scholarly journals The Fall as a Worldwide Catastrophe and the Problem of Elaboration a Language for Its Description

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-79
Author(s):  
Михаил Андреевич Скворцов
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Rational Knowledge ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Fallen World

В статье основное внимание уделяется одной из ключевых проблем, находящейся на грани библейской и светских наук, - познание состояния мира до и после грехопадения. При описании последствий грехопадения были выработаны три подхода, имеющие своих характерных представителей: еп. Василия (Родзянко), считавшего, что между первозданным и падшим миром нет никаких корреляций; прот. Леонида Цыпина - катастрофа грехопадения не изменила кардинальным образом законы мироздания; диак. Николая Серебрякова - глобальная катастрофа грехопадения категорически сказалась на состоянии мира, однако полностью не уничтожила его преемственности с первозданным миром. Также уделяется внимание гносеологическому вопросу: может ли привести рациональное познание к Богу? The article focuses on one of the key problems on the verge of biblical and secular sciences - knowledge of the state of the World before and after the Fall. In describing the consequences of the Fall, three approaches have been developed that have their own characteristic representatives: bishop Basil (Rodzianko), who believed that there are no correlations between the primordial and the fallen World; archpriest Leonid Tsypin - the catastrophe of the Fall did not radically change the laws of the universe; deacon Nicholay Serebryakov - the global catastrophe of the Fall had a categorical effect on the state of the World, but did not completely destroy its continuity with the primordial World. Attention is also paid to the gnosiological question: could it be possible to bring rational knowledge to God?

scholarly journals About Distinction Between Conditions of the World Before and After the Fallin Works of Russian Theologians and Religious Thinkers XIX - Early XX Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-48
Author(s):  
Николай Серебряков
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Biblical Narrative ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Entire Universe ◽  
Entire Cosmos ◽  
The Universe

В статье рассматриваются мнения русских богословов и религиозных философов XIX - начала ХХ в. о характере и масштабах влияния грехопадения первых людей на состояние всего мира. Показано, что для русского богословия указанного периода характерно признание катастрофического влияния грехопадения по отношению ко всему мирозданию. Это влияние объясняется теснейшей связью человека со всем космосом. Однако эта очевидная богословская истина практически не была учтена в естественнонаучно-апологетической литературе этого периода при обсуждении проблемы соотнесения библейского повествования о творении мира и человека с научными данными. Более того, в начале ХХ в. появляются представления, что грехопадение в объективном плане никак не повлияло на состояние мира, а только изменило человека и его взгляд на мир. Лишь в русской религиозно-философской литературе начала ХХ в. идея о теснейшей связи человека и космоса нашла свой отклик, и на основании этой идеи была дана критическая оценка способности естественных наук проникнуть в мир до события грехопадения. The article describes the views of the Russian theologians and religious philosophers of XIX - early XX centuries about a character and scales of influence of the fall on a condition of the world. We show that the Russian theology of this period recognizes the catastrophic influence of the fall on the entire universe. This influence is due to the close connection of man with the entire cosmos. However, this obvious theological truth was practically ignored in the discussion of the problem of the correlation of the biblical narrative about the creation of the world and man and scientific data in the natural science and apologetic literature in this period. Moreover, at the beginning of the ХХ century there are ideas that the fall in objective terms did not affect the state of the world, but that it changed only the nature of a man and man's view of the world. Only in the Russian religious philosophical literature at the beginning of the XX century the idea about the closest connection of a man and the universe got the response. On the basis of this idea religious philosophers gave a critical assessment of the ability of sciences to get into the world prior to the fall.

scholarly journals Apologia Tăcerii Și A Căutării În Poemul Autoportret

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Andreea-Corina Batori
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe

