scholarly journals Isolation and biochemical characterization of probiotic bacteria obtained from yogurt samples of Rajshahi and Chittagong divisions of Bangladesh and their antimicrobial activity against enteric pathogens

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
KM Hossain ◽  
P Barai ◽  
SMM Rahman ◽  
MF Al Mazid ◽  
MS Gazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Excellent Growth ◽  
Technological Intervention ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Carbohydrate Fermentation

Probiotics are generally live microorganisms which exert beneficial effects on human and animal health by improving the gastrointestinal microflora. Isolation and proper identification of probiotic bacteria are very much important for safe use in food and feed industry. With this perceptive, the aim of the present study was the isolation of probiotic bacteria and their biochemical characterization. In this study, ten probiotic Lactobacillus spp. was isolated and according to their morphological, physiological and biochemical assay, it was observed that all the isolated bacteria were rod shaped, gram positive, catalase negative, non-motile and coagulase positive which are an indicator of typical probiotic bacteria. Carbohydrate fermentation pattern and growth against inhibitory substances viz. pH 3.0, 0.3% bile, 0.1-0.4% phenol and 1-6% NaCl ensured the criteria for identification of the probiotic bacteria. All the isolated bacteria showed excellent growth against low pH (3.0) and bile (0.3%) in a 24 hour period of time. Isolated bacteria were tested for their antimicrobial activity against eight human and animal enteric pathogens and showed promising antimicrobial efficacy against the selective pathogens. Further research regarding, molecular characterization and identification of specific genes and proteins of interest through technological intervention may help to develop next generation bacteriocins and industrially important drug for human and animals. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 142-152, 2018

Aflatoxin B1 Binding by a Mixture of Lactobacillus and Propionibacterium: In Vitro Versus Ex Vivo

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2470-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GRATZ ◽  
H. MYKKÄNEN ◽  
H. EL-NEZAMI
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Uptake ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Food And Feed

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a well-known carcinogen and reducing its bioavailability is of great interest for human and animal health. Several probiotic bacteria are able to bind AFB1 in vitro, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC-705 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii JS. A mixture of these two probiotics is used by the food and feed industry as biopreservative (Bioprofit), making it a promising candidate for future applications. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the in vitro and ex vivo ability of this probiotic mixture to bind AFB1. For in vitro experiments, probiotic mixture was suspended in an AFB1 solution (5 μM), incubated for 1 to 30 min, centrifuged, and AFB1 residues were quantitated in supernatant and pellet. For ex vivo experiments, duodenal loops of chicks were ligated and injected with either AFB1 solution alone or probiotic mixture suspension and AFB1 solution. Lumen content was centrifuged and AFB1 was quantitated in supernatant and pellet. Additionally, AFB1 was extracted from duodenal tissue to calculate tissue uptake. In vitro, 57 to 66% of AFB1 was removed from the solution by the probiotic mixture, but only 38 to 47% could be extracted from the bacterial surface. In ex vivo experiments, only up to 25% of AFB1 was bound by bacteria, and tissue uptake of AFB1 was significantly reduced when probiotic bacteria were present in the duodenal loop. Furthermore, the effect of intestinal mucus on the bacterial binding ability was investigated in vitro and was found to significantly reduce AFB1 binding by the probiotic mixture. However, probiotic mixture could only retard but not prevent AFB1 absorption in duodenal loops. Further work needs to assess the potential of probiotics in different experimental setups.

scholarly journals The Application of Pollen as a Functional Food and Feed Ingredient—The Present and Perspectives

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Ž. Kostić ◽  
Danijel D. Milinčić ◽  
Miroljub B. Barać ◽  
Mohammad Ali Shariati ◽  
Živoslav Lj. Tešić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Animal Growth ◽  
Further Development

