scholarly journals PENGOMPOSAN SEKAM PADI MENGGUNAKAN SLURRY DARI FERMENTASI LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Irvan ◽  
Bambang Trisakti ◽  
Cut Novaliani Hasbi ◽  
Elwina Widiarti
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Recycling Technique

Rice husk is material waste that is usually just burned. However, this practice is causing air pollution problems. One effort to help overcome the problem of agricultural waste is recycling technique with an emphasis on the process of composting. Many efforts can be made ​​to speed the composting process. The treatment was performed by the addition of slurry at the beginning of  composting process with the addition of as much as 1, 2,and 3 liters and the addition of slurry during composting process by adding 0,5;1; and 1,5liters of slurry every 3 days once. At each treatment was added 1 kg of fine compost. The condition which almost meets quality compost by SNI 19-7030-2004 and most precocious and decomposesis the compost with the addition of as much as 1, 5 liters every 3 days where the temperature is 32,8 oC obtained, the water level is 35,1,99 %, the ratio of C / N is 7.58 and pH is 9,59. This thing indicates that the slurry from biogas fermentor can accelerate the maturity of compost making so that it is more easily broken down or decomposed.

scholarly journals Variasi Jenis dan Ukuran Bahan pada Kompos Blok Berbasis Limbah Pertanian sebagai Media Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 085-095
Author(s):  
Elida Novita ◽  
Sri Wahyuningsih ◽  
Fila Adilia Minandasari ◽  
Hendra Andiananta Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Composting Process

ABSTRACT Agricultural waste is an organic material source. The organic matter was processed as compost. Compost block was one of composting technology developments. It has functioned as a planting medium. The type and size of raw materials are essential in the composting process. The purpose of this study was to examine variations in types and sizes of organic materials for compost blocks on the composting process and as a growth medium for chili plants. This study used a completely random design with two variables. The first variable was the variation of raw material type, i.e., coffee husk and pulp, tobacco petiole, and rice husk. The second variable was the variation of raw material size, i.e., 10, 40, and 80 mesh. The research data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test conducted with the Duncan test. The research data test show that compost from rice husks had the most C/N value of 19.71. The raw material on optimally composting refers to temperature and humidity parameters as rice husk. The most effective compost block as a planting medium is a rice husk with the size of 40 mesh. The variance analysis result showed the rice husk treatment with the size material of 0.06 cm had significant differences in the three parameters of vegetative growth of plants, i.e., plant growth rate, leaf growth rate, and leaf area. Keyword: composting, coffee husk and pulp,tabbaco petiole, rice husk, organic matter   ABSTRAK Limbah pertanian merupakan salah satu sumber bahan organik. Bahan organik tersebut berpotensi digunakan sebagai kompos. Kompos blok merupakan salah satu pengembangan teknologi pengomposan. Kompos ini digunakan sebagai media tanam. Jenis dan ukuran bahan baku berperan penting pada proses pengomposan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji variasi jenis dan ukuran pada bahan-bahan organik untuk kompos blok terhadap proses pengomposan dan sebagai media pertumbuhan tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancang acak lengkap dengan dua variabel. Variabel pertama adalah jenis bahan baku kompos meliputi kulit kopi, limbah tangkai daun tembakau, dan sekam padi. Variabel kedua adalah variasi ukuran dengan menggunakan ayakan 10, 40, dan 80 mesh. Data hasil pengukuran dianalisis menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil pengujian unsur hara menunjukkan bahwa kompos dari sekam padi memiliki nilai C/N sebesar 19,71. Pengomposan bahan yang berjalan optimal berdasarkan parameter suhu dan kelembaban adalah sekam padi. Kompos blok yang paling efektif sebagai media tanam berdasarkan parameter laju jumlah daun adalah limbah sekam padi ukuran 40 mesh. Hasil uji Analysis of Variance menujukkan bahwa pelakuan ukuran sekam padi sebesar 0,06 cm memiliki perbedaan nyata terhadap tiga parameter pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman, yaitu laju tinggi tanaman, laju jumlah daun, dan luas daun. Kata Kuci : pengomposan, kulit buah kopi, limbah tangkai tembakau, sekam padi, bahan organik

scholarly journals Study and Use of Rice Husk Ash as a Source of Aluminosilicate in Refractory Coating

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3440
Author(s):  
Mohd Na’im Abdullah ◽  
Mazli Mustapha ◽  
Nabihah Sallih ◽  
Azlan Ahmad ◽  
Faizal Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Refractory Coating ◽  
Alkyd Paint ◽  
Passive Fire Protection ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Geopolymer Binder

