scholarly journals THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF FATTENING CATTLE IN HISTORICAL AND MODERN RETROSPECTION (according to the bibliography of Academician G. Bogdanov)

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-169
Author(s):  
Yevhen Rudenko ◽  
Victoria Kunets
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Feed Protein ◽  
Meat Productivity

An attempt is made to concentrate this research in the field of the scientific heritage of Academician UAAS G. Bogdanov, due to certain retrospective and prospective reasons. The main scientific research of Bogdanov O. devoted to the development of theoretical bases of animals’ feeding farms, technologies of feed production and use were carried out in the period connected with work at the Research Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Forest-Steppe and Polissya of the USSR (1956–1976, now the Institute of Animal Husbandry NAAS). Developing the theoretical and practical positions of the classics of domestic zootechnical science I.Belgovsky and P. Pshenichny, Academician G. Bogdanov together with the scientific school created by him laid the foundation for the domestic and made a significant contribution to the world science of farm animal feeding and technology production of high quality feed. The creative heritage of the scientist includes patterns of energy, protein, amino acid, mineral, vitamin nutrition of cattle, pigs, sheep; norms and technologies of full-fledged feeding of farm animals; theoretical bases of formation of meat productivity of cattle in ontogenesis and substantiation of breed technologies of intensive beef production in Ukraine. The result long period of work of the scientist and his colleagues was represented in 2012 of the conceptual work "Theory and practice of normalized feeding of cattle". Research in the physiology and biochemistry of ruminants has led to the creation of new concepts for the evaluation of feed protein and protein rationing for highly productive animals, which gave impetus to the development of innovative feed additives based on protected protein and starch. Given the topic of our article, the work of the scientist, dedicated to the feeding of highly productive cattle, is singled out and considered.

Preparation of the copper-containing metallogels based on chitosan for biomedical and agricultural applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
A. A. Vikhrov ◽  
◽  
V. P. Zubov ◽  
S. Yu. Zaytsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Polymer Complexes ◽  
Promising Alternative

It is well-known, due to the geological features in a number of regions of the Russian Federation, there may be a shortage of certain microelements and other important “nutrients” in animal diets. The main approach to solve this problem is to use special feed additives. At present, preparations based on organic sources, for example, metal-polymer complexes, are considered a promising alternative. The purpose of this study is to develop an improved method for preparation of the copper-containing polysaccharide complexes and to study their most important parameters. Using CuCl2 as an example, it was shown that the formation of chitosan hydrogels is possible without the usage of potentially hazardous cross-linking agents (for example, glutaraldehyde) or polyvalent anions (for example, SO4 2–), which provide non-covalent cross-linking of chitosan due to electrostatic interactions with NH3 + in its composition. It was found that, upon frontal «gelation» of a 2% chitosan solution (MM 400±100 kDa) in acetic acid (1 vol%), the formation of stable metal gels is observed provided that the content of CuCl2 and ethanol in the precipitant solution is more than 40 mg/ml or more than 24 vol.%, respectively (Vchitosan = Vprecipitant). The obtained complexes are stable in aqueous-alcoholic solutions and swell in water up to destruction (pH 5,5). After additional treatment with an aqueous 1,5% ammonia solution, complexes practically do not swell in solutions with ≥ pH 5,5 (at least τ = 6 days) and dissolve at pH ≤ 4,2. Thus, the use of these complexes is able to provide the release of Cu2 + not in the rumen (pH 6,3–7,2), but in the abomasum (pH ~ 3), which can increase the bioavailability of copper. The development of an improved method for obtaining metal-polysaccharide complexes in a gel form that does not contain «ballast» (in terms of nutritional value and physiology of farm animals) anions (for example, SO4 2–) opens up new opportunities for the development of highly effective feed additives for animal husbandry.

scholarly journals CHLORELLA SUSPENSION AND ITS USAGE IN FINISHING PIGS’ RATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. KARUNKYI ◽  
T. REZNIK ◽  
Ye KULIDZHANOV
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Experimental Group

