scholarly journals Characteristic of the mechanism of intellectual capital creation and use for domestic machine-building enterprises under the conditions of transition to knowledge economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
H. Nahorniak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Qualified Personnel

The vector of modern economy development is becoming more and more directed to the innovative way of development and the intellectual capital having direct impact on the countries competitiveness in the world market and are also new source of economic development based on knowledge. Development of the enterprise, society is based on the reproduction and expansion of material and non-material values which provide national economy growth. Intellectual capital is an important means. Intellectual capital is an important source of influence on competitiveness not only at the microlevel, but also meso – and macrolevels. Due to the generation of innovative products and technologies, improvement of technologies and business processes the intellectual capital can directly influence the national and world economy. Development of scientific and technical progress causes changes in working conditions, modify conditions and factors of economic activity. The value of the intellectual capital in industry constantly grows. Dramatic changes are needed in scientific and technical direction on the industry which demands highly qualified personnel. New professions, types of employment occur. The economic status of the enterprise depends on the fact how much highly qualified personnel are interested in the achieved result. The education level of the worker, his/her vocational training becomes a decisive factor of the enterprise economic growth All this is due to the fact that modern mechanical engineering industry, modernization of the enterprises requires qualified personnel as mistakes can result in large losses both financial and environmental. The carrier of the human capital has unique ability to perceive and transfer information. Reproduction of the human capital provides process of continuous restoration, forms, proportions, relations. From the economic point of view, human capital is interpreted as the production of human potential abilities making profit and the fact that the person is the carrier of economically significant qualities and abilities. The importance of the intellectual capital as the defining factor of economic growth and competitiveness of the enterprise and the country in general is socially substantiated. The economic essence and the main components of the intellectual capital of machine-building enterprise are considered. Definition of the concept «intellectual capital» under which the set of interdependent intellectual resources which steadily provide achievement of cost efficiency and strengthening of competitiveness of the enterprise is specified. Intellectual resources represent one of the types of economic resources comprising results of creative and intellectual work of people and also the organizational knowledge peculiar to this enterprise which can be used for long-term receiving of benefits and their sale. It is reasonable to divide the whole set of resources making the intellectual capital into two big groups of intellectual resources: resources of personnel and results of intellectual activity consisting of the results of intellectual activity and potential of business processes. In the component structure of intellectual capital an important role is played by the human capital without which further development of all its other components is impossibl. The main groups of influence on the structural elements of enterprise intellectual capital are considered.

Transformation of the intellectual capital structure and a growth in the significance of its components – human capital and intellectual property – in today's economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-758
Author(s):  
S.N. Larin ◽  
E.Yu. Khrustalev ◽  
N.V. Noakk
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Definition Of

Subject. Currently, as the global economy evolves, its innovative components should demonstrate a tendency of accelerated growth as intellectual capital, information technologies, increasing knowledge and digitization of mushrooming production processes. Nowadays, intellectual capital is one of the economic development drivers. However, the economic community is found to have no generally accepted wording of the concept, thus laying the basis for this article. Objectives. The study sums up the analysis of approaches used by the Russian and foreign economists to determining the economic substance of intellectual capital. We also identify the importance of human capital as its components and specify the definition of the concept. Methods. The article overviews and analyzes proceedings by the most renowned authors, which substantiate how the economic substance of intellectual capital should be unveiled, and suggest its definitions. Results. We specified the definition of intellectual capital concerning the current economic development. We suggest integrating a new component into intellectual capital, such as intellectual property, which includes products of intellectual activity and intangible assets. They can be owned by the entity or other legal entities and individuals, including some employees of the entity. Conclusions and Relevance. The specified definition of intellectual capital will help address issues of sustainable economic development and ensure the competitiveness of the Russian entities nationwide and worldwide, since it directly contributes to intellectual capital and its components.

scholarly journals INTELLECTUAL CONTENT OF GREEN GROWTH IN CONDITIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Dryhola ◽  
◽  
Alona Khlivitskaya ◽  
Daria Vydai ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Organizational Capital ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Intellectual Content ◽  
Stage Of Development

