scholarly journals Efficiency of winter wheat protection systems in the Steppe zone of Ukraine under irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
S.O. Zaiets ◽  
O.L. Rudik ◽  
L.I. Onufran ◽  
K.S. Fundyrat
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Protection Systems

Study of vegetation red edge indices of reflectance spectra for crops of winter wheat cultivated in the steppe zone of Ukraine

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4(77)) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
G.M. Zholobak ◽  
◽  
Z.M. Shportiuk ◽  
O.N. Sibirtseva ◽  
S.S. Dugin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Red Edge

scholarly journals The effectiveness of herbicides in winter wheat in the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
A. Tedeyeva ◽  
A. Abayev ◽  
V. Tedeyeva ◽  
Natalia Khokhoeva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The authors present the results of the use of herbicides on winter wheat crops in the steppe zone of North Ossetia-Alania. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of herbicides in winter wheat crops. The object of research is two varieties of winter wheat – Trio and Utrish, which differ in maturity, susceptibility to leaf-stem pathogens. The novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the steppe zone of the Mozdok region, in the research and production department of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture of the All-Russian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the effectiveness of the use of herbicides in winter wheat crops was studied, an economic assessment of the studied agricultural techniques was given. Methods. The counts and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods described in the “Educational-methodical guide for conducting research in agronomy”. Results. As a result of the use of herbicides and their tank mixture, it contributed to a significant reduction in the number of weeds (the percentage of death in the bumping phase varied between 55.9–81.1 % compared to the control). The removal of mineral nutrition elements by weeds was: nitrogen – 72.6 kg/ha, phosphorus – 14.4 kg/ha, potassium-52.4 kg/ha. Herbicides had a positive effect on photosynthetic activity. The leaf area during its maximum development (earing phase) according to the studied variants increased by 12.7–16.4 %, and the photosynthetic potential – by 13.7–17.8 %. The PPF for the studied options (the average value for the growing season) increased by 0.34–0.51 g/m2 per day. The studied drugs contributed to a significant increase in productivity. The largest increase was obtained according to the option: Grench (5 g/ha) + Luvaram (800 ml / ha) – 2.39–2.60 t/ha. The profitability level in the control (without herbicides) was at the level of 25.7 % (grade Trio), and according to the studied options ranged from 148.7 % (Luvarum 1600 ml / ha) to 169.2 % (Grench 5 g/ha + Luvaram 800 ml/ha).

scholarly journals Economic and bioenergetic evaluation of seed cultivation of winter wheat triticale varieties in western Forest-Steppe zone

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Valentyna Hlyva ◽  
◽  
Ihor Voloshchuk ◽  
Halyna Hereshko ◽  
Oksana Kovalchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe

scholarly journals Reserves for the Increase of Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and Their Dependence on the Heterogeneity of Crops in the Conditions of the Steppe Zone of the Orenburg Urals, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gulyanov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality

Aim. Verification of scientific concepts regarding the spatial heterogeneity of field agrocenoses. Identification of the variability of phytometric and structural crop ndicators and determination of the degree of their influence on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Orenburg Urals.Material and Methods. Establishment of field experiments, related observations and counts in accordance with the methodology of state variety crops testing and B.A.Dospekhov's guidelin. Monitoring of winter wheat crops was carried by measuring the vegetation index (NDVI) with a Green Seeker Handheld Crop Sensor, Model HCS‐100 (Trimble, USA). Determination of grain quality indicators was conducted according to GOST 9353‐2016 Wheat – Technical Conditions. Microsoft Office Excel was employed for the correlation and regression analysis of experimental data. Results. Analysis of the intra‐field heterogeneity of winter wheat agrocenoses in terms of yield and grain quality was conducted. The dependences of yield and grain quality on the principal crop phytometric and structural parameters were defined and expressed in the form of regression equations.Сonclusion. The results of the studies attest to the growth of reserves of grain yield to 3.0 t/ha and grain quality to class I‐II class in zonal climatic conditions of optimization of environmental factors to the level of the best basic plots by levelling out field soil heterogeneity. This is possible by restoring the fertility of anthropogenically‐degraded soil through the introduction of landscape‐adaptive and resource saving farming systems, soil protective and soil restorative crop rotation, differentiated application of organic and mineral fertilizers and selection of the most adaptive varieties. We also advise the introduction of intelligent ‘digital technologies’ aimed at fuller implementation of the genetic potential of cultivated varieties with careful consideration of natural resources and the preservation of biological diversity.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of autumn and spring application herbicides in winter wheat crops in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
I. Storchous
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Effective Period ◽  
Negative Impacts