Pollen is recognized as an excellent dietary supplement for human nutrition, which is why it can be found in different forms on the market (granules, capsules, tablets, pellets, and powders). But, the digestibility of pollen’s nutrients is strongly affected by the presence of a pollen shell, which can decrease the bioavailability of nutrients by 50% and more. Since consumers have become more aware of the benefits of a healthy diet and the necessity to improve pollen digestibility, different pollen-based functional food products have been developed and extensive studies were done to estimate the beneficial effects of pollen-based feed on animal growth, health, and rigor mortise stage. Considering the positive effects of pollen nutrients and phytometabolites on human and animal health, the aim of this paper was to give an overview of recent achievements in the application of pollen in the formulation of functional food and animal diets. Special attention was paid to the effects of pollen’s addition on the nutritional, functional, techno-functional, and sensory properties of the new formulated food products. Anti-nutritional properties of pollen were also discussed. This review points out the benefits of pollen addition to food and feed and the possible directions in the further development of functional food and feed for the wellbeing of everyone.

Potential Pharmaceutical and Food Applications of Postbiotics: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 1576-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz H. Rad ◽  
Amin Abbasi ◽  
Hossein S. Kafil ◽  
Khudaverdi Ganbarov
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Safe Product ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Bioactive Agents

In recent decades, functional foods with ingredients comprising probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics have been gaining a lot of attention from scientists. Probiotics and postbiotics are usually applied in pharmaceutical formulations and/or commercial food-based products. These bioactive agents can be associated with host eukaryotic cells and have a key role in maintaining and restoring host health. The review describes the concept of postbiotics, their quality control and potential applications in pharmaceutical formulations and commercial food-based products for health promotion, prevention of disease and complementary treatment. Despite the effectiveness of probiotic products, researchers have introduced the concept of postbiotic to optimize their beneficial effects as well as to meet the needs of consumers to provide a safe product. The finding of recent studies suggests that postbiotics might be appropriate alternative agents for live probiotic cells and can be applied in medical, veterinary and food practice to prevent and to treat some diseases, promote animal health status and develop functional foods. Presently scientific literature confirms that postbiotics, as potential alternative agents, may have superiority in terms of safety relative to their parent live cells, and due to their unique characteristics in terms of clinical, technological and economical aspects, can be applied as promising tools in the drug and food industry for developing health benefits, and therapeutic aims.

Microencapsulation: A Prospective to Protect Probiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam Zam
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Selection Of

Probiotics are viable microorganisms widely used for their claimed beneficial effects on the host health. A wide number of researchers proved that the intake of probiotic bacteria has numerous health benefits which created a big market of probiotic foods worldwide. The biggest challenge in the development of these products is to maintain the viability of bacterial cells during the storage of the product as well as throughout the gastrointestinal tract transit after consumption, so that the claimed health benefits can be delivered to the consumer. Different approaches have been proposed for increasing the resistance of these sensitive microorganisms, including the selection of resistant strains, incorporation of micronutrients, and most recently the use of microencapsulation techniques. Microencapsulation has resulted in enhancing the viability of these microorganisms which allows its wide use in the food industry. In this review, the most common techniques used for microencapsulation of probiotics will be presented, as well as the most usual microcapsule shell materials.

scholarly journals Probiotics as a Possible Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Allergies. A Narrative Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Aroa Lopez-Santamarina ◽  
Esther Gonzalez Gonzalez ◽  
Alexandre Lamas ◽  
Alicia del Carmen Mondragon ◽  
Patricia Regal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria

Allergies are an increasing global public health concern, especially for children and people living in urban environments. Allergies impair the quality of life of those who suffer from them, and for this reason, alternatives for the treatment of allergic diseases or reduction in their symptoms are being sought. The main objective of this study was to compile the studies carried out on probiotics as a possible therapy for allergies. The most studied allergies on which probiotics have been shown to have a beneficial effect are rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Most studies have studied the administration of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. in children and have shown beneficial effects, such as a reduction in hyperreactivity and inflammation caused by allergens and a decrease in cytokine release, among other beneficial effects. In the case of children, no clear beneficial effects were found in several studies, and the potential risk from the use of some opportunistic bacteria, such as probiotics, seems controversial. In the studies that reported beneficial results, these effects were found to make allergy symptoms less aggressive, thus reducing morbidity in allergy sufferers. The different effects of the same probiotic bacteria on different patients seem to reinforce the idea that the efficacy of probiotics is dependent on the microbial species or strain, its derived metabolites and byproducts, and the gut microbiota eubiosis of the patient. This study is relevant in the context of allergic diseases, as it provides a broader understanding of new alternatives for the treatment of allergies, both in children, who are the main sufferers, and adults, showing that probiotics, in some cases, reduce the symptoms and severity of such diseases.

