scholarly journals Pengalaman Klien dengan Kesurupan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Wigyo Susanto ◽  
Dian Oktaviana

Banyak diberitakan oleh  media masatentang munculnya kasus kesurupan masal atau yang sering dikenal dengan mass dissociative trance disorder, kasus tersebut kerap sekali terjadi pada siswa dan siswi yang sedang mengenyam pendidikan ditingkat SD, SLTP, SLTA, bahkan sampai tingkat Perguruan Tinggi. Munculnya fenomena tersebut tentunya menjadi pertanyaan besar bagi masyarakat luas dan lebih khusus lagi bagi para akademisi, mengapa fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi?, apa yang mereka rasakan sehingga bisa mengalami kesurupan?. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap fenomena kesurupan secara mendalam dengan uangkapan langsung dari individu yang pernah mengalami kesurupan di Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang melalui studi fenomenologi deskriptif, untuk mendapatkan gambaran bagaimana pengalaman seseorang yang pernah mengalami kesurupan. Penelitian studi fenomenologi dengan metode kualitatif, yaitu menggali informasi sedalam-dalamnya tentang pengalaman seseorang yang meliputi sikap, keyakinan, kepercayaan, dan perilaku dari sudut pandang individu tersebut.Analisa menggunakan Georgi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan adanya 4 tema penelitian yaitu, definisi kesurupan, penyebab kesurupan, efek kesurupan, cara menyembuhkan kesurupan. Kata kunci : pengalaman, klien, kesurupan CLIENT EXPERIENCE WITH DISSOCIATIVE TRANCE DISORDER ABSTRACTLately there has been a lot of news from the media about the emergence of mass dissociative trance cases, this case often happens to students who are educating at the elementary, junior high, high school, and even to the university level. The emergence of this phenomenon is certainly a big question for the wider community and more specifically for academics, why does this phenomenon occur? What do they feel so that they can experience trance?. This study aims to uncover the phenomenon of possession in depth with direct capture from individuals who have experienced possession at Sultan Agung Islamic University in Semarang through descriptive phenomenological studies, to get a picture of how the experience of someone who has experienced possession. The study of phenomenological studies with qualitative methods, which dig deep information about a person's experience which includes attitudes, beliefs, beliefs, and behavior from the point of view of the individual. The analysis uses Georgi. The results revealed 4 research themes, namely the definition of possession, the cause of possession, possession effect, how to cure possession. Keywords: experience, clients, possessed

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Svetlana Doskach ◽  
Lіubov Kostyk

The article presents a theoretical analysis of informative and manipulative influence on the socio-political consciousness and behavior of modern youth. The interpretation of consciousness in the psychological and political areas has been revealed, which makes it possible to consider information technologies as an important attribute of influence on political consciousness. There has been conducted the analysis of the psychological components of informative and manipulative technologies, which defined as the dominance of the spiritual state of the individual, the imposition of thoughts, ideas, attitudes, values and management of behavior in favor of the subject of influence. There has been revealed the idea that the favorable socio-political conditions encourage the media to exert influence by manipulating the political consciousness and behavior of young people. The opinion has been clarified, that the use of communication technologies, that optimize the implementation of policy actors of their tasks and responsibilities through rational means, sequence of actions, development of an appropriate algorithm of behavior, result in the implementation of human activities to achieve socially significant goals, including political one. In the context of this issue, the role of the media in the political processes of society has been revealed, where they act as a means of manipulative influence aimed at transforming the political consciousness of young people. The factors influencing the political consciousness of young people have been analyzed, where the most influential are: granting the right to edit, adding their own conjectures; distortion of information; submission of false information; being reticent about major events; being ahead of the curve. However, the main reason for the effects of informative and manipulative influence lies in the personal scope, where it is important to have the ability to think critically, to analyze, interpret, defend the point of view, have strong energy and will, to have different forms of verbal influence of optimal mechanisms of thought and actions appropriate to the situation. Methods of effective counteraction to informative and manipulative influences have been determined. The main one is the ability to distribute information in the associative space, when one constructs the absence of intersection of the discussed events by associative connection with other unrelated events. Due to effective approaches, modern youth has the opportunity to stop being a "passive mass" and become active citizens who defend their opinions, make independent decisions and form their own patterns of behavior.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-235
Author(s):  
Arina Kodoeva

the article handles the origin of the term "legal education". A detailed analysis of the works of scientists involved in this issue is given. There are three factors of legal nihilism that led to the split of the unified Russian historical, cultural and social community, but also had a significant impact on the younger generation, depriving it of any stable coordinate system in the construction of both personal and social relations. The acquired legal knowledge becomes due and valuable in the consciousness and behavior of the individual only when the due and value of these norms, first, is shared with the individual by a certain human community, and secondly, it generates indisputable authorities that are indicative carriers of legal due and value. According to the author, systematic and specific activities are necessary, aimed not only at obtaining legal knowledge, but also at developing habits of legal behavior in society. Not only state and public organizations should be involved in such activities. This work should be carried out methodically in educational institutions. The author analyzes the definition of "legal education" from the point of view of various scientists who have worked on this problem.


