scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Vaccinated and Non-Vaccinated Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Madalina IORDACHE ◽  
◽  
Diana SECARA ◽  
Claudia MEHEDINTU ◽  
Marina ANTONOVICI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Protective Level ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Complicated Form ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antibody Levels

Pregnancy is a risk factor for developing a severe, complicated form of COVID-19. Medical reports have revealed that pregnancy increases three times the risk of ICU admission and 1.7 times the risk of death in patients with COVID-19. The crossing of the placenta by the antibodies generated through vaccination offer a level of protection that should not be ignored. We aimed to comparatively analyze the levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in pregnant women who have had this infection during pregnancy or have undergone a complete vaccination cycle during pregnancy, as well as antibody levels in newborns. The inclusion criterion was history of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy or COVID-19 complete vaccination. For each case the peri-partum values of IgG and IgM SARSCoV- 2 antibodies were analyzed in the same laboratory along with those of their newborns. The vaccination rate in our study group was about 6%. All cases had a significant value of protective IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the level of protective antibodies of the newborns closely followed maternal values. From the cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, only 16.6% had a protective level of antibodies and 75% of the newborns from these cases had protective levels of IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Our results clearly plead in favor of vaccination in pregnancy which provides significant benefits for both mothers and infants.

scholarly journals Antithyroid Antibody Status During Pregnancy

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
Shyamal Chandra Banik ◽  
Kamrunnahar Alo ◽  
Farjana Ahmed ◽  
Najmul Islam ◽  
Ferdous Towhid
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Antithyroid Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: Gradual alteration of antithyroid antibody level occurs during different trimesters of gestation. The study finds the type of alteration in Bangladeshi population. Objective: The present study was carried out to find out the alterations of antithyroid antibody levels during each trimester in normal pregnant women in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from July 2016 to June 2017. Total 90 apparently healthy pregnant women of different trimesters, age ranged from 20 to 35 years were selected as study group (Group I). Again according to gestational age, study group was subdivided into 1st trimester of gestation (Group Ia, n=30), 2nd trimester of gestation (Group Ib, n=30) and 3rd trimester of gestation (Group Ic, n=30) respectively for comparison. For assessment of antithyroid antibody status, serum TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab levels were measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). The statistical analysis was done by ANOVA test and Bonferroni test. Results: In this study, mean serum TPO-Ab level was significantly (p≤0.05, p<0.001) lower in 2nd and 3rd trimester in comparison to that of 1st trimester. On the other hand, mean serum Tg-Ab level was significantly (p<0.01, p<0.001) lower in 2nd and 3rd trimester in comparison to that of 1st trimester. Again, this value was significantly (p≤0.05) lower in 3rd trimester than that of 2nd trimester. Conclusion: Antithyroid antibody titre gradually decreases with the progression of trimesters of gestation. KYAMC Journal.2021;12(02): 98-100

Hypothyroidism In Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
MOHAMED S. A. EMARAH ◽  
MOHAMED A. EL-NAGGAR ◽  
ABEER EL SHABACY ◽  
SAHAR H. QUSHWA
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Children

Recurrent miscarriage, defined as loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies, occurs in 1–2% of couples attempting to bear children. The major causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) based on the literature include parental structural chromosome rearrangement, immunologic factors (i.e. antiphospholipid syndrome), thrombophilic factors (both inherited and acquired), anatomic factors of uterine anomalies, and endocrinologic disorders. Luteal phase defect, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease and hyperprolactinemia are among the endocrinologic disorders implicated in approximately 17% to 20% of RPL. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the general population of reproductive age is about 2-3%. The aim of this study is to observe the benefit of screening for hypothyroidism amongst women with recurrent spontaneous abortion early in the first trimester. The study included one hundred and sixty (160) women, in the reproductive age of life, where there ages ranged from 20 – 33 years, and divided into two groups. Study group which included eighty (80), non pregnant women with a history of two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions early in the first trimester, with no living children and control group which included eighty (80), non pregnant women having one or more living children without any history of abortion. Hypothyroidism was noted in ten (10) cases (12.5%) in the study group and noted in two (2) cases (2.5%) in the control group with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). The mean levels of TSH in the study group was 22.71  13.13 Iu/ml. Conclusion: Screening for hypothyroidism has clinical significance and would help to reduce miscarriage rate in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

scholarly journals Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Pregnant Women