The animal husbandry cannot develop successfully without complete balanced feed and optimal forage supply. This article deals with the chemical composition of chlorella suspension. The ration is balanced with seaweeds as well as premixes, vitamins and bio supplement for the last decades. These seaweeds include chlorella - a representative of green microscopic algae. The use of chlorella allows for multi-factor balancing of the diet in accordance with modern feeding standards, which increases the productive effect of feed and significantly increases the transformation of nutrients into livestock products. This is arelevant issue of modern animal husbandry. The chlorella suspension was material for scientific research. It was made on the farm “In Samvel”, Ovidiopol District. According to the result of researches that took place on the farm " In Samvel", Biliayevka District, Odessa Oblast and SERF "Yuzhnyi" OSAGES NAAS, new data concerning chemical composition, the positive influence of investigated chlorella suspension on the growth and development of finishing pigs as well as feed costs by 1 kg of growth were obtained. It has been established that the chemical composition of chlorella suspension takes a special place among all feed additives used in farm animals feeding. It has been established that the additional use of chlorella suspension in the ration of finishing pigs of Large White breeds contribute to the increase of average daily gains by 121.9% against the control group in which chlorella suspensions was not given. Feed conversion to obtain1 kg of pigs live weight gain in the control group was 5.1 kg, in the experimental group - 4.2 kg and feed conversion index in the experimental group was higher by 21.4%. Thus the results of researches indicate the positive effect of investigated chlorella suspension on the growth anddevelopment of finishing pigs. Due to the obtained results, we can state that the chemical composition of the suspension chlorella takes a special place among all feed additives used in farm animals feeding. Chlorella has higher indicators of chemical composition, the amount of protein, vitamins and minerals in comparison with plant fodder and crops of agricultural production.

scholarly journals The use of medicinal plants as biologically active additives in livestock production

1970 ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
L. M. Kryzhak ◽  
N. V. Hutsol ◽  
O. O. Mysenko
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Methods Analytical

Purpose. To reveal the features and expediency of using feed additives of plant origin, which have a positive effect on the health and productivity of animals. To substantiate scientific and practical approaches of the medicinal plants use in animal husbandry in the form of a sterilized herbal brew, extracts, dry components of medicinal plants, which will have preventive and medicinal properties for animals, especially young. Methods. Analytical methods of research, observation, comparison, analysis. Results. Herbal preparations are of little toxicity and contribute to a high therapeutic effect. Their use in the diets of farm animals and poultry is predetermined by the presence in their composition, in addition to food, biologically active substances, which, when ingested, even in small quantities, cause a specific physiological effect. Dietary supplements for farm animals and poultry with a preventive effect, which improve health, increase productivity and enrich rations with feed additives of various natures, are of great importance. Based on the research carried out, biologically active additives will be created for the use in feeding farm animals and poultry in order to normalize digestion process, regulate metabolism, boost immune system. Conclusions. Assessment of the effect of using medicinal plants as biologically active additives to the diets of farm animals has been carried out. Influence of medicinal plants on the immune system and health of animals, treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, milk quality and productivity of dairy cows, improving the taste of poultry meat and young pigs livability was studied.

OPTIMIZATION OF MINERAL NUTRITION OF FATTENED SHEEP IN NATURAL PASTURE CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A.T. VARAKIN ◽  
◽  
D.K. KULIK ◽  
V.V. SALOMATIN ◽  
V.S. ZOTEEV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Combined Feed

The results of fattening sheep when using organic selenium-containing drug DAFS-25 as a feed additive and a combined feed additive including the drug DAFS-25 with an additional sulfur content for animal husbandry are presented. The inclusion of feed additives in diets has improved the mineral nutrition and meat productivity of sheep, as well as economic effi ciency.

The investigation of a complex productivity indicator based on the main components method for evaluating sheep of North Caucasian Meat and Wool breed

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
K. A. Katkov ◽  
L. N. Skorykh ◽  
I. O. Fominova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Meat Productivity

Improving the productive traits of animals through the use of genetic potential is impossible without a systematic evaluation of productivity characteristics and conformation traits. Special attention has always been paid to the study of the physique of animals in association with their productivity. The priorities in the selection of farm animals today are the parameters of meat productivity. For breeding work in order to increase productivity indicators in sheep, it is necessary to use the most informative parameters. The above dictates the need to apply new approaches to the evaluation of phenotypic parameters. Each trait has certain significance in the description of the phenotype, which can be evaluated on the basis of mathematical methods of analysis. Mathematical analysis, as well as mathematical modeling methods, is successfully used in animal husbandry. A new approach to the lifetime evaluation of sheep meat productivity using a multidimensional analysis method as the analysis of the main components has been presented in the article. The main purpose of the applied analysis method is to reduce the dimensionality for a multidimensional matrix of initial data. As a result of this analysis, a certain number of new variables are obtained which cannot be isolated during the direct study of the object, but has a high degree of correlation with the actual traits. We have described one of the possible ways to solve the problem of forming a complex numerical indicator using the principal component method. This indicator is called a complex indicator of productivity. At the same time, it is expected that the indicator under consideration does not impose restrictions on the number of parameters used in its formation. It is assumed that the high value of the complex productivity indicator obtained on the basis of lifetime measurements of the physique of animals will correspond to the same high value of the complex indicator obtained on the basis of slaughter parameters. As the result of the analysis, the mathematical and statistical method for calculating the correlation between lifetime traits and slaughter indicators of animal productivity has been carried out. On the base of conducted method of mathematical analysis, it can be assumed that the complex indicator can be used as the criterion for evaluating the productivity of sheep.

