scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON DUCK SALMONELLOSIS IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
R. K. Dey ◽  
M. S. R. Khan ◽  
K. H. M. N. H. Nazir ◽  
M. A. Islam ◽  
S. M. S. H. Belal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The study was performed with a view to collect epidemiological data to proper control of Duck Salmonellosis in Bangladesh. A total of 12 small to medium sized duck farms and 28 individual households were visited for data collection.  On the basis of history and clinical signs and as per the information provided by the farmers the prevalence rate of Duck Salmonellosis was recorded as 38.1% and the P value was calculated as 0.003 (p<0.01) which was noted as highly significant. Based on tentative occurrences of Duck Salmonellosis as per information taken from the structured questionnaire a total of 120 fecal samples were collected from apparently healthy and diseased ducks on the basis of age, sex, season, location and health status. The isolated bacteria were identified by studying cultural properties on different selective media, biochemical tests, and finally by PCR. The test results of cultural and biochemical exhibited the typical characteristics of bacteria. On the basis of their cultural and biochemical characteristics it was found that among 120 fecal samples 32 (26.67%) were found to be positive for Salmonella and the P value was recorded as 0.0019 (p<0.01) which was also considered as highly significant. In motility test Duck Salmonella were identified as motile and all tested Duck Salmonella showed indole and VP test negative with MR test positive. In PCR reaction, the organism was further confirmed as Salmonella species using the SAL-G primer. Results of antibiotic susceptibility test shows that the selected isolated Salmonella were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, intermediate sensitive to tobramycin and gentamicin and resistant to Oxacillin. 

Clinical acceptance of a multi-test reference region for biochemical-panel results.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1724-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
T C Durbridge
Keyword(s):  
Signal Strength ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reference Region ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Practical Advantage ◽  
Hospital Inpatients ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Results of a panel of six biochemical tests on a patient's specimen were mathematically combined into a "six-test signal strength" (STSS) value. This value indicated the overall extent of change from physiological results, and it was calculated in a way that ensured that a STSS value less than or equal to 1 occurred in 95% of apparently healthy people. STSS was reported with the test results for hospital inpatients during a four-month trial period. Doctors requested a repeat of the panel less often when a low STSS was reported, even if some test results were outside their separate reference intervals. Clinicians expressed differing opinions about its usefulness, some finding that a high STSS value had saved them from overlooking abnormal results, others not finding the value to be any practical advantage. Using a multi-test normal region resolves a statistical dilemma, while compounding the problem of knowing what results really mean.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serological Indicators for Toxoplasma, Rubella Virus and Cytomegalovirus Infections in Pregnant Women Applied to Our Hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Çubuk ◽  
Mürşit Hasbek ◽  
Ayşe Hümeyra Taşkın Kafa ◽  
Cem Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infections

Objective: Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are important infectious agents that can be transmitted vertically from mother to baby, and can cause clinical signs in the fetus and the newborn. In our study, it was aimed to determine the distribution of antibodies against T. gondii, Rubella and CMV in pregnant women applied to our hospital. Method: In our study, the serological test results of the blood samples of pregnant women used in the diagnosis of T. gondii, Rubella and CMV infections in Microbiology Laboratory of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, were retrospectively analyzed in a two-year period between 2018 and 2019. Results: The positivity rates were determined to be 26.7% for T. gondii IgG, 87.9% for Rubella virus IgG and 99% for CMV IgG. While IgM test positivities for the same pathogens were 1.3%, 0.3%, and 0.7%, respectively. Low avidity results were encountered in 4 patients (22.2%) for T. gondii, whereas the results of all examined tests for Rubella and CMV were found to have high avidity. Conclusion: Regional epidemiological data are important to determine routine screening approach or infectious agents that will be more important for the newborn. We think that we will contribute to the literature with our study based on regional data.