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Dipok Kumar Sunyal ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Abeda Ahmed ◽  
Shameema Begum ◽  
M Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Predicted Values

In the present study peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were estimated in pregnant women during different trimester to observe the alteration in air flow rate during pregnancy. This study was carried out in the department of Physiology of Dhaka Medical College from July 2004 to June 2005. For this purpose, total 100 women with age ranged from 25 years to 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected and divided into 25 healthy non-pregnant women as control and 75 normal pregnant women as study group. Study group was further divided into 25 in first trimesters, 25 in second trimester and 25 in third trimesters of pregnancy. All the subjects belonged to lower socioeconomic class. The PEFR was estimated by using an automatic spirometer. The measured values and percentage of predicted values of PEFR were estimated during the 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimesters of pregnant women and non-pregnant women. Statistical analysis of data were done by un paired student's ‘t'test. The PEFR was significantly lower in both 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnant women than that of non-regnant women. Again the PEFR was significantly lower in 3rd trimester than that of 1st trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PEFR between the non-pregnant and 1st trimester; between the 1st trimester and 2nd trimeste; and between the 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester of pregnant women. It may be concluded that PEFR were progressively decreased throughout the pregnancy, most likely due to mechanical effects of progressively increased size of uterus that progressively decreases lung volumes and capacities. Key Words: Expiratory Flow Rate, Pregnancy, Uterus DOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.979 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 20-23.

scholarly journals Association of recurrent pregnancy loss and anticardiolipin antibodies: prevalence and prognosis of subsequent pregnancy in women with recurrent pregnancy loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Malathi Verabelly ◽  
Swapnarani Seedipally
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
History Of

Background: Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are found with increased prevalence in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss but their impact on future pregnancy is not clearly known. Therefore, present study objective was to compare the prevalence of ACA in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss and normal healthy pregnant women.Methods: This prospective observational study from 100 pregnant women attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were studied. Study included 50 pregnant women with a history of three or more consecutive unexplained pregnancy loss as a study group and 50 pregnant women with two or more live children with no history of any previous pregnancy loss as a control group. Exclusion criteria included cases with any uterine anomaly, uterine structural abnormalities, induced abortions, infections, systemic disease, Rh-ve pregnancy, coagulation disorders and personal or family history of thrombosis.Results: Overall, 9 patients tested positive for ACA, of which one (2%) patient was from the control group and remaining 8 (16%) were from study group. Overall, 42 (84%) patients had negative test for ACA in the study group and 49 (98%) patients in the control group. The live birth rate among study group was only 34 (68%) whereas all 50 (100%) pregnant women in the control group.Conclusions: The findings described here in demonstrate that, ACA -positive patients are also the primary predictor of adverse pregnancy outcome and obstetric complications. Therefore, the role of early detection of ACA in all pregnant women is very important to prevent foetal outcomes and obstetric complications. 

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS PECULIARITIES IN MEN UNDER 60 YEARS OLD WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASES

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Tupitsyn V.V. ◽  
Bataev Kh.M. ◽  
Men’shikova A.N. ◽  
Godina Z.N.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
History Of

Relevance. Information about the cardiovascular diseases risk factors (CVD RF) for in men with chronic lung inflam-matory pathology (CLID) is contradictory and requires clarification. Aim. To evaluate the peculiarities of CVD RF in men under 60 years of age with CLID in myocardial infarction (MI) to improve prevention. Material and methods. The study included men aged 19-60 years old with type I myocardial infarction. Patients are divided into two age-comparable groups: I - the study group, with CLID - 142 patients; II - control, without it - 424 patients. A comparative analysis of the frequency of observation of the main and additional cardiovascular risk fac-tors in groups was performed. Results. In patients of the study group, more often than in the control group we observed: hereditary burden of is-chemic heart disease (40.8 and 31.6%, respectively; p = 0.0461) and arterial hypertension (54.2 and 44.6%; p = 0.0461), frequent colds (24.6 and 12.0%; p = 0.0003), a history of extrasystoles (19.7 and 12.7%; p = 0.04); chronic foci of infections of internal organs (75.4 and 29.5%; p˂0.0001), non-ulcer lesions of the digestive system (26.1 and 14.6%; p = 0.007), smoking (95.1 and 66.3%; p˂0.0001), MI in winter (40.8 and 25.9%; p = 0.006). Less commonly were observed: oral cavity infections (9.2 and 23.6%; p˂0.0001); hypodynamia (74.5 and 82.5%; p = 0.0358), over-weight (44.4 and 55.2%; p = 0.0136), a subjective relationship between the worsening of the course of coronary heart disease and the season of the year (43.7 and 55.2%; p = 0.0173) and MI - in the autumn (14.1 and 21.9%; p = 0.006) period. Conclusions. The structure of CVD RF in men under 60 years of age with CLID with MI is characterized by the pre-dominance of smoking, non-ulcer pathology of the digestive system, frequent pro-student diseases, meteorological dependence, a history of cardiac arrhythmias and foci of internal organ infections. It is advisable to use the listed factors when planning preventive measures in such patients.