AbstractLucian Blaga is popular among the Romanian writers for his beliefs in the power of the unknown and the unsaid-word, for his attention given to the notion of mystery and knowledge.The present paper focuses on two of the main elements that coordinate some of the poet’s lyrical writings: silence and the state of being in a continuous search for the initial harmonious relationship with the Universe by returning to the origins of the world, by regeneration and reconstruction. These ideas are emphasized in the poem titled Autoportret in which the soul of the individual find sit self in the these arch for beauty and nothingness, for the pure word which is able to reinforce the bond between the individual and the totality of the unharmed Universe.Using themes, motifs, symbols, myths, figures of speech and techniques of construction, Lucian Blaga succeeds in creating a representative poem for his last volume entitled Nebănuitele trepte, a poem characterized by expressiveness, depth and a strong wish to find by means of silence what the souls has been looking for since ever – purity, peace and harmony.

The Theology of Plato in Book X of the Laws: an Evolving Perspective

2018 ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Anastasios Ladikos
Keyword(s):  
Moral Character ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
False Beliefs ◽  
The World ◽  
Divine Judgment ◽  
Small Parts ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Rational Direction

This paper deals with Plato’s theology based mainly on Book X of the Laws. According to Plato, there are three false beliefs which are fatal to moral character, namely atheism, denial of the moral government of the world, and the belief that divine judgment can be bought off by prayers and offerings. Furthermore, legislation is an embodiment of the divine laws that govern the universe, and therefore it is the task of the legislator to see that every aspect of the state is directed to the inculcation of virtue. Human beings are seen as small parts of the universe and that the gods’ care for human affairs is seen as part of their care for the whole. Plato reinforces the argument that since the universe is under rational direction, one can be certain that what happens to humans after death will be appropriate to the character they have acquired in this life. The message is thus conveyed that people will in some way be rewarded or punished after death, without relying on the kind of mythical detail which the young atheist would obviously reject.

scholarly journals The ancient poet and philosopher in M. Arnold’s dramatic poem “Empedocles on Etna”

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
The Universe

„Empedocles on Etna”, called by Arnold „dramatic poem”, was not meant to be staged. In a work with three actors (Empedocles, his pupil Pausanias and the poet Callicles) there is almost no action, the predominant role is given to the monologues of the famous philosopher. The article analyzes the image of the main character of the poem. The state of the man of transition era in Ancient Greece, suffering from disappointments, doubts, loneliness, Arnold considered consonant with modernity. Lonely, disillusioned in the world Empedocles is contrasted in the poem with Callicles, who joyfully accepts life. Episodes of Ancient Greece mythology are interwoven into the text of the poem, contributing to the understanding of the image of Empedocles, the nature of the relationship between the characters. Empedocles’ monologues touch upon the problems relevant to the Victorian era, connected with the new attitude to the universe, to nature, to the problems of faith. Empedocles with his “congestion of the brain” is close to the author (according to Arnold himself). Thus, without deviating from the facts of the biography of the ancient poet and philosopher, Arnold, in essence, creates a portrait of his contemporary.

scholarly journals Vejen fra tvang til frihed i Grundtvigs liv og forfatterskab

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-55
Author(s):  
William Michelsen
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
The World ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Church