scholarly journals A. A. BELIKOV'S SCIENTIFIC LEGACY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REPRODUCTION BIOLOGY, THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN PIGS (TIMED TO THE 85TH ANNIVERSARY OF BIRTH)

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Irina Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Deep Freezing ◽  
Reproduction Biology ◽  
Boar Sperm

The scientific researches of the scientist Anatoly Andreevich Belikov, doсtor of Agrarian Sciences, in the field of pig reproduction were analysed. The scientist has played the essential role in the theoretical substantiation and technological equipment of the methods in scientific researches, related to the study of the fertilizing ability and artificial insemination in pigs using cryopreserved sperm. The most significant achievements in the development of long-term storage method of boar sperm in the deep-frozen state, its evaluation, thawing and insemination of sows are highlighted. The issue of semen deep freezing of farm animals in the middle of the twentieth century was relevant, because it allowed to preserve the genetic material (semen) of valuable breeds and species of animals. Profitable pork production would be impossible without advances in reproduction and artificial insemination. Scientific research on the development of a method for deep-freezing boar sperm in liquid nitrogen, was started in 1972 by A. A. Belikov, was aimed at testing different modes of sperm cooling - ultra-fast (vitrification), fast, moderate and slow. The best results were obtained with a fast mode of freezing and thawing of sperm. Scientists have conducted studies to see the possibility of replacing glycerin in cryopreservation media with other cryoprotectants. For the first time, in 1984, fertility was achieved by artificial insemination of pigs with frozen-thawed sperm with the addition of ethylene glycol instead of glycerin, at the level of 45-83 % with a fertility of 7-9 piglets per farrowing. Later in 1992, A. A. Belikov's research was aimed at studying certain theoretical issues concerning the freezing and thawing of diluted whole sperm and its thick fraction. The method of this experiment involved separating a thick fraction of ejaculate in the process of ejaculation in a boar under visual inspection. The result of the research and production experiment was the insemination of sows, whose fertility was on average from 46 to 76 %, with the release of piglets from 6 to 14 heads per farrowing. Created in 1990 by scientists together with the staff of the All-Russian Institute of Animal Husbandry, a bank of boar semen frozen in pellets, made it possible to use it both in Ukraine and abroad.

scholarly journals Detoxication agents and technologies for animal husbandry under conditions of anthropogenic pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Lyubov L. Zakharova ◽  
Georgiy A. Zhorov ◽  
Vasiliy I. Dorozhkin ◽  
Viktor N. Obryvin ◽  
Natalya A. Brichko
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Impact

The impact of human economic activity on the environment is increasingly taking the form of combined pollution with various ecotoxicants including xenobiotics of radiation (caesium-137, strontium-90) and chemical (mercury, cadmium, lead and other toxic elements) nature. Today, this is one of the most urgent and insufficiently studied scientific problems. At current levels of systematic intake and accumulation of ecotoxicants in the body of productive animals, various anthropogenic and environmental organopathologies and diseases develop, and the risk of obtaining products that are dangerous to the consumer increases. In this regard, in the conditions of combined technogenic pollution of agroecosystems, it is necessary to solve the problem of ensuring the production of safe and biologically complete livestock products and maintaining the health and useful qualities of farm animals. The article presents the results of research on the development of compositions and technologies for the use of sorption-detoxifying complexes in the form of feed additives to reduce the accumulation and negative effects of ecotoxicants on the animal body and ensure the production of safe products.

scholarly journals Development of complete compound feeds with rapeseed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
E. E. Kurchaeva ◽  
T. N. Tertychnaya ◽  
A. A. Shevtsov ◽  
N. A. Serdyukova ◽  
N. Y. Sitnikov
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
High Degree

The organization of scientifically justified feeding of farm animals with compound feed enriched with oilseed processed products as an energy component and a probiotic component contributing to the regulation of homeostasis processes becomes important in modern conditions of animal husbandry production. At the same time, a special role is given to the application of rapeseed products, meals in particular, in feed rations. Rapeseed meal contains protein, carbohydrates, fats, phospho-containing substances in a concentrated form, which expands the possibilities of the raw material base for the development of compound feed recipes that meet the requirements of complete nutrition for animals. The dosage of rapeseed meal (10%) introduction into the composition of compound feed for young rabbits based on the animals receiving nutrients in accordance with the existing feeding standards was substantiated in the work. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the obtained granulated feed was carried out on a clinically healthy livestock of rabbits in the amount of 60 heads, which were divided into 4 groups. The best indicators of meat productivity (slaughter yield 69.80%, meat index 4.40) were obtained with the introduction of the probiotic preparation "Probion - Forte" at a dosage of 0.5 g / kg of feed and rapeseed meal in an amount of 10% to the feed mass. The application of the developed complete granulated feed made it possible to achieve a high degree of the diet protein component concentration in the muscle tissue of experimental rabbits, which indicates a higher nutritional and biological value of the meat resources obtained.

