scholarly journals THE MODERN PARADIGM OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT AS AN INSTRUMENT OF STATE REGULATION OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Author(s):  
Oksana Gryshkevych ◽  
Galуna Rуzhakova

The conceptual paradigm of the work is that the modernization of the regulatory policy of the state strengthens the relationship and interdependence between the structure of the economy and the institutional basis, the quality of institutions. In these conditions, public investment management becomes a necessary condition and general goal of socio-economic development. That is, structural changes supported by public investment management institutions ensure economic growth, and their implementation is regulated by the criteria for ensuring the economic security of the state. It is proved that the management of public investments is a multifaceted category that reflects socio-economic phenomena and is considered as the motive and goal of the macrosystem functioning; the level of autonomy (independence) of the state of the economy, at which the achievement of the aggregate vector of interests of the structural elements of the macrosystem is ensured; a qualitative characteristic of the economic system, which makes it possible to assess its viability in the face of transformational changes. The study of the structure of the economy, the direction of its progressive changes are still based on sectoral technological and economic aspects without taking into account the strategic prospects and security of the development of the socio-economic macrosystem of the state. The imperfection of the institutional support of structural adjustment makes it impossible to strategically program structural changes as an integral component of structural policy. In general, in the context of radical structural and institutional transformations, the role of the public investment management system is significantly increasing. The applied set of threshold values of public investment management indicators as imperatives for the functioning of the economy at the meso level of the hierarchy should be complemented by a methodology for their determination and substantiation of effective measures and methods for their provision. The study of the problems of public investment management is associated with the development of theoretical foundations and the definition of economic and institutional aspects of public investment management in the context of updating the levers of state regulatory policy, in particular, in the context of participation in the processes of global economic integration.

Author(s):  
О. Aleksandrova ◽  
М. Kosych ◽  
Т. Kurman

Abstract. At the current stage of social and economic development the issues of the national security and its public and legal regulation, both externally and internally, are becoming more urgent. The national security supports the very existence and development of man, society and state. And the balanced state policy as well as the efficient legal regulation plays an important role in this process. The fundamental principles of the legal and regulatory environment in Ukraine are defined by the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine on National Security, and other legal-regulatory and international acts. And the most significant component of the national security is the economic security influencing all life spheres of a person and the whole society. The economic security is the basis of economically effective state and a necessary condition for its sustainable development. The economic security is provided at the national and international levels. At present the economic security is primarily defined by internal threats, such as uneven economic development of some territories, decline in certain industries, low living standards, etc. The analysis of the social and economic state of Ukraine clearly demonstrates that reasons for threats to the economic security of the country are of a regional nature. The appropriate level of security can be maintained by a complex system of measures aimed at improving macroeconomic performance of the country, which positively influences the local social and economic systems. An appropriate level of the economic security can be reached by implementing a system of organizational and legal measures, including economic, legal, organizational and managerial, which are enforced by competent authorities and local governments by means of various forms and methods of the state legal regulation in order to ensure rights of man and citizen, improve the living standards, and achieve sustainable development of the state. Keywords: economic security, national security, public and legal regulation, food safety, sustainable development. JEL Classification F52 Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 19.


Author(s):  
Эльмира Годжаева ◽  
Айшан Асланова

Formulation of the problem. Economic safety is a conception which estimates the modern state of national economy. Therefore, economic safety depends on the level of economic development. The purpose of the research analyze еconomic security, which protects national interests, implements the development of the national economy and supports its adaptation to the economic interests of state bodies. The object of the research is the process of modeling of economic security is a concept that assesses the current state of the national economy. The hypothesis of the research is the dynamics of the socio-economic development of the state is one of the conditions ensuring its economic security. The methods of the research – analysis, synthesis, scientific generalization, systems approach. The statement of basic materials. Along with the protection of the country's national interests, economic security is the readiness of state bodies to ensure the real development of the country's economy in accordance with national interests and the socio-economic stability of society. The dynamism of the country's socio-economic development is a necessary condition for ensuring its economic security. There are a number of tasks that determine economic security, one of them is the assessment of its geopolitical state and the protection of the national interests of the state. All this is analyzed in detail in the article on the example of Azerbaijan. The originality and practical significance of the research. In the Azerbaijani context, various issues determined by economic security, assessment of the geopolitical state and national interests are also analyzed. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. Consequently, economic security depends on the level of economic development. Economic security protects national interests, realizes the development of the national economy and supports its adaptation to the economic interests of state bodies.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
N. P. Molchanova