The Way from Force to Freedom in Grundtvig’s Life and WritingsBy William MichelsenAs it was shown by Kaj Thaning in Grundtvig Studies, 1981, Grundtvig, in 1825, made the discovery, new at the time, that the Christian church is older than The New Testament. He utilized the discovery to claim that the Apostolic Confession is the criterion of genuine Christianity, and the same year, in .The Rejoinder of the Church., he used it against H.N. Clausen, Professor of Theology, in an attempt to force him to lay down his office if he did not admit and apologize for his ‘scandalous teaching’. However, Grundtvig was charged instead, and, in 1826, received a sentence for libel of Clausen, and therefore resigned his office as a clergyman himself. Nonetheless, from 1832 to his death in 1872, Grundtvig became the most unswerving supporter of freedom in Danish spiritual life. The standpoint is clearly expressed in .Norse Mythology., 1832, and the same year Grundtvig was permitted to preach in the state church, from 1839 until his death as a vicar of Vartov Church. How can this change of attitude on Grundtvig’s part be explained?The assertion of the present article is that the apparently dramatic changes in Grundtvig’s attitude to freedom are consistent on a more fundamental level, partly depending on his religious development, partly on his concept of freedom which differed from the usual philosophical thinking of his time.Already before his birth, his parents had decided that Grundtvig was to become a clergyman, and in 1810, when his father demanded that he should make a personal application to the King for permission to be his father’s personal curate, he consequently felt force to submit, though it had always been his own wish to be a historian. So he saw himself as obliged through his ordination to defend genuine Christianity against any kind of Rationalist falsification - first on the basis of Luther scripturalism, and from 1825 on the basis of the Apostolic Confession. When H.N. Clausen did not lay down his office, Grundtvig had to lay down his.How then can it be explained that already in 1831 Grundtvig admitted that one must allow one’s opponent the same freedom to speak as one demands for oneself - the following year, even within the same state church. The explanation is to be found in Grundtvig’s experiences from his journeys to England, perhaps in particular from a conversation with Clara Bolton in 1830. More particularly the present article claims that his attitude rests on the assessment of John Wesley’s withdrawal from the state church, proposed by Grundtvig in his ‘Prospect of the World Chronicle’, 1817: it was not necessary because Wesley was not - like Luther – ‘excommunicated’ from the church, but only ‘excluded from the office of teaching’ - the same situation as Grundtvig felt he was in from 1826 to 1832.Grundtvig’s characteristic concept of freedom can be traced as far back as to 1814 (cf. Grundtvig Studies, 1986, pp. 8-9): Man is created with a will of his own, which may be either obedient or disobedient to the will of the Creator, and which is therefore free. Man, however, is not an independent being in the universe. Grundtvig was an opponent of the usual notion that the human personality is free by virtue of his reason.

Medicine and healing in the pre-Socratic thought. A brief analysis of magics and rationalism in ancient herbal therapy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Santacroce ◽  
Skender Topi ◽  
Kastriot Haxhirexha ◽  
Shkelqim Hidri ◽  
Ioannis Alexandros Charitos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Medical Culture ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Herbal Therapy ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Greek World

Background: Medicine has gone through many thought processes until it has arrived in our days. At the beginning, it was based on the religion, superstition and magic plants for therapy. This has been for many centuries until arrived a period of cultural development. This will happen in the Greek world and new theories about nature (physiokratia) and humans advance. From the various mythical traditions, we passed to understand the natural phenomena that surround the universe, thanks to the knowledge of the “hidden causes” by the philosophy. Methods: The contribution to Western medicine of the ancient Greeks was the development of a rational system of thought that was transmitted in medical culture. This attempt to interpret was called philosophy. Hippocrates, with the arrival of the pre-Socratics, changes the old method of approach to the sick and the sick itself. So, he changed the approach to medicine and healing, influencing the therapy of other ancient popular cultures before and after the arrival of the preSocratics. We have researched ancient texts to determine the common roots between myth and therapy and religious separation from other medical cultures before Hippocrates. Results: This study is focused, particularly, on the period from the age before and during the world of pre-Socratic thought, showing that there are many similarities in the approach of therapy of various diseases. The ancient Greeks were influenced by the other civilizations on therapy, especially with plants with a different mythological view. Despite rationalism, remained the supernatural beliefs while the use of herbs does not remain in the magic myth. The first detachment of the magical therapy will happen later with the father of medicine, Hippocrates. Conclusion: The ancient Greeks invented rationalist doctrine for the medicine. The birth of the philosophy, crossing many stages, influenced the therapy models, especially with the medicinal herbs.

