities of the functioning of the central executive body, which implements the state policy in the sphere of migration, and the recent changes in determining the range of subjects of formation and implementation of the state policy in the sphere of labor migration are analyzed. The importance of regulating the issue of investments earned during the emigration of funds into the national economy is substantiated. Conclusion. According to the conducted research, the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of the state migration policy is formed under the influence of debates about the factors, directions and forms of support of the respective processes by the state authorities. We believe that the main disadvantage of reintegration institutional support is the lack of a unified approach to the role and importance of repatriates for the sustainable development of the national economy. In our opinion, this approach should be consolidated in the form of the Law of Ukraine with a clear definition of the subjects of assistance to repatriation and reintegration of labor migrants, as well as to strengthen with additional measures of informational, organizational character, tax privileges for investing the money earned abroad for search, development of employers of skilled migrant workers returning to Ukraine.

scholarly journals Formation and implementation of the State Policy in the sphere of European integration of Ukraine: problems and contradictions

2019 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Valerii Rieznikov
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
The State ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Administration System ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems and contradictions of the state policy in the sphere of European integration of Ukraine and to justify the ways of overcoming them in the current conditions. The main internal problem that hinders the European integration course of Ukraine, experts consider, first of all, inefficiency of the public administration system – insufficient level of competence of civil servants, excessive bureaucracy, unreformed and corrupt public administration system. The top five major internal problems also include: the situation in the Donbas (including both armed conflict and public sentiment), high levels of corruption in Ukrainian society, ineffective policy of informing the population about European integration, lack of consensus in the political and social issues. The opinion that aggression, pressure and all-out hindrance from Russia will be a major external challenge for Ukraine’s European course, is shared by all experts interviewed. Among the major external obstacles, experts also cite internal problems of the EU itself, opposition or waiting position on the part of some EU members who do not want to break their ties with Russia, as well as the lack of a unified position in the European Union regarding the European perspective of Ukraine and the EU enlargement in general. Experts consider that the most effective factor contributing to the increase of the support of European integration in Ukrainian society is the successful implementation of internal reforms and the positive effect of ordinary citizens on them. In today’s context, Ukraine’s accession to the EU remains a goal for which it is active in political, legal, economic and other spheres. Conclusions from this research and perspectives of future development in current area. At the present stage of social development the process of forming and implementing effective and effective state policy in the field of European integration is of particular importance. Ukraine’s accession to the EU is a long-term issue, which depends on both the effectiveness of internal reforms and the transformation processes in the EU. However, Ukraine already needs to insist on giving it a formal EU membership perspective.

scholarly journals State management of import dependency and state’s economic security ensuring: New analysis to evaluating and strategizing

Accounting ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 855-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Lupak ◽  
Ruslan Boiko ◽  
Marta Kunytska-Iliash ◽  
Taras Vasyltsiv
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
State Management ◽  
Method Of Principal Components ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
High Level

The need to improve public administration of import dependency was characterized (in the example of Ukraine) and the signs of its influence and interconnection with ensuring the state’s economic security are characterized. The methodological sequence of import dependency evaluation is substantiated. Using Hotelling’s method of transformation (the method of principal components), the multiplicative form is presented and the integral index of import dependency of the country’s economy is calculated. Harrington’s interval scale is used to summarize the results of the integral evaluation of import dependency. The results of the evaluation have confirmed the high level of import dependency of the Ukrainian economy and clear tendencies for its strengthening, which is critically threatening to the country’s economic security. Using the tool of multivariate dynamic regression modeling, a statistically significant correlation between the level of import dependency and the country’s economic security is established. The economic and mathematical descriptive model of state management of the state’s economic security is formed, which is embedded in a methodical approach to strategizing the state policy of import substitution. The purpose of the state management of import substitution, the parameters of ensuring the country’s economic security agreed with it, the strategic priorities of the state policy of import substitution and the indicators of their implementation are determined.

scholarly journals Influence of sanctions on foreign trade of Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Shirokova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
The Eu