Author(s):  
Arina Kodoeva

the article handles the origin of the term "legal education". A detailed analysis of the works of scientists involved in this issue is given. There are three factors of legal nihilism that led to the split of the unified Russian historical, cultural and social community, but also had a significant impact on the younger generation, depriving it of any stable coordinate system in the construction of both personal and social relations. The acquired legal knowledge becomes due and valuable in the consciousness and behavior of the individual only when the due and value of these norms, first, is shared with the individual by a certain human community, and secondly, it generates indisputable authorities that are indicative carriers of legal due and value. According to the author, systematic and specific activities are necessary, aimed not only at obtaining legal knowledge, but also at developing habits of legal behavior in society. Not only state and public organizations should be involved in such activities. This work should be carried out methodically in educational institutions. The author analyzes the definition of "legal education" from the point of view of various scientists who have worked on this problem.


The article attempts to comprehend the essence and possibility of forming discourse competence among foreign and Russian students with simultaneous immersion in patriotic discourse. It is highlighted that the addition of the humanitarian series of “History of Civilizations” and “Features of Russian Civilization” to the educational process at the university creates the necessary pedagogical conditions for organizing a special linguo-ethno-cultural environment that forms active social interaction of authors within the framework of the medical and patriotic linguistic scenario. The authors of the article conducted a semantic and historical analysis of interpretations of the concept of “patriotism” that were studied from the point of view of traditional and liberal culture. The article presents the results of a socio-pedagogical study of students' perceptions of this concept. The article describes various theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of the concepts of “discourse” and “discursive picture of the world” as well as psycholinguistic features of the method of semantic differential. Special attention in the article is paid to the typologies of discourse presented in the scientific literature. The authors of the article present the principle of genre and the principle of thematic correlation as the basis for distinguishing between types of discourse and highlight differences in language and discursive pictures of the world. The tasks of educators is to form not only purely medical discursive competence, but also to immerse the listener in “correctly” interpreted picture, saturated with verbal patterns that allow to create statements of patriotic content.


Author(s):  
A. L. Semenov ◽  
V. I. Ershov ◽  
D. A. Gusarov

This paper deals with the concept of the translation approach to the problem of interaction of language and culture in terms of determination of the translation solutions by linguoethnic factors. The authors pay main attention to the analysis of the notion of culture. The concept proceeds from the views and opinions regarding the culture and its role in shaping the identity of the person introduced by the honorary doctor (doctor honoris cause) of the MGIMO-University Federico Major in his book «New page». Sharing the point of view of F. Major , the authors come to the conclusion that culture is a knowledge, based on which an individual perceives and evaluates his performance and behavior. Projecting such a position on the verbal behavior, the authors highlight the leading role of culture in the process of producing a speech act played when choosing the individual models of behavior on the basis of the knowledge of the communicative situation. Based on F. Mayor`s opinion that culture unites rather than divides people, the authors note the presence of universal and unique linguoethnic elements in the cultural knowledge of the representatives of various ethnic groups which determine the degree of similarities and differences in the ways of expressing knowledge in different languages. In this paper the authors reasonably use the term «linguoethnic» to describe the cultural-cognitive peculiarities inherent to individuals as representatives of different ethnic groups, as well as give comparison of the terms «linguoethnic» and «linguocultural».