The utilisation of rice husk ash (RHA) as an aluminosilicate source in fire-resistant coating could reduce environmental pollution and can turn agricultural waste into industrial wealth. The overall objective of this research is to develop a rice-husk-ash-based geopolymer binder (GB) fire-retardant additive (FR) for alkyd paint. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments work, on the ratio of RHA-based GB to alkyd paint. The microstructure behaviour and material characterisation of the coating samples were studied through SEM analysis. The optimal RHA-based GB FR additive was formulated at 50% wt. FR and 82.628% wt. paint. This formulation showed the result of 270 s to reach 200 °C and 276 °C temperature at equilibrium for thermal properties. Furthermore, it was observed that the increased contents of RHA showed an increment in terms of the total and open porosities and rough surfaces, in which the number of pores on the coating surface plays an important role in the formation of the intumescent char layer. By developing the optimum RHA-based GB to paint formulation, the coating may potentially improve building fire safety through passive fire protection.

scholarly journals Sustainable Panels Made with Industrial and Agricultural Waste: Thermal and Environmental Critical Analysis of the Experimental Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Elisa Belloni ◽  
Francesca Merli ◽  
Cinzia Buratti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Combined Solution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Recycled Waste

Recycled waste materials obtained from industrial and agricultural processes are becoming promising thermal and acoustic insulating solutions in building applications; their use can play an important role in the environmental impact reduction. The aim of the present paper is the evaluation of the thermal performance of recycled waste panels consisting of cork scraps, rice husk, coffee chaff, and end-life granulated tires, glued in different weight ratios and pressed. Six panels obtained from the mixing of these waste materials were fabricated and analyzed. In particular, the scope is the selection of the best compromise solutions from the thermal and environmental points of view. To this aim, thermal resistances were measured in laboratory and a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was carried out for each panel; a cross-comparative examination was performed in order to optimize their properties and find the best panels solutions to be assembled in the future. Life Cycle Analysis was carried out in terms of primary Embodied Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, considering a ‘‘cradle-to-gate” approach. The obtained thermal conductivities varied in the 0.055 to 0.135 W/mK range, in the same order of magnitude of many traditional systems. The best thermal results were obtained for the panels made of granulated cork, rice husk, and coffee chaff in this order. The rubber granulate showed higher values of the thermal conductivity (about 0.15 W/mK); a very interesting combined solution was the panel composed of cork (60%), rice husk (20%), and coffee chaff (20%), with a thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/mK and a Global Warming Potential of only 2.6 kg CO2eq/m2. Considering the Embodied Energy (CED), the best solution is a panel composed of 56% of cork and 44% of coffee chaff (minimum CED and thermal conductivity).

Development of Ternary Concrete Utilizing Agricultural Waste Material

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Kumari ◽  
Dhirendra Singhal ◽  
Rinku Walia ◽  
Ajay Rathee
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Maize Cob

Abstract The present project proposes to utilize rice husk and maize cob husk ash in the cement to mitigate the adverse impact of cement on environment and to enhance the disposal of waste in a sustainable manner. Ternary concrete / MR concrete was prepared by using rise husk and maize cob ash with cement. For the present project, five concrete mixes MR-0 (Control mix), MR-1 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-2.5%), MR-2 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-5%), MR-3 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-2.5%), MR-4 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-2.5%) were prepared. M35 concrete mix was designed as per IS 10262:2009 for low slump values 0-25mm. The purpose is to find the optimum replacement level of cement in M35 grade ternary concrete for I – Shaped paver blocks.In order to study the effects of these additions, micro-structural and structural properties test of concretes have been conducted. The crystalline properties of control mix and modified concrete are analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that 10% Rice husk ash and 5% maize cob ash replaced with cement produce a desirable quality of ternary concrete mix having good compressive strength. The results of SEM analysis indicated that the morphology of both concrete were different, showing porous structure at 7 days age and become unsymmetrical with the addition of ashes. After 28 day age, the control mix contained more quantity of ettringite and became denser than ternary concrete. XRD analysis revealed the presence of portlandite in large quantity in controlled mix concrete while MR concrete had the partially hydrated particle of alite.