Chinese Religion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Chinese Religion ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Shang Dynasty ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
The World ◽  
Zhou Dynasty ◽  
Jesuit Missionaries ◽  
The Universe

The first religion proper is that of ancient China. Hegel’s analysis, while mentioning Taoism and Confucianism, seems primarily to be concerned with the state religion that was introduced by the Zhou Dynasty, which ruled ancient China from 1045 BC to 256 BC. The Zhou defeated the Shang Dynasty and instituted a number of religious reforms. They introduced the idea of an impersonal deity named Tian, which represents a universal force of nature or the universe. In an effort to claim a special divine mandate for their dynasty, the Zhou conceived the emperor as having a unique relation to this deity, which had entrusted him with ruling the world. The emperor is thus regarded as the “Son of Heaven.” Chapter 3 explores Hegel’s critical analysis of this religion and his numerous sources of information about it, which for the most part come from Jesuit missionaries.

scholarly journals Liberdade e igualdade para as mulheres na perspectiva da anarquista Emma Goldman

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Andrea Da Conceição
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Free Love ◽  
The World ◽  
Emma Goldman ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Church

O presente artigo tem como finalidade apresentar alguns aspectos de uma investigação acerca do percurso político intelectual da anarquista Emma Goldman (1860- 1940), centrando a reflexão, em especial, no pensamento goldminiano sobre o universo de dominação em que a mulher estava inserida, destacando seus principais algozes: o Estado e a Igreja. De fato, é inegável que a trajetória vivenciada pela anarquista influenciou sua forma de ver e escrever sobre o mundo, principalmente a sua defesa da emancipação feminina a partir da quebra de pressupostos morais, de modo a possibilitar que a mulher conseguisse sua liberdade a partir de um processo de tomada de consciência. Nesse percurso, a emancipação sexual e intelectual, bem como o amor livre e a maternidade voluntária, emergiam como valores positivos a serem adotados.Palavras-chave: Anarquismo; liberdade; emancipação feminina. AbstractThis paper presents some aspects of an investigation about the intellectual political trajectory of the anarchist Emma Goldman (1860-1940), focusing the reflection, in particular, on Goldminian though on the universe of domination in which the woman was inserted, highlighting its main executioners: the State and the Church. It is undeniable that the trajectory experienced by the anarchist influenced her way of seeing and writing about the world, especially her defense of female emancipation through the breaking of moral assumptions, to enable women to achieve her freedom from a process of becoming aware. Along this path, sexual and intellectual emancipation, as well as free love and voluntary motherhood, emerged as positive values to be adopted.Keywords: Anarchism; freendom; female emancipation.

Comparison of the State of Sleep in Patients with Sleep-disordered Breathing Before and After Surgical Treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 123 (0) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Munenori Hayakawa ◽  
Tadao Nishimura ◽  
Kenji Suzuki ◽  
Natsuki Morishima ◽  
Nobuhiro Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
The State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Perbedaan Pengetahuan Siswa Tentang Penyakit Hepatitis A Sebelum Dan Sesudah Penyuluhan Di MTsN 02 Bondowoso Tahun 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Putri Megasari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paired T Test

Hepatitis has become a health problem in the world. The hepatitis virus infected many people. According to the teacher of MTsN 02 Bondowoso more than 20 students have hepatitis A viral infection. The purpose of this research was to know the differences of students' knowledge about hepatitis A before and after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015. This study used pre-experimental (pre-post test design). This study used stratified random sampling technique, 127 students from 270 sample involved this research,and 143 students was excluded. We used questionnaires to collect data. The results showed that the mean value of the students 'knowledge about hepatitis A before counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015 was 83.96 with the lowest value of 37.5 and the highest value was 100. The mean value of the students' knowledge about hepatitis A after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015 was 93.21 with the lowest value waf 62.5 and the highest value was 100. Paired t test showed that t (-9.07) > t table (1.98), the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. There was a difference between students' knowledge about hepatitis A before and after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015. This study showed that routine counseling by healthcare provider was important to prevent hepatitis A infection.; Keywords: counseling, knowledge of students, hepatitis

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