The article is devoted to the analysis of the essence of the intellectual content of green growth in the framework of the global course of mankind for sustainable development. The gradual transition in scientific works from information economy and knowledge economy to intellectual economy, which is characterized by directing human intellectual activity to environmentally friendly activities aimed at achieving global goals of sustainable development, has been analyzed. It has been noted that the intellectual economy is the foundation of green growth and the importance of knowledge, skills, theoretical and practical competencies, creativity, which act as a driver of development of green sectors of the economy has been highlighted. It has been determined that there are nine types of human capital, of which the intellectual plays a leading role at the present stage of development of socio-economic processes. In the conditions of building a green economy, capital acquires green features, which is manifested through green intellectual capital, the main components of which are green human capital, green organizational capital and green relational capital. The interaction of green human and green organizational capital forms green relational capital, which is expressed in the form of green jobs, inclusiveness and gender equality. It has been noted that in the long run the development of green intellectual capital leads to the effect of decoupling, which is manifested in the gap between indicators of economic prosperity and environmental degradation. That is why strategies for the development of green intellectual capital should be the basis for the development of countries around the world to achieve global goals of sustainable development in terms of green growth.

scholarly journals EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF INTELLECTUAL MIGRATION IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
A. Belozorova ◽  
N. Korovina
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Main Motive ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The article examines the relationship between educational and intellectual migration on the example of Ukraine. It is noted that usually educational migration is considered as a separate form of migration, it is associated with the stage of formation and accumulation of intellectual potential. While intellectual migration, traditionally understood as the relocation of workers of intellectual labor and creative intelligentsia, is associated with the stage of use of intellectual capital. Therefore, these two streams have so far been considered separately. In order to better understand the current role of educational migration, the processes of departure of Ukrainian students abroad and receiving educational services by foreign students in the domestic economy are considered. The paper also identifies the main directions and scales of educational migration flows in the country. The role of universities as institutions for attracting the intellectual potential of foreign countries to recipient countries in order to increase their competitiveness in the further development of the knowledge economy in the global dimension is substantiated. Based on the analysis of assessments of the causes and factors of the outflow of young people from Ukraine to study, it is substantiated that the quality of education is not the main value that students are looking for. It is found that in the current conditions of economic, political and military crisis, their main motive is emigration to a permanent place of residence in more politically stable and economically successful countries. The existence of a serious problem of lack of proper methods of data collection and statistical analysis in the field of educational and intellectual migration is emphasized, the data of official statistics are incomplete and do not reflect the whole picture of educational and intellectual migration. The benefits of educational immigration are identified and described, as well as the losses of the Ukrainian economy from the outflow of intellectual capital in the form of educational migration and the departure of highly qualified personnel. It is concluded that to change the situation it requires an effective migration policy, which should include the interests of the country's economy based on the acquired knowledge of migrants obtained abroad. The ultimate goal should be the introduction of an effective mechanism for the free movement of migrants and the transformation of irreversible emigration into temporary, because stopping migration in the context of globalization is an impossible phenomenon.

scholarly journals Intangible Assets and Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Okumoko Tubo Pearce ◽  
Cookey Ibeinmo Friday ◽  
Question Emomotimi Mcdonald
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Impact

This work examines the impact of intangible assets on economic growth in Nigeria, using time series data from 1990 to 2019. Relevant theoretical and empirical literatures were reviewed. Government expenditure on research and development, intellectual capital proxied by human capital stock, intellectual property and service sector employment were regressed as independent variables against the real GDP (proxy for economic growth) as the dependent variable. Secondary data were used for this work. The ARDL bound test was adopted in estimating the model. We discovered that government expenditure on R&D, intellectual capital and intellectual property do not have significant relationship with economic growth proxied by RGDP; meanwhile service sector employment had a significant relationship with economic growth in Nigeria. Also, government expenditure on R&D; and service sector employment were rightly signed; while intellectual capital and intellectual property were not rightly signed. This implies that when government increases its expenditure on R&D, it will result to economic growth, so also service sector employment in the long-run. Meanwhile, an increase in intellectual capital and intellectual property will reduce RGDP. We therefore propose that government should upgrade its spending on R&D so as to boost intellectual capital and property. The government should also create employment for the stock of human capital. Finally, government institutions such as producers’ protection agencies should be empowered to protect intellectual properties in Nigeria.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE MARKETING COMPLEX OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Olena Moroz ◽  
Kostiantyn Latyshev ◽  
Oksana Zbyrannyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Marketing Environment ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Satisfaction Of Needs ◽  
Simple Reduction