The paper deals with the methodology and practice of the state regulation of the regional economy based on the legislative framework and works of Russian scientists in the historical context with account for the specifics of the current period of market transformation. The subject of research is organizational and economic relations, aimed at improving the management efficiency of regional socio-economic development. The purpose of research was to identify the key problems of the regional economy regulation preventing the balanced functioning of administrative-territorial entities and substantiate the need to boost measures of state support. Based on the dialectical cognition method and the system approach, the positions of leading scientists and scientific schools on topical issues of the regional economy as a scientific discipline were analyzed, which made it possible to identify the main reasons hampering socio-economic transformations and justify measures for running a more active regional policy. It is concluded that consistent improvement of methodological and organizational approaches creates prerequisites for improving the results of the socio-economic development at the regional level; however, in the current situation of the macroeconomic instability serious problems may arise to be resolved primarily by the state regulation.


Author(s):  
Mónica B. Rotman

Esbozamos en este trabajo algunas consideraciones respecto de las relaciones entre la globalización y el tema artesanal, así como analizamos de que manera se expresa en el universo de las artesanías la dicotomía globallocal. La etapa actual de globalización se ha traducido en nuestro país en procesos de ajuste estructural; éstos suponen la reducción de los ámbitos de incumbencia pública, la retracción del estado, políticas de privatizaciones y aperturas de fronteras. La pauperización del país afecta más fuertemente a los sectores productivos más débiles. La modalidad productiva de los artesanos y sus condiciones de inserción en el mercado los hace sumamente vulnerables a los cambios estructurales que se producen en la actualidad. La producción artesanal, frecuentemente considerada como una expresión privilegiada de ‘lo local’ constituye un interesante fenómeno económico-cultural desde donde pensar las cuestiones planteadas. Abstract This article offers some considerations regarding the relationships between the phenomena of globalization and craftsmanship, analyzing the way the latter universe expresses the global-local dichotomy. The current stage of globalization has been translated in Argentina in processes of structural adjustment, which implied the reduction of the environments of public incumbency, the retraction of the state, privatization policies, and so on. This pauperization of the country affects the productive sectors. The productive modality of the artisans and the specific conditions they participate in the market turn them extremely vulnerable to the structural changes that take place at the present time. The production of craftsmen, frequently considered a privileged expression of the “local””, constitutes an interesting economic-cultural phenomenon from where to think the outlined questions.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Salamin ◽  

Problems of state regulation of agriculture in Ukraine are analyzed. It is shown that all problems will be solved automatically in the initial stages of agricultural reform on a market basis. It was believed that market levers operate automatically. Without the established agricultural market and its infrastructure, the liberalization of economic activity has only exacerbated the problems. In the following periods, regulatory acts were aimed at solving certain problems without defining strategic goals for agricultural development. The efforts of state agricultural management bodies are aimed at bringing regulatory policy closer to the model used in the European Union. Similar approaches are often copied without regard for the state of agriculture in Ukraine and the level of market relations. A feature of agriculture in Ukraine is the inadequate level of infrastructure of the agricultural market. Because of this, prices for agricultural products are not generated by the market, but they are formed under the monopoly influence of certain structures. Prices are very variable. It is very difficult for manufacturers to adapt to such prices. In such conditions, especially large business entities are developing rapidly. Their activities are aimed at bringing products to foreign markets where prices are more stable. State farm support programs do not provide the necessary results. There are not natural processes of transformation personal farms into commodity farms. It is proposed that the state regulatory policy can be aimed at creating self-regulatory economic systems in which prices would be formed to all participants in market relations without direct state influence. It is acceptable to organize product processing and branded trade in sales cooperatives. The need to expand the functions of wholesale markets for agricultural products is substantiated. It is expedient to direct the funds of state support for wholesale markets for agricultural products to establish branches of these markets. They would provide transport services to small producers, store products, at the direction of the owners, organize auctions. This will ensure the overcoming of isolation from market relations of small businesses, their production of competitive products.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Medvedkina ◽  
◽  
Tamara Ishchenko ◽  