Goal. Justification for autumn and spring application of herbicides in crops of winter wheat in conditions of Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Methods. Observation, analysis and synthesis in conjunction with special methods. Special methods: field — for evaluation of the properties of weeds to reproduce and regenerate, the study of ontogenesis and morphogenesis, depending on various factors; quantity and weight — to determine the level of contamination of sowing, growth parameters and development of plants, productivity and elements of structure; mathematically-statistical — to determine the reliability of the results. Results. The level of technical efficiency of herbicides and derivatives aromatic amines and sulfonylureas. Improved control segetal vegetation and identifies the effective period for the application of herbicides in crops of winter wheat with the aim of ensuring high crop yield. Studies have confirmed that the timely and maximum destruction of weeds in crops of winter wheat contributed to better growth and development of plants in culture, which showed its competitiveness to counter the negative impacts segetal vegetation throughout the growing season. Conclusions. The optimal timing for herbicide application in the autumn in crops of winter wheat is the phenological phase of development of the culture of the 1—2 leaf, the rate of consumption of sulfonylureas: Marafon KC — 4.0 l/ha was Grodil Maxi OD, and.d. — 0,11 l/ha, Granstar gold 75, v.g. — 0,035 kg/ha, Starane Premium 330 EC, k.e. — 0.5 l/ha. During the autumn application of technical efficiency of 100% had the variant with the application of herbicide Granstar gold 75, VG with a dose rate of 0.035 kg/ha. With the herbicide in the spring, the optimal time was the phenological phase of cultural development — tillering. Technical efficiency of the medicines when spring application in all variants amounted to 90—100%.

FEATURES OF SELECTIVE IMPROVEMENT OF WINTER WHEAT IN THE ROSTOV REGION STEPPE ZONE

1970 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
М. А. Fomenko ◽  
А. I. Grabovets ◽  
T. А. Oleynikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Rostov Region

The research was carried out in 2005 – 2019 at the Federal Rostov Agrarian Research Center in the Rostov region. The material was the breeding material of various generations of the breeding center. The introduction of semi-dwarf forms into the selection process was accompanied by the involvement of medium-sized local varieties Tarasovskaya 29, Severodonskaya, Severodonskaya 5, Severodonskaya 12, which were adapted to local conditions as step crosses. Also recursive parental forms from various ekonish were used. Field experiments and censuses were carried out in accordance with the methodology of the State Commission for Variety Testing (1971, 1989) and the Methodological Instructions of the World Collection Vir (1977). Breeding of winter wheat was carried out by conventional methods using the bulk method and pedigree.The material was the selection material of different generations of FRANZ breeding. Recombinants of previous generations were used to create varieties of winter soft wheat of the new morphobiotype Donmira, Acapella, Bylina Don.  Under different stress factors, the features of the formation of agrocenoses of new phenotypes were revealed. In order to improve individual characteristics, sources of winter and frost resistance were used.  A marker sign of selection for productivity and adaptability in drought conditions is an increase in the weight of grain from the plant and ear, the yield index. Further development of breeding of semi-dwarf varieties will be associated with an increase in the capacity of the agrocenosis. The research was implemented in the creation of 20 varieties of winter soft wheat, which are included in the State register of breeding achievements, with a wide area of cultivation. 

Features of growing winter wheat in the Steppe of Ukraine: monograph

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cherenkov ◽  
M. Solodushko ◽  
S. Yaroshenko ◽  
I. Gasanova ◽  
O. Pedash
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
High Yields

The monograph summarizes the achievements of science and best practices in growing high yields of winter wheat in the Steppe of Ukraine. The biological features of the crop are given, the influence of soils, light, temperature, moisture, nutrients on the level of grain yield and quality is shown. Scientifically substantiated recommendations for increasing the yield of winter wheat are presented. The publication includes information on the importance of winter wheat in agricultural production, its biological features and economic assessment of cultivation in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. The monograph is designed for managers and specialists of agricultural enterprises, agricultural researchers, farmers, teachers and students of agricultural higher education institutions

scholarly journals Identification of winter common wheat samples of Kharkiv breeding by protein markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Z. Usova ◽  
O.Y. Leonov ◽  
N.O. Kozub ◽  
I.O. Sozinov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Rye Translocations ◽  
Promising Line

Aim. Identification of new winter wheat breeding material developed in Kharkiv by electrophoretic patterns of storage proteins to select the most promising lines. Methods. Protein fractionation was performed by APAG- and SDS-electrophoresis. Results. The genotypes of winter wheat samples of the competitive variety trial at seven storage protein loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Gli-A3, Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 were studied. We identified eight alleles at the Gli-A1 locus, seven at Gli-B1, five at Gli-D1, four at Gli-A3, five at Glu-B1, three at Glu-A1, and two at Glu-D1. Most of the identified alleles are typical for Ukrainian winter wheat varieties. Along with them, theree were lines with introgressed alleles marking for the wheat-rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS. The biotype of the line Erythrospermum 484-19 carries an introgressed allele from Ae. tauschii at the Gli-D1 locus. Conclusions. According to field and laboratory trials of samples, there were neither significant advantages nor disadvantages of lines with wheat-rye translocations compared to lines without translocations (typical for the East Forest-Steppe zone). The promising line of the use of the 1AL/RS or 1BL/RS translocations (carrying disease resistance genes) is their coupling with the allele Glu-B1al associated with high grain quality. Keywords: winter wheat, storage proteins, alleles, translocations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document