scholarly journals HIGH PROTEIN FEED MARKET: CURRENT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (36) ◽  
pp. 359-368
Author(s):  
V. Petrychenko ◽  
V. Likhochvor ◽  
I. Voronetska ◽  
L. Fedoryshyna ◽  
I. Petrychenko
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Feed Protein ◽  
Protein Feed ◽  
The Eu

The research is devoted to the problem of formation of high-protein feeds market for farm animals in Ukraine in conditions of European integration processes. The problem of providing the population with high quality food is becoming more global, the demand for high protein food products of a good quality is growing as well as the need for protein-balanced feeds for livestock. The dynamics of high-protein feed production in Ukraine and EU countries has been studied. The tendencies of the high-protein feeds market formation in Ukraine are considered. By means of benchmarking, price trends in the protein feed market in the EU and Ukraine have been analyzed. Ukraine has favorable soil and climatic conditions for the production of quality, safe products as well as efficient logistic routes available. As a result of the study it was found that the key factor for Ukraine’s penetration into the EU feed market is the need for high-protein feeds. The directions of solving the problem of feed protein deficiency for the needs of animal husbandry are determined. Environmental problems regarding feed quality and safety in the context of Ukraine’s aspirations for European integration are substantiated. The legislative basis for ensuring the quality and safety of feed and feed resources is considered. As a result of SWOT-analysis of vegetable protein production in Ukraine, it was found that Ukraine has significant potential for the production of competitive feed protein that meets domestic needs, form high export potential and promote entry into European and Asian markets. It is emphasized that the process of Ukraine’s European integration requires constant marketing research of the sectoral situation changes with account of the specific features of domestic production of high-protein feeds, highlighting key factors of Ukraine’s presence and its potentialities in the EU agricultural market and outlining the prospects for its development. Increase in the performance of farm animals and margins of livestock production requires balanced diets and reduction of feed cost in the costs structure due to the use of high protein feeds. It is important for Ukraine to promote the development of the market for high-protein and bulk feeds on the industrial basis as well as the development of organic feed and livestock production. Development of the competitive feed market in Ukraine and solving of the environmental and social problems of intensive animal husbandry requires the improvement of legislation to meet the requirements of EU Directives on the production, processing and efficient use of feed resources.

scholarly journals WELL – KNOWN SCIENTIST-BIOLOGIST OF WORLD LEVEL (I. V. SMIRNOV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
A. P. Krugliak ◽  
T. O. Krugliak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Information ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

The purpose of the article is to light up scientific approaches and technological solutions that provided IV Smirnov's experimentally establish property of mammalian sperm to preserve biological value and genetic information after freezing at temperatures below -200C, to obtain normal offspring from frozen sperm. Research methods: general scientific, retrospective, source studies. The discovery of I. V. Smirnov became the basis of the scientific and technological revolution in the field of breeding and improvement of farm animals, contributed to the development of a new direction of research in the theory and practice of animal breeding, genetic methods of bulls valuation by genotype. Long-term storage of deep-frozen gametes in liquid nitrogen ensured efficient use of valuable animals, regardless of the country where they are kept, and time of use, which significantly increased the efficiency of selection. Thanks to the discovery of I. V. Smirnov, large-scale genotypic selection was introduced in many countries of the world, which was initiated by O. V. Garkavy (1928) and O. O. Serebrovsky (1934). Due to extensive use of the world's best gene pool of specialized dairy breeds, in Ukraine have highly productive domestic breeds of dairy cattle been created: Ukrainian red-and-white, black-and-white, red and brown dairy. The genetic potential of these breeds in breeding plants is 9–10 thousand kg of milk from cows per year, and in the public sector – 6–7 thousand kg, which is 3–4 times higher than the original breeds on which they were created. The use of deep-frozen sperm and embryos has become global.   Modern methods of biotechnology, freezing of gametes of other species of animals and embryo transplantation, in vitro fertilization, transgenic engineering, organ transplantation in medicine, etc. are based on IV Smyrnov's discovery. The world's most difficult problem is the preservation of the gene pool of farm animals and the biological diversity of wild fauna, also solved by this discovery. At present, in the sperm and embryo repositories are genetic information of prominent offspring and queens and embryos of commercial and endangered populations stored. The great scientist was an excellent teacher. He gave brilliant lectures to students, livestock specialists, formed his own school, trained many candidates and doctors of sciences, 3,500 highly qualified specialists and more than two thousand laboratory technicians. With his theoretical developments and their practical implementation IV Smirnov initiated a new direction and methods of scientific research in the field of biology, organizational forms of selection and reproduction of animals, which acquired planetary significance and became an indispensable heritage of mankind. His scientific heritage is one of the greatest discoveries of the human mind and is the pride of domestic zootechnics.

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