The problem of ensuring the economic security of the state is quite urgent. This study examines theoretical approaches to defining this definition, as well as the structural elements of the concept of economic security. The aim of the study is to identify the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the economic security of the state and the development of strategic directions for ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation in the face of modern global challenges. The stages for assessing the level of economic security of the state are determined. Based on the existing methods for assessing the economic security of the state, a methodological approach to this assessment is proposed, taking into account the totality of macroindicators, industry, financial and social indicators. The calculation of the indicators of the economic security of the Russian Federation showed that the indicators do not go beyond the threshold values. The results of constructing an econometric model made it possible to determine the indicators of national economic security that have the most significant impact on the level of economic development of the state, as well as to identify internal and external threats to the Russian Federation. Thus, we can conclude that the economic security of the state can be represented as the state of protection of the national economy from external and internal threats, which ensures the progressive development of society, its economic and socio-political stability, despite the presence of unfavorable external and internal factors; ensuring national economic security and neutralizing all possible threats is the fundamental task of the state government. The level of economic development of the country as a whole and the quality of life of its citizens depend on the success and effectiveness of countermeasures.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Nataliia Zachosova ◽  
Nataliia Babina

In the conditions of the financial system destabilization in Ukraine, caused by such negative phenomenaas military actions in the East, the economic downturn, political and financial crises, population disappointment inthe institution of power and loss of the people’s confidence in power structures and so on, market mechanisms arenot able to ensure the restoration of the national financial market and to encourage its professional participantsto use mechanisms of protection their own assets and the assets of their clients from external and internal threatsactively. State interference in the functioning of financial institutions is necessary, especially for those of their types,whose bankruptcy may have fatal consequences for the welfare of the population and cause the liquidation ofeconomic entities of the domestic economy. Among them are: banks, insurance companies, credit unions, andother institutions of credit co-operation, investment companies, in particular, joint investment institutions (unit andcorporate investment funds), non-state pension funds, leasing, factoring, and other financial companies, pawns,etc. Therefore, it is expedient to consider the possibility of the influence of state regulators in financial servicesmarkets on the state of their participants’ economic security. However, the study of the realities of the financialmarket of Ukraine development has made it possible to assert that for a number of financial institutions, the conceptof economic security is something abstract, and the understanding by their top management the importanceof economic security management, taking into account the negative market trends, is completely absent.So, the purpose of this study is to diagnose the level of financial institutions preparedness for the implementationof economic security management into their common system of management. The high level of financial marketparticipants’ readiness for safe-oriented management will allow regulators to rapidly implement in their practicea list of recommendations that will minimize the threat of bankruptcy and liquidation of domestic financialinstitutions. Methodology. In the process of preparing a scientific article, a great number of literary sources wasconsidered. Some of them were developed using the method of theoretical generalization and the monographicmethod. The theoretical results presented in the research materials were obtained on the basis of the study ofworks of such scientists as Amadae S. M., Baily M. N., Elliott D. J., Ismail Z., Johnson K. N., Mirtchev A., Nelson J. A.,Raczkowski K., Schneider F., Sidek Z. M., Ula M., Whalen C. J., Wierzbicka E., Yong J. To confirm the reliability of thescientific results presented in the article, the authors used the Delphi method and expert evaluation. The list ofindicators for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness for the implementation of a mechanism formanaging economic security in the following five areas is formed. These areas are: the availability and conditionof the economic security system, the state of information and analytical support for the adoption of managementdecisions in the field of economic security, the state of intellectual and personnel management provision ofeconomic security, reserves of financial support of economic security, the level of external influence on the stateof economic security (state regulation and supervision). In May 2018, representatives of the top management ofvarious types of financial institutions, scientists, researchers, and analysts who were interested in the issues ofeconomic security management of the financial sector were interviewed. Their answers were analysed and the levelof readiness for managing the economic security of the most common types of financial institutions in the financialmarket of Ukraine was determined. Using the graphical method, the obtained scientific results are presented ina convenient and understandable form for the perception of all interested persons. Results of the survey. The necessityof carrying out diagnostics of the readiness to manage economic security at the level of state regulatory bodies andat the level of top management of financial institutions in the near future is substantiated. A large-scale analytical work was carried out on determining the parameters of financial institutions readiness for the continuous and professional economic security management, which should be carried out with the use of a systematic approach. Based on expert opinions, a preliminary assessment of the various types of financial intermediaries’ readiness to integrate security-oriented management into the financial institutions’ common management system was made. Practical implications. The proposed methodological approach for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness to manage their own economic security should be used by the state regulators of the financial market, in particular, by the National Bank of Ukraine and the National Commission, which performs state regulation in the field of financial services markets, to monitor the activities of professional financial market participants in order to conduct advisory and consultative work with their owners and managers, as well as for the development of strategic guidelines for the provision of the state financial security. It is desirable to implement into the practical activities of financial intermediaries our proposals for increasing the readiness for implementation of the economic security management mechanism in the existing systems of management. Value/originality. For the first time, a scoring methodology was prepared for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness for the implementation of economic security management as an independent direction of management, and not as one of the tasks of other types of their management activity. At the theoretical level, the substantive interpretation of the notion of the readiness of financial institutions to manage their own economic security is proposed. The reasons for the impossibility of the modern financial institutions to manage their own economic security effectively are identified, and a few suggestions to minimize their number in the near future were made.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
V. V. Akberdina ◽  
O. P. Smirnova