After the countries of the EU and the USA introduced sanctions against the Russian Federation in 2014, the topic of influence on the state by other states or international organizations became the focus of attention of both Russian and foreign researchers. For Russian scientists, the topic of sanctions has acquired particular relevance, since they are at the epicenter of both the sanctions and the response measures that followed. The article presents the history of the development of measures of influence on the state by international organizations or other states, the history of studies of the effectiveness of sanctions measures in the entire history of their application is considered. Currently, theRussian Federationis under the sanctions imposed by theUnited Statesand the EU, which, in response to these measures, responded by introducing an import substitution policy. Considering the entire history of the gradual increase in the sanctions list, the state in the field of foreign trade should also detect increasing signs of pressure that would be reflected in indicators of incorporation into world trade. The author makes a hypothesis about the weak impact of sanctions on the state as a whole, and, in particular, on foreign trade. To confirm this hypothesis, the dynamics of the main indicators of foreign trade activity during 2013–2017 is considered. and a change in the commodity structure of exports and imports. The study is based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service, using methods of economic and statistical analysis and comparison of indicators, which allowed to show the degree of impact of sanctions on the main indicators of foreign economic activity. Following the consideration of official statistics, expert opinions on the implementation of planned indicators of the import substitution policy, it is possible to confirm the hypothesis of the weak effect of sanctions on foreign trade.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN THE ECONOMIC SPHERE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Andrii Holovach ◽  
Dmytro Pryputen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The purpose of the article is to analyse the current state of the economy, to consider the positive and negative tendencies that stand in the way of further economic growth, and to determine on this basis an effective strategy of economic development in the innovation sphere. The subject of scientific research is innovative approaches in the economic sphere. Methodology. Based on the scientific literature analysis of the current economic situation, strategic priorities and goals of economic development were determined, as well as the dialectical method, method of scientific abstraction, methods of system analysis were used. The results of the research showed that there are a number of key economic problems that slow down the development of the national economy for the implementation of international experience in the development of the national economy. At the same time, Ukraine is trying to overcome the negative trends of the economic crisis by carrying out reforms and adopting appropriate strategies for joining the EU. It has now been found that a complex structural transformation of the economy is needed in order to increase the specific gravity of the high-tech and innovative sectors. Practical implications. The complex analyses of the state and the determinant tendencies of economic development according to the threats and risks including the crisis processes in the modern world were carried out. Determination of the basic principles for formulating and implementing economic development strategy based on coordination of strategic priorities and strategic goals of the EU and the necessity to reform the economic sector in order to develop longterm economic spheres. Value/originality. The realized research revealed the state of development of the economic system, as well as further development of identifying perspective trends of the economy, was received.

scholarly journals Import substitution strategies in the global economy: lessons for Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
A. Sh. Subhonberdiev ◽  
A. N. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
The World

The world experience of implementation of import substitution strategy is being studied; reveals the essence of the main models; Identify those aspects that will prove useful in modern Russian conditions. The development of import-substituting industries according to the intra-oriented strategy is carried out in order to develop exclusively the domestic market of the country. From the point of view of the national economy, this strategy leads to the preservation of the backlog, primarily in the field of technological and scientific-technical cooperation and prevents the emergence of industries in the economy-locomotives that can ensure the world level of progress. The use of this model of import substitution has become a determining trend in the development of the so-called new industrial countries (NIS).The intra-oriented strategy of import substitution plays a stimulating role in creating a diversified national economy, expanding the production of important goods on its own. The conceptual basis for the implementation of this strategy was the theory of the peripheral economy, developed by a group of Latin American scientists headed by the Executive Secretary of the UN Economic Commission. According to this concept, the demand for products. The use of the designated model of import substitution has become a trend of development of the so-called new industrial countries of Latin America. Another option for the implementation of import substitution policy can be a strategy of foreign-oriented import substitution, which is characterized by the achievement of structural changes in the economy through the replacement of imported components and parts in export products. Implementation of import-substituting policy, according to this model, involves the development of production of national goods on a sufficiently large domestic market, followed by their promotion on the world market.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document