scholarly journals Mortality and high risk of major adverse events in patients with COVID-19 and history of cardiovascular disease

Open Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001526
Author(s):  
Elena Tessitore ◽  
David Carballo ◽  
Antoine Poncet ◽  
Nils Perrin ◽  
Cedric Follonier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveHistory of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may influence the prognosis of patients hospitalised for COVID-19. We investigated whether patients with previous CVD have increased risk of death and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) when hospitalised for COVID-19.MethodsWe included 839 patients with COVID-19 hospitalised at the University Hospitals of Geneva. Demographic characteristics, medical history, laboratory values, ECG at admission and medications at admission were collected based on electronic medical records. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality or MACE.ResultsMedian age was 67 years, 453 (54%) were males and 277 (33%) had history of CVD. In total, 152 (18%) died and 687 (82%) were discharged, including 72 (9%) who survived a MACE. Patients with previous CVD were more at risk of composite outcomes 141/277 (51%) compared with those without CVD 83/562 (15%) (OR=6.0 (95% CI 4.3 to 8.4), p<0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that history of CVD remained an independent risk factor of in-hospital death or MACE (OR=2.4; (95% CI 1.6 to 3.5)), as did age (OR for a 10-year increase=2.2 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.6)), male gender (OR=1.6 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.3)), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR=2.1 (95% CI 1.0 to 4.2)) and lung infiltration associated with COVID-19 at CT scan (OR=1.9 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.0)). History of CVD (OR=2.9 (95% CI 1.7 to 5)), age (OR=2.5 (95% CI 2.0 to 3.2)), male gender (OR=1.6 (95% CI 0.98 to 2.6)) and elevated C reactive protein (CRP) levels on admission (OR for a 10 mg/L increase=1.1 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.2)) were independent risk factors for mortality.ConclusionHistory of CVD is associated with higher in-hospital mortality and MACE in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Other factors associated with higher in-hospital mortality are older age, male sex and elevated CRP on admission.

scholarly journals High susceptibility to varicella among urban and rural pregnant women in South India: a brief report

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leeberk Raja Inbaraj ◽  
Sindhulina Chandrasingh ◽  
Nalini Arun Kumar ◽  
Jothi Suchitra ◽  
Abi Manesh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
South India ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Hospital

Abstract Varicella infection during pregnancy has serious and/or difficult implications and in some cases lethal outcome. Though epidemiological studies in developing countries reveal that a significant proportion of patients may remain susceptible during pregnancy, such an estimate of susceptible women is not known in India. We designed this study to study the prevalence and factors associated with susceptibility to varicella among rural and urban pregnant women in South India. We prospectively recruited 430 pregnant women and analysed their serum varicella IgG antibodies as surrogates for protection. We estimated seroprevalence, the validity of self-reported history of chickenpox and factors associated with varicella susceptibility. We found 23 (95% CI 19.1–27.3) of women were susceptible. Nearly a quarter (22.2%) of the susceptible women had a history of exposure to chickenpox anytime in the past or during the current pregnancy. Self-reported history of varicella had a positive predictive value of 82.4%. Negative history of chickenpox (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) 1.85, 95% CI 1.15–3.0) and receiving antenatal care from a rural secondary hospital (adjusted PR 4.08, 95% CI 2.1–7.65) were significantly associated with susceptibility. We conclude that high varicella susceptibility rates during pregnancy were noted and self-reported history of varicella may not be a reliable surrogate for protection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document