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to form a high-quality concept of a system for management and forecasting of the socio-economic development of the sectoral and inter-sectoral complex of a region. The subject of the research is the methods for forecasting the economic security under conditions of uncertainty. The purpose of the research was to consider and evaluate a model of dynamic integration of economic security for a regional inter-sectoral complex under uncertainty conditions based on the institutional approach principles. The paper analyzes the vectors of structural changes in the regional inter-sectoral complex that includes the mining, manufacturing and construction industries. A methodology for predicting the impact of the digital economy on the economic security of the regional inter-sectoral complex is considered. A new model of forecasting the economic security of the above-mentioned complex was built to be used as a tool for regulating the socio-economic development at the regional level. A set of key conditions for the development of an institutional mechanism to ensure the economic security of the region in terms of its sustainable operation and withstanding internal and external threats and risks were formed. In turn, the institutional concept of the economic security mechanism involves constant selection, analysis and evaluation of judgments about the economic security of a region, country or economic entity. This task is achieved by comparing the numerous characteristics of economic activity. The paper concludes that the proposed method of forecasting using econometric models makes it possible to assess the economic security of a regional inter-sectoral complex and timely respond to negative performance indicators.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1569-1575
Author(s):  
V.Y. Gusarova ◽  
◽  
G.R. Murtazina ◽  

In modern conditions, ensuring the security of economic systems is interconnected with the categories “sustainability” and “development”. Sustainability of an economic system reflects the reliability and strength of its constituent elements, the efficiency and inviolability of horizontal and vertical links within the system itself. Development is one of economic security components, since the lack of development significantly reduces the ability to resist and adapt to internal and external threats. The security of the national economic system is considered as the ability to survive and develop steadily in the conditions of turbulence and the influence of hard-to-predict factors. The success of economic development is largely determined by significant structural changes based on innovation. Consequently, dynamic innovative development must have an adequate innovative structure. “Innovatization” as an economic category is a process of accumulation, preservation, use and development of the innovative potential of the economic system’s acting entities. The economic theory of economic systems’ innovatization is one of the demanded economic paradigms of our time for most developed and developing countries of the world, including Russia. This is due to the decisive role of innovations in the development of economic systems and, as a result, this is as a source and one of the criterion indicators of economic security. The authors, using the holistic approach and the method of structural-logical decomposition in the study, revealed the content and forms of innovatization in economic development structures as a basis for ensuring economic security.


2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
M. S. Syupova ◽  

The article is devoted to the problems of socio-economic differentiation of municipalities, the excessive manifestation of which forms a threat to the integrity of the socio-economic and territorial space of the region. In order to avoid crisis manifestations of intraregional inequality, it is necessary to constantly monitor the state and trends of socio-economic development of the territories, which will ensure the timely elimination of growing imbalances. To this end, the article proposes a methodological approach to assessing the level of differentiation of socio-economic development of municipalities in the region, which determines the stage of unevenness and analyzes the nature of changes in the processes of interterritorial inequality in the region. The proposed methodology provides for an assessment of the depth and scale of territorial differentiation by individual indicators, which allows us to identify the «pain points» of the socio-economic development of the region. To assess the overall level of socio-economic differentiation, an integral indicator is calculated that reflects the degree of deviation of the main parameters of the municipality from the regional average. Based on the results obtained, the territories are grouped according to the degree of differentiation, which makes it possible to justify the choice of measures and tools of regulatory influence on the development of individual municipalities by regional authorities. The methodology was tested on the example of the municipal districts of the Khabarovsk Territory. The study showed that the territories of the region are characterized by a critical level of the gap in the state of their socio-economic parameters, which is constantly growing. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the executive authorities of the region.


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