scholarly journals PHOTOPHYSICAL AND PHOTOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS WITH SEMICONDUCTORS FOR THE CONVERSION OF SOLAR ENERGY. A REVIEW

Anales AFA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
F. A. Filippin ◽  
◽  
H. J. Fasoli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Potential Drop ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Electrolytic Solution ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Solar Cell ◽  
Narrow Region ◽  
Semiconductor Electrode ◽  
Semiconductor Electrodes ◽  
Photochemical Systems

Electrochemical energy sources are an alternative to replace technology based on the burning of fossil fuels. In an elec-trochemical system the potential drop spreads over a very narrow region at an interphase, creating high electric fields.So, there are good technological reasons to study semiconductor / electrolyte interphases. Currently, one of the ways touse renewable resources is through photovoltaic technology that directly converts solar radiation into electrical energy.This technology is manufactured from semiconductors, generally silicon, following an extremely careful and expensivemanufacturing procedure. An option for photovoltaic devices is photoelectrochemical cells.These cells are made bythe contact of a semiconductor electrode with a solution, which can be easily prepared and offers the possibility oflow-cost manufacturing. Understanding how these devices work requires knowledge of the characteristics of semicon-ductors and how these materials behave in contact with an electrolytic solution and under illumination by sunlight. Thepresent work describes, through an updated review, the principles and applications of semiconductor electrodes as themain components in a photoelectrochemical solar cell (PEC), to carry out chemical reactions of technological interest.In addition, the elements that are required for the improvement in the performance and construction of the PEC are discussed.

The prioritization of renewable energy technologies in Pakistan: An urgent need

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-103
Author(s):  
Leezna Saleem ◽  
Imran Ahmad Siddiqui ◽  
Intikhab Ulfat
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Populous Country ◽  
Selection Of

Pakistan is the world's sixth most populous country, currently facing the worst energy crisis. Although rich in renewable resources, Pakistan's energy system relies mainly on fossil fuels and imported energy for its energy needs. This study aims to use an analytical hierarchy pro-cess to prioritize six renewable technologies for Pakistan, with four criteria and thirteen subcriteria. The results indicate that solar power is particularly well suited for Pakistan, as it gained 42% priority weightage in the final aggregation. Wind energy is ranked second with a priority weight of 24%, followed by hydro 13%, biomass 9%, ocean 8% and geothermal en-ergy 3%. Solar and wind energies accounted for nearly 66% of the total weightage. This result highlighted the significance of economic criteria for the selection of renewable technologies in Pakistan, with around 43% priority weightage. Environmental criteria gained 19% whereas socio-political criteria registered 14% and technical criteria 23% priority weightage. During the potential assessment of the research, it was concluded that although renewable resource development has not been allocated sufficient attention in Pakistan in the past, if the correct decisions are taken regarding the exploitation of these resources, this can remedy the country's hazardous dependence on fossil fuel and imported energy.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABILITY VALUE CHAIN IN BIOECONOMICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 614-618
Author(s):  
N. Penev ◽  
Y. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Cyclic System ◽  
Microbiological Processes ◽  
Sustainable Value ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Processed Products

The concept of bioeconomics covers all sectors of the economy, including agriculture, which supplies renewable resources: plants, animals, microorganisms and their processed products. The goal is a transition to an economy that is independent of fossil fuels and non-renewable resources. Agriculture and forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, as well as the conversion of biotechnological biomass and biological waste, are central to the multilateral new value chain. The processing industry uses renewable resources in various products, in particular, due to the industrial application of biotechnological and microbiological processes, especially in the chemical industry. This also applies to the food, woodworking, paper, construction, leather, and textile industries, as well as parts of the pharmaceutical and energy industries. Thus, the cyclic system and the storage of reusable waste are also included in the bioeconomic system. The aim of our study is to study the degree of development of sustainable value chains in bioeconomics.

scholarly journals The use of renewable resources is an opportunity and an obligation

2014 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Zoltán Balla
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Rational Utilization ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
Harmful Substances

The renewable energy sources could be used in energy production, while no or only very slightly emit harmful substances to the environment. The solar, wind, hydropower, biomass and heat rational utilization of land contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.Renewable energy sources also reduces the dependence on fossil fuels, thus contributing to increase security of supply. The creation of local jobs to strengthen the area's population retaining ability.

scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION BY COVERING THE LOADING CAPACITY OF TIPPING SEMI-TRAILER DESIGNED TO CARRY BULK MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-462
Author(s):  
František Synák ◽  
Vladimír Rievaj ◽  
Monika Kiktová ◽  
Tomasz Figlus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Global Pollution ◽  
The Impact

The amount of fossil fuels consumed has direct impact on global pollution and health status of the human population. An increasing amount of fuel consumed leads to the increase using of non-renewable resources of energy. This article deals with possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer. The introduction of this paper describes the impact the amount of fuel consumed on production of carbon dioxide. The ratio of driving resistances to fuel consumption is shown in the graph. In the second part of the article there is the methodology of the measurements. The measurements were conducted by driving test. The fuel consumption of tipping semi-trailer was measured during the driving with uncovered and covered loading capacity. The importance of this paper lies in the quantified the possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer designed to carry bulk materials.

Nanocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 6777-6799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasinath Ojha ◽  
Soumen Saha ◽  
Preeti Dagar ◽  
Ashok K. Ganguli
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
The Future ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

Hydrogen fuel is among the cleanest renewable resources and is the best alternative to fossil fuels for the future.

Transient 3D

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Karkoodi ◽  
Alireza Aslani ◽  
Maryam Talebi ◽  
Soheil Roumi ◽  
Abbas Abbassi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Warm Climate ◽  
Radiation Model ◽  
Absorber Material ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector

This article describes the limitations and the environmental effects of fossil fuels have provided the drive to create replacement strategies, such as the utilization of renewable energy resources. Solar energy and related technologies are also among fast-growing renewable resources and technologies. Despite different research on solar technologies, an extensive research on the effects of different parts of the collector, such as an absorber, glass cover, and the air gap has not conducted in the warm climate in the Middle East. This article focuses on an unsteady and three-dimensional simulation of a flat plate solar collector considering Discrete Transfer Radiation Model (DTRM). The parameters effecting on efficiency of collector such as the absorber material, tilt angle of the collector and effect of double glazing are analyzed. The result of the numerical analysis shows parameters effecting on collector efficiency, and double-glazed glass.

scholarly journals Vapor Pressures, Densities, and PC-SAFT Parameters for 11 Bio-compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Steven Baird ◽  
Petri Uusi-Kyyny ◽  
Juha-Pekka Pokki ◽  
Emilie Pedegert ◽  
Ville Alopaeus
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal

Abstract One major sustainable development goal is to produce chemicals and fuels from renewable resources, such as biomass, rather than from fossil fuels. A key part of this development is data on the properties of chemicals that appear in this bio-based supply chain. Many of the chemicals have yet to be studied thoroughly, and data on their properties is lacking. Here, we present new experimental data on the properties of 11 bio-compounds, along with PC-SAFT parameters for modeling their properties. The measured data includes vapor pressures, compressed densities, and refractive indexes. The 11 bio-compounds are tetrahydrofuran, 2-pentanone, furfural, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methylfuran, dihydrolevoglucosenone, cyclopentyl methyl ether, 2-sec-butylphenol, levoglucosenone, γ-valerolactone, and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol.

Analysis of Developing of Renewable Energy Sector in Europe and 2020 Targets

2015 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Shehret Tilvaldyev ◽  
Jorge Flores-Garay ◽  
Alfredo Villanueva Montellano ◽  
Delfino Cornejo Monroy ◽  
Alejandra Flores Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Nonrenewable Resources ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Power Generators

Minerals, coal, oil and gas are all examples of nonrenewable resources and most of these pollute the environment when used. Most alternatives to fossil fuels use renewable resources (resources that can be replenished rapidly by nature), which are usually pollute the environment less. There are many forms of alternative fuels that are being utilized today: classic solar, nuclear, wind, hydro, geothermal and Tidal power generators. Many efforts have been madeto develop the ways how to generate power from reusable sources of energy, that have enabled significant progress made towards of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing security of supply and improving competitiveness.The analysis of developing of Renewable Energy sector in Europe (EU-28) since 1970 and 2020 targets presented.

scholarly journals BIOFUELS AS PROMISING FUELS

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladan Mićić ◽  
Pero Dugić ◽  
Zoran Petrović ◽  
Milorad Tomić
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Technical Issues

The use of fossil fuels results in global warming and pollution. In comparison with fossil fuels biofuels represent an eco-friendly, biodegradable, sustainable, cost-competitive and promising alternative energy source. They contain high energy content and do not contribute to greenhouse effect. Therefore, using cheap or renewable resources as the feedstock for biofuels production has a great potential in terms of a major contribution to future energy supply. The production and use of biofuels is already well established and a further promotion of these fuels such as lipid biofuels (bioethanol, pure plant oils and biodiesel) and gas biofuels (biomethane, biohydrogen) mainly depends on non-technical issues, such as policies and cost–effectiveness. Biofuels will definitely stay for the foreseeable future and still can continue to provide the earth and the human population with a relatively clean source of energy with several benefits such as economic benefits of providing employment and health benefits of reduced carbon emissions, leading to cleaner air. With increasing sophistication of technology and intense research and development done, one can safely infer that biofuel will become more appealing and applicable for use on a globally commercial level. As such, biofuel is acknowledged as the Earth’s future energy source. Until a newer and cleaner energy source is discovered, scientists will definitely persist in researching and enhancing biofuels to make them more cost-effective, while still being environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Electricity market strategies applied to microgrid development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Carlos Ulises Cassiani ◽  
John Edwin Candelo Becerra ◽  
Fredy Edimer Hoyos
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Current System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Electrical Grids ◽  
Market Strategies ◽  
Great Development ◽  
The Way

<span>Over the last decade, the liberalization of the electricity market has been sought. In order to fight the environmental impact caused by the use of fossil fuels, it is aimed to change the current system of centralized generation and achieve a more distributed one; distributed resources can use renewable or non-renewable resources as main source of energy, one way to implement these distributed systems is through micro electrical grids, since these allow improving energy efficiency. The way to efficiently implement this type of network is an important point to be solved in future research and even more if the way of conducting an electricity market for different communities is unknown. That is why this text presents the characteristics of microgrids, the management of microgrids, and the wide and promising panorama of future opportunities for a great development of this type of grid.</span>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document