This article considers the issues on improvement of marketing complex of industrial enterprise, with the purpose of stabilization of its activity and strengthening of competitive positions. It is proposed to improve the activities of industrial enterprises on the basis of the formation of measures that will ensure the current support of domestic enterprises in difficult economic conditions. One of the ways of improving the performance of the company is to change the model “4P” into a model of marketing complex “5P” and use personnel (“Personal”) as one of the tools. On the basis of the conducted research the influence of external environment factors was evaluated on the basis of the model of the marketing complex “4P”. As a result, it was found that the surveyed company has low competitive advantages, but these competitive advantages may not be valid without preservation of highly qualified personnel, because of the instability of the activities of the company, constant differences in production, simple, reduction of workers or voluntary migration of manpower and as a result of the loss of highly qualified workers and the position of the leader in the field of machine building. The evolution of the marketing complex depending on the influence of factors of the marketing environment is examined. The application of the marketing complex not only contributes to satisfaction of needs of potential organizations in the framework of target markets, but also allows maximizing the efficiency of industrial enterprises’ activity. Practical relevance of the research carried out in the article lies in the fact that using recommendations and directions of upgrading the marketing complex of industrial enterprise will ensure stabilization of its activity on the market due to the influence of regressive external factors.

scholarly journals Education Is an Important Factor of Human Capital Development in Rural Territories

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 08006
Author(s):  
Svetlana Golovina ◽  
Lidia Smirnova ◽  
Aleksey Ruchkin
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
The One ◽  
Capital Development

The article presents conceptual ideas concerning the state of the lifelong learning system of direct relevance to domestic (Russian) rural areas. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and summarizing the various points of view of scientists and practitioners on this issue, first, it reveals some reasons for the current disproportions in the labor market (unemployment on the one hand, and the lack of specialists on the other hand) and not quite effective operation of institutional structures of all types of education (general, vocational, additional), second, it specifies the main directions of educational reforms, the implementation of which will provide rural areas with highly qualified specialists. The conclusion is made that the current conditions, the structure of the education system, supplying qualified personnel for the domestic rural space, do not adequately provide the rural economy with the human capital of the quality demanded.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF LOSS HUMAN CAPITAL AND COMBATING THIS CHALLENGE OF UKRAINIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (39) ◽  
pp. 559-569
Author(s):  
D. Svyrydenko ◽  
N. Hots ◽  
I. Kovtun ◽  
L. Panchenko ◽  
R. Semeniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel

Abstract. The loss of human capital is a significant projected loss for the country's economy. Higher education must analyze the challenges, maintain the quality of human capital at the level necessary for the functioning of the economy, and train professionals in a permanent crisis. The multi-vector nature of the crisis leads to a negative multiplier effect of the influence of external and internal factors on the level of human capital of the country in all institutional categories, so these challenges are emerging given their systemic nature. This primarily applies to the institute of higher education. The formation of a relevant response to the challenges of loss of human capital is not only a guarantee of the proper functioning of higher education, but also guarantees the success of its functioning for economic transformation in the country. The analytical study revealed economic losses from external migration of highly qualified personnel, reduction of the country's economic potential from the outflow of specialists. The narrowing of the base of high-quality reproduction of qualified personnel, the factor of disproportion in the financing of higher education and the reproduction of highly qualified personnel from budgetary sources and the growth of the share of self-financing were revealed. The analysis proved the inconsistency of the quality of the staff to the number of employees of higher education in the regions and the disproportion of the teaching staff with academic ranks. A study of the number of graduate students indicates that the disparity in quality will increase as there is a tendency to lose scientific schools in the regions. Weaknesses of higher education have been identified. To reduce the negative impact of this factor on the quality of human capital and, indirectly, on the country's economy, there is the urgent need to optimize public funding of human capital; to create regional funds for financing higher education, formascientific schools in the regions to eliminate regional disparities in training. Proposals for a policy of investing in human capital at all qualification levels have been developed, taking into account the effectiveness of such investments and also to stabilize the socio-economic situation in the country. The directions of forming the answer of higher school to the challenges of the economic crisis of the country are offered. Keywords: higher education, human capital, economic losses, integrated indicators, analytical research. JEL Classification I25, J24, J62, J82 Formulas: 0; fig.: 6; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 20.

scholarly journals HUMAN CAPITAL OF UKRAINE IN GLOBAL RANKINGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Mariia Agafonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Global Ranking ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The World ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The City