scholarly journals Mycotoxin Analysis: New Proposals for Sample Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares ◽  
José F. Huertas-Pérez ◽  
Ana M. García-Campaña ◽  
Laura Gámiz-Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Food Commodities

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by different fungi, with different chemical structures. Mycotoxins contaminate food, feed, or raw materials used in their production and cause diseases and disorders in humans and livestock. Because of their great variety of toxic effects and their extreme heat resistance, the presence of mycotoxins in food and feed is considered a high risk to human and animal health. In order to ensure food quality and health consumers, European legislation has set maximum contents of some mycotoxins in different matrices. However, there are still some food commodities susceptible to fungal contamination, which were not contemplated in this legislation. In this context, we have developed new analytical techniques for the multiclass determination of mycotoxins in a great variety of food commodities (some of them scarcely studied), such as cereals, pseudocereals, cereal syrups, nuts, edible seeds, and botanicals. Considering the latest technical developments, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry has been chosen as an efficient, fast, and selective powerful analytical technique. In addition, alternative sample treatments based on emerging methodologies, such as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and QuEChERS, have been developed, which allow an increased efficiency and sample throughput, as well as reducing contaminant waste.

scholarly journals An Overview of Metabolic Activity, Beneficial and Pathogenic Aspects of Burkholderia Spp

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Hazem S. Elshafie ◽  
Ippolito Camele
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Rhizosphere Competence

Burkholderia is an important bacterial species which has different beneficial effects, such as promoting the plant growth, including rhizosphere competence for the secretion of allelochemicals, production of antibiotics, and siderophores. In addition, most of Burkholderia species have demonstrated promising biocontrol action against different phytopathogens for diverse crops. In particular, Burkholderia demonstrates significant biotechnological potential as a source of novel antibiotics and bioactive secondary metabolites. The current review is concerned with Burkholderia spp. covering the following aspects: discovering, classification, distribution, plant growth promoting effect, and antimicrobial activity of different species of Burkholderia, shedding light on the most important secondary metabolites, their pathogenic effects, and biochemical characterization of some important species of Burkholderia, such as B. cepacia, B. andropogonis, B. plantarii, B. rhizoxinica, B. glumae, B. caryophylli and B. gladioli.

scholarly journals Probiotic Bifunctionality of Bacillus subtilis—Rescuing Lactic Acid Bacteria from Desiccation and Antagonizing Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadar Kimelman ◽  
Moshe Shemesh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacterium ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Live probiotic bacteria obtained with food are thought to have beneficial effects on a mammalian host, including their ability to reduce intestinal colonization by pathogens. To ensure the beneficial effects, the probiotic cells must survive processing and storage of food, its passage through the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and subsequent chemical ingestion processes until they reach their target organ. However, there is considerable loss of viability of the probiotic bacteria during the drying process, in the acidic conditions of the stomach, and in the high bile concentration in the small intestine. Bacillus subtilis, a spore-forming probiotic bacterium, can effectively maintain a favorable balance of microflora in the GIT. B. subtilis produces a protective extracellular matrix (ECM), which is shared with other probiotic bacteria; thus, it was suggested that this ECM could potentially protect an entire community of probiotic cells against unfavorable environmental conditions. Consequently, a biofilm-based bio-coating system was developed that would enable a mutual growth of B. subtilis with different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) through increasing the ECM production. Results of the study demonstrate a significant increase in the survivability of the bio-coated LAB cells during the desiccation process and passage through the acidic environment. Thus, it provides evidence about the ability of B. subtilis in rescuing the desiccation-sensitive LAB, for instance, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, from complete eradication. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the antagonistic potential of the mutual probiotic system against pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The data show that the cells of B. subtilis possess robust anti-biofilm activity against S. aureus through activating the antimicrobial lipopeptide production pathway.

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