Empirical Equilibrium Study on Rice Husk and Eggshells as Low Cost Bioadsorbent for the Methylene Blue Removal

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Nurul Hanim Razak ◽  
Md. Razali Ayob ◽  
M.A.M. Zainin ◽  
M.Z. Hilwa
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Porosity Characterization

Eggshells and rice husk, two types of notable agricultural waste were used as bioadsorbent to remove Methylene Blue dye (MBD) in aqueous solution. This study was to investigate the performance of these two bioadsorbents in removing MBD. The removal percentage, adsorption capacity, and porosity characterization were examined. The method applied was a physical filtration. UV-VIS Spectrophotometer was used to determine the efficiency of the bioadsorbents in MBD adsorption. The highest removal percentage at the most concentrated MBD were 51% and 98% for eggshells and rice husks respectively. Meanwhile the characterization of rice husks pore size and volume proves that higher adsorptivity towards dye compares to eggshells porosity. It was concluded that the eggshells and rice husks bioadsorbents was successful to treat industrial textile wastewater with rice husks as the most efficient bioadsorbent in removing MBD.

A Study on Absorption Coefficient of Sustainable Acoustic Panels from Rice Husks and Sugarcane Baggase

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farrah Zuhaira Ismail ◽  
Mohamad Nidzam Rahmat ◽  
Norishahaini M. Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Porosity Level ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Sound Reduction

Noise has detrimental effects on human lives and it is a nuisance to the environment. As many of the available sound reduction materials in the current market are hazardous, there are demands for alternative sustainable materials to reduce the noise problem. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the potential of using an agricultural waste as sound absorption panel. For the purpose of this study, the combination of two materials was under studied; rice husks and sugarcane baggase. There were two main objective of the research; first is to develop absorption panels from the combination of rice husks and sugarcane baggase at different percentage of mixture. Second objective is to identify the absorption rate of the panels. The study encompasses the fabrication of the sustainable sound panels using the rice husk and sugarcane fibre and bond using Phenol formaldehyde (PF). Five panels of sized 12 inch x 12 inch and 12 mm thick were fabricated. The absorption coefficient of the samples was done at the acoustic lab, Faculty of Engineering & Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi. The panels were tested using an impedance tube. The procedure of the test was carried out in accordance with ISO 10534-2:1998 standards. Based on the results, sample 1 gave the highest absorption coefficient compared to sample 2, 3, 4 and 5. It can be concluded that the acoustic panel made from a mixture of 100% rice husks had higher absorption co-efficient compared to the performance of the other samples given the fact that the characteristic of the rice husks which has air gap in every single piece of rice husk. The spongy properties of the sample 1 panel has created many void spaces which encouraged more sound absorption capability due to the porous surface of the panel. Sound absorption is very much affected by the availability of porosity level of the panel. Thus, further studies on other potential materials from waste should be conducted.Keywords. Noise, Agriculture waste, sound, absorption panels, absorption co-efficient

scholarly journals Arctic smoke – record high air pollution levels in the European Arctic due to agricultural fires in Eastern Europe

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 9655-9722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stohl ◽  
T. Berg ◽  
J. F. Burkhart ◽  
A. M. Fjæraa ◽  
C. Forster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Radiative Processes ◽  
European Arctic

Abstract. In spring 2006, the European Arctic was abnormally warm, setting new historical temperature records. During this warm period, smoke from agricultural fires in Eastern Europe intruded into the European Arctic and caused the most severe air pollution episodes ever recorded there. This paper confirms that biomass burning (BB) was indeed the source of the observed air pollution, studies the transport of the smoke into the Arctic, and presents an overview of the observations taken during the episode. Fire detections from the MODIS instruments aboard the Aqua and Terra satellites were used to estimate the BB emissions. The FLEXPART particle dispersion model was used to show that the smoke was transported to Spitsbergen and Iceland, which was confirmed by MODIS retrievals of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and AIRS retrievals of carbon monoxide (CO) total columns. Concentrations of halocarbons, carbon dioxide and CO, as well as levoglucosan and potassium, measured at Zeppelin mountain near Ny Ålesund, were used to further corroborate the BB source of the smoke at Spitsbergen. The ozone (O3) and CO concentrations were the highest ever observed at the Zeppelin station, and gaseous elemental mercury was also enhanced. A new O3 record was also set at a station on Iceland. The smoke was strongly absorbing – black carbon concentrations were the highest ever recorded at Zeppelin –, and strongly perturbed the radiation transmission in the atmosphere: aerosol optical depths were the highest ever measured at Ny Ålesund. We furthermore discuss the aerosol chemical composition, obtained from filter samples, as well as the aerosol size distribution during the smoke event. Photographs show that the snow at a glacier on Spitsbergen became discolored during the episode and, thus, the snow albedo was reduced. Samples of this polluted snow contained strongly enhanced levels of potassium, sulphate, nitrate and ammonium ions, thus relating the discoloration to the deposition of the smoke aerosols. This paper shows that, to date, BB has been underestimated as a source of aerosol and air pollution for the Arctic, relative to emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Given its significant impact on air quality over large spatial scales and on radiative processes, the practice of agricultural waste burning should be banned in the future.