Author(s):  
Līga Romāne-Kalniņa ◽  

Aristotle’s definition of rhetoric as the art of observing the available means of persuasion is one of the most widely used quotations not only in linguistics but also in social, political, and communication sciences. Aristotle, apart from defining the elements of rhetoric (logos, ethos and pathos), has proposed three types of rhetoric that refer either to the present situation (ceremonial), the past (judicial), or the future (political). The current president of Latvia and his language use is one of the most widely discussed topics across the media and academia due to the register, style, and content of his speeches. Moreover, the president of Latvia has a direct impact on how the state is perceived nationally and internationally; thus, it is significant to investigate the linguistic profile of the linguistic expression of the ideas communicated by the president to the wider public. The current study analyses 160 speeches given by president Egils Levits on nationally significant occasions as well as internationally with the aim to investigate whether the speeches of the president of Latvia correspond to the ceremonial, political or judicial rhetoric because the president represents both legal and political discourse as the former judge of the European Court of Human Rights and the former minister of Justice, and as the head of the Republic of Latvia represents the state nationally and abroad. The study is grounded in the theories on rhetoric and Critical Discourse Analysis applied to political discourse and presidential language and discussed by scholars such as Aristotle (1959), Van Dijk (2006), Chilton and Schäffner (2002), O’Keeffe (2006), Van Dijk (2008), David (2014), Wilson (2015) and Wodak and Mayer (2016). The results of the current study reveal that the speeches are a clear representation of a combination of legal, political, and ceremonial rhetoric and cross various semantic fields that are marked by the use of field terminology in combination with topos of definition and name interpretation to explain the terms directly in the speeches. The speeches by Levits are furthermore marked by relatively frequent use of loanwords, neologisms, obsolete words, and compounds that is one of the main characteristics of the linguistic profile of his speeches. Additional characteristic features are the use of parallel sentence constructions, inverted word orders, rhetorical questions, and pronominal referencing to attract the listener's attention and emphasize the thematic areas of the speeches. Nevertheless, it has been concluded that such linguistic techniques as metaphors, metonymies, synecdoche, or hyperbole are used comparatively less frequently, thus making the speeches appear more formal and less emotional from the linguistic point of view.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Panov ◽  
I.B. Komkov ◽  
A.V. Savelyev ◽  
N.A. Loginova

The article deals with the martial arts of the East (MAE) in relation to the organizational system of A.A. Bogdanov, from the point of view of their life stability. It is necessary for the definition of MAE as an art, not a physical education and sports. It contributed to the identification of technical immunity and a strict hierarchy of these systems. It allowed us to identify MAE as a system that promotes the development of the talent of individual, forming a creative personality. It became possible to solve the problem of consciousness through a conscious choice of the desired element of the system, depending on the range of situations. The considered MAE became a similarity of living system and an analogy of human brain. Considering an information-hierarchical structure, it was given the name “supraorganizational”, because the process of its “reproduction” and the significance of this process for the system were discovered. The identification of MAE as a living creative structure capable of interacting with space, in order to acquire and transfer properties to influence the recipient, made it possible to define them as the basis for understanding the art, particularly fine art. Technical immunity and technical homeostasis were able to justify the emergence of the immunological android as a node in the technology of living systems between the individual and the artificial intelligence.


Author(s):  
Donatella Persico

Teachers, trainers, and educational designers often face the problem of choosing the most suitable media for achieving their educational purposes. To solve this problem, they need to take into account both the variables at play in the educational setting and the characteristics and potentialities of the media available. This chapter discusses the criteria for media choice, with particular attention to the point of view of the individual teacher who makes decisions on the basis of the educational strategies he or she deems most appropriate and, given that schools usually have limited resources, must favor techniques for material retrieval and reuse rather than new development.


PMLA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143-1149
Author(s):  
Russ Castronovo

Temporal concerns are baked into the matter of facts. From an etymological point of view, facts are moments of making and doing that are no longer alive and kicking. Coming into English and other modern Western languages by means of both the past participle of the Latin word facere (“to make or to do”) and the Latin noun factum, whose senses include the “result of doing” and “something done,” fact denotes an action that has happened and is now preserved like a fossil in the accumulated sediments of history (“Fact”). Etymologically speaking, facts are safely removed from the vicissitudes of the present and the whims of our leaders. So it makes sense that there should be some hand-wringing over facts that have become so thoroughly destabilized that they no longer seem to be based on anything. The defining moment in this distressing development occurred when the Trump administration, not content merely to put a spin on facts, dismissed quantifiable facts by summoning “alternative facts” to deny that the low attendance at the 2017 presidential inauguration was real. A dictionary, not the renowned one from Oxford but Urban Dictionary, offers the following definition of alternative facts: “an attempt to gaslight the population in an effort to control the media and create propaganda” (Mozzy-o). If only we could take refuge in etymology and remind ourselves and anyone else who will listen that facts are veritable faits accomplis, over and done with, past participles that stand as linguistic monuments to a bygone event beyond alteration.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4(17)) ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Tahani Komarica

The paper aims to present the characteristics of the net given through the prism of supporters and skeptics. That range reveals net traps at social platforms through the crisis of democracy as an introduction to netocracy, and at the individual platform. A particular problem that arises from this is the definitions of media literacy that are focused on life in the media. The paper presents completing the definition of media literacy with the term „exclusion“, which leads to life with media.


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