This paper presents the research on human capital in the global ranking studies and determining the place of Ukraine and the city of Kyiv in them in terms of human capital indicators, in order to increase the efficiency of using human capital and achieve competitiveness in this field. International rankings are an important tool for positioning countries and cities in the international arena and allow an objective assessment of the level of compe­titiveness of Ukraine and, in particular, the city of Kyiv in comparison with other countries and cities of the world. The author analyzes human capital development using global ranking studies such as the Institute for Management Development (IMD) Smart City Index, IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking, and IMD World Talent Ranking. With the help of these studies, the author examines: the ranking position of Kyiv among other cities in the world by the Smart city index; the scores of Kyiv among European cities on the level of IT skills at schools; the accessibility level to go to schools providing high quality education of the vast majority of Kyiv pupils among other European cities; Ukraine's place in the world on the sub-factor "teaching and education" during 2015-2019; Ukraine's place in the world on the criteria of "graduates in the field of ICT, mechanical engineering, mathematics and natural sciences" during 2018-2019; as well as Ukraine's place in the world on the sub-factor "concentration of science" during 2015-2019. To assess the development, involvement, and retention of highly qualified specialists in Ukraine, Ukraine's ratings were monitored for the following factors: investment and development (the amount of allocated resources for the cultivation of its own human capital), attractiveness (the degree of involvement of local and foreign talents) and readiness (the quality of skills and competencies available to the country) during 2011-2019. The research makes leads to the following conclusions: the competitive advantages of human capital development in Ukraine include the amount of resources allocated for the cultivation of its own human capital; the level of education and training in Ukraine in general and the city of Kyiv in particular, as well as the productivity of R&D in publications; the competitive weaknesses include the lack of a motivational component, as well as the recruitment and retention of highly qualified personnel, and, as a result, a significant level of "brain drain" abroad. In order to use human capital effectively, Ukraine should attract highly qualified workers to the R&D field as soon as possible. It is extremely important and, unfortunately, almost underdeveloped in Ukraine to motivate their activities, borrowing the experience of developed countries. In this case, the country will get rid of such a significant level of outflow of qualified personnel abroad, will concentrate more quickly on the production of science-intensive high-tech products, and will become competitive in the field of human capital and high technologies.

scholarly journals INVESTING IN HUMAN CAPITAL AS A COMPONENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina Bazilyuk ◽  
Viktoriia Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Responsible Investment ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Corporate Social

The article considers investing in human capital as a component of corporate social responsibility (hereinafter CSR). It is studied that human capital is the main strategic resource of any enterprise, and an extremely important component of intangible assets. The concept of corporate social responsibility for investing in human capital is highlighted. The essence of investments in human capital and their features are considered. The benefits of investing in human capital for the state, enterprise and employee. The research carried out by the center "Development of corporate social responsibility" is analyzed. The tendencies of introduction of corporate social responsibility at the enterprises of Ukraine are investigated. The essence of such concepts as "corporate social responsibility" and "human capital" is revealed. Modern problems of socially responsible investment development in Ukraine are outlined. The advantages of introduction of corporate social responsibility for economic growth of the enterprise and economy as a whole are defined. The analysis of scientific works and research shows that the problems of investing in human capital are studied by many domestic and foreign economists. It has been proven that investing in human capital is one of the key components of corporate social responsibility. Ways to increase the effective use of human capital in the business entity to obtain high results and motivate productivity, they can be: taking online courses, which will help improve skills without leaving the production; increase work motivation; investment by the company in human capital. With the help of these tools, the company will be provided with highly qualified personnel and will increase its competitiveness in market conditions. It is established that it is necessary to stimulate enterprises to introduce corporate social responsibility, because this is a concept that does not immediately, but over time provides additional financial benefits. Corporate social responsibility minimizes the non-financial risks that an enterprise may incur. It directly affects financial performance and competitiveness, but in the long run.

scholarly journals Strategies for socially responsible recruitment at Ukrainian enterprises under European integration

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kseniya Kotlyarevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Social ◽  
A Company

The current situation at Ukrainian enterprises is characterized by fail to meet the requirements of socially responsible nature, which is one of the economic crisis factors (lack of trust between employer and employees, transparency in conducting business processes and low level of responsibility resulted in economic disequilibrium). Therefore, a company must apply the social responsibility principles in strategic planning. The success of any enterprise depends largely on the quality and quantity of human resources. A significant competitive advantage that the company has over its competitors is the quality of talented and qualified professionals, which the company was able to attract to work. In order for recruitment to be more effective, it is necessary to apply methods of evaluating candidates that will allow to give a comprehensive conclusion about the quality and compliance with the requirements for an employee in a particular position. The issue of hiring highly qualified personnel is more relevant than ever before in Ukraine, especially in the conditions of developing social responsibility of business. The article deals with the social responsibility of enterprises, the features of socially responsible hiring of personnel and the expediency of its practical use. The main elements of socially responsible recruitment of personnel are analyzed, social responsibility directions are developed in personnel management, and elements for developing the strategy for socially responsible hiring are proposed.

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