scholarly journals Identification of Leaching Zone in Pasirimpun Dump Station, West Java, Indonesia Using Resistivity and Induced Polarization Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Alfin Ari Nugraha ◽  
A.` A. Ilmanto ◽  
J. Jonathan ◽  
R. M. Rashad ◽  
S. Maghrifa
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Induced Polarization ◽  
Polarization Method ◽  
West Java ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Geophysical Measurements

The presence of dump stations around resident's houses besides resulting air pollution, it is also affectingthe cleanliness of water used by society to meet their daily needs. Location where we researched is at ex-Pasirimpun Dump Station, Karang Pamulang Village, Kecamatan Cicadas, Bandung. Although Pasirimpun Dump Station has been closed and turned function into Taman Abdi Negara, it is feared that there is a water pollution caused by leach zone. Geophysical measurements by geoelectric method are performed to prove the leaching zone. This study aims to determine the depth of the leaching zone, its position against the groundwater level, and what potential harm can caused by the leaching zone. The methodology that is used are direct observation, interviews, and literature studies. Our measurements is done by using schlumberger conguration and Induced Polarization (IP) method on morphology that tend to be at with a length of 141 meters stretch and a spaceof 3 meters. Groundwater faces are mapped to be correlated with the depth of the existing leaching zone. From the results of literature studies, there is a leaching zone in the area with a depth of about 30 meters. By knowing this leaching zone, we hope that there will be cooperation between government and society to avoidthe impacts of leaching zone on the water which they consumed. One way to know, is to drill deeper water level from the leach zone.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Bionanofiller Dari Limbah Padi Sebagai Alternatif Penguatan Pada Polimer Komposit

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eryani . ◽  
Sri Aprilia ◽  
Farid Mulana
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Mechanical Properties Characterization

<p>Agricultural waste such as rice straw, rice husk and rice husk ash have not been utilized properly. This waste of agricultural produce can actually be used as an alternative to bionanofiller because it contains an excellent source of silica. The silica content contained in the rice waste when combined with the polymer matrix can produce composites having high thermal and mechanical properties. Characterization of bionanofiller from this rice waste is done by SEM, XRF, FTIR, XRD and particle density. The result of SEM analysis from this rice waste is feasible to be used as filler because it has size 1 μm. Likewise with the results of XRF analysis that rice waste contains a high enough silica component that is 80.6255% - 89.83%. FTIR test results also show that bionanoparticles from rice waste have the same content of silica. In the XRD analysis the best selective gain of rice waste is found in rice husk ash which is characteristic of amorp silica at a range of 2ϴ = 22<br />. The largest density analysis of paddy waste was found in rice husk 0.0419 gr / cm , followed by rice straw by of 0.0417 gr / cm 3 and rice hulk ash 0.0407 g / cm 3</p>

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of rice husk biochar via hydrothermal carbonization for wastewater treatment and biofuel production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Hossain ◽  
Sabzoi Nizamuddin ◽  
Gregory Griffin ◽  
Periasamy Selvakannan ◽  
Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Suspension Stability ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

Abstract The recent implication of circular economy in Australia spurred the demand for waste material utilization for value-added product generations on a commercial scale. Therefore, this experimental study emphasized on agricultural waste biomass, rice husk (RH) as potential feedstock to produce valuable products. Rice husk biochar (RB) was obtained at temperature: 180 °C, pressure: 70 bar, reaction time: 20 min with water via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), and the obtained biochar yield was 57.9%. Enhancement of zeta potential value from − 30.1 to − 10.6 mV in RB presented the higher suspension stability, and improvement of surface area and porosity in RB demonstrated the wastewater adsorption capacity. Along with that, an increase of crystallinity in RB, 60.5%, also indicates the enhancement of the catalytic performance of the material significantly more favorable to improve the adsorption efficiency of transitional compounds. In contrast, an increase of the atomic O/C ratio in RB, 0.51 delineated high breakdown of the cellulosic component, which is favorable for biofuel purpose. 13.98% SiO2 reduction in RB confirmed ash content minimization and better quality of fuel properties. Therefore, the rice husk biochar through HTC can be considered a suitable material for further application to treat wastewater and generate bioenergy.

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