Agreement between Two Commonly Used Pulp Tests in Determining Pulp Vitality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tazeen Zehra
Keyword(s):  
Cold Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Tingling Sensation ◽  
Pulp Vitality

Background: The pulp tissue is confined within hard tissue boundaries and cannot be examined directly for health evaluation. Hence, its assessment is usually based on sensibility tests. Accurate diagnosis of the pulpal status requires evaluation with combination of sensibility tests. The objective of this study was to assess the mutual agreement between the electric pulp test and cold test in determining pulp vitality. Methods: Total 106 patients, aged 18 to 30 years, attending the dental OPD of Operative Dentistry/Endodontics department; Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi were selected for the study. The cold and electric pulp tests were used to determine the presence or absence of tingling sensation. Teeth were marked as vital in presence and non-vital in absence of any tingling or painful response. Agreement between these two tests was calculated using SPSS-18. To calculate the mean and standard deviation, descriptive statistics were applied for quantitative variables. For qualitative variables, frequencies and percentages were calculated. Kappa statistics was applied for agreement between electric pulp and cold test. Results: The cold test showed that 70.8% of the teeth were vital and 29.2% were necrotic. The electrical pulp test showed that 74.5% were vital and 25.5% were necrotic. The outcome showed 83.0% agreement between the tests; with kappa value of 0.574 which provided sufficient agreement with p-value=0.000. Conclusion: There was a high agreement found between the cold test and electric pulp test. Assessment of pulp vitality would be more accurate when EPT and Endo frost are used in combination.

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

Porcine teschovirus, sapelovirus, and enterovirus in Swiss pigs: multiplex RT-PCR investigation of viral frequencies and disease association

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110258
Author(s):  
Tamara Stäubli ◽  
Charlotte I. Rickli ◽  
Paul R. Torgerson ◽  
Cornel Fraefel ◽  
Julia Lechmann
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Porcine Teschovirus ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
Pathology Data

Porcine teschovirus (PTV), sapelovirus (PSV-A), and enterovirus (EV-G) are enteric viruses that can infect pigs and wild boars worldwide. The viruses have been associated with several diseases, primarily gastrointestinal, neurologic, reproductive, and respiratory disorders, but also with subclinical infections. However, for most serotypes, proof of a causal relationship between viral infection and clinical signs is still lacking. In Switzerland, there has been limited investigation of the occurrence of the 3 viruses. We used a modified multiplex reverse-transcription PCR protocol to study the distribution of the viruses in Swiss pigs by testing 363 fecal, brain, and placental or abortion samples from 282 healthy and diseased animals. We did not detect the 3 viruses in 94 placental or abortion samples or in 31 brain samples from healthy pigs. In brain tissue of 81 diseased pigs, we detected 5 PSV-A and 4 EV-G positive samples. In contrast, all 3 viruses were detected at high frequencies in fecal samples of both healthy and diseased pigs. In healthy animals, PTV was detected in 47%, PSV-A in 51%, and EV-G in 70% of the 76 samples; in diseased animals, frequencies in the 81 samples were 54%, 64%, and 68%, respectively. The viruses were detected more frequently in fecal samples from weaned and fattening pigs compared to suckling piglets and sows. Co-detections of all 3 viruses were the most common finding. Based on clinical and pathology data, statistical analysis yielded no evidence for an association of virus detection and disease. Further research is required to determine if pathogenicity is linked to specific serotypes of these viruses.

scholarly journals Identification of Polyomaviruses in Skin Cancers

Intervirology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Pedro V.A. Costa ◽  
Patricia S. Ishiy ◽  
Paulo R.P. Urbano ◽  
Camila M. Romano ◽  
Stephen K. Tyring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Skin Carcinogenesis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Skin Tumour

Background: Polyomaviruses (PyVs) were initially described in animals. They have also been detected in humans with some evidence that could play a role in skin carcinogenesis. Objectives: This study aimed to verify the presence of PyVs in different skin tumour samples and to make clinical correlations with patients’ epidemiological data from Clinics Hospital of Medical School of University of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A random selection was performed of 120 patients with histopathological exams of different cutaneous neoplasms equally divided into 6 groups and 20 patients with normal skin. The available skin specimens were analysed with 2 different techniques of PCR (conventional and real time) for detection of PyV DNA. Concomitantly, retrospective analysis of the respective medical records for the collection of epidemiological data was done. Analyses suitable for categorical data were used to compare the proportion of patients in each group. Results: PyV DNA was found in 25.69% of the samples: 15% in basal cell carcinoma group, 15% in squamous cell carcinoma, 28.57% in melanoma, 15% in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, 13.33% in Kaposi sarcoma, 65% in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), and none in normal skin. Merkel cell PyV detection was statistically significant in MCC patients (p value <0.01), but no correlations were found between PyVs and others skin tumours. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the presence of PyVs in different skin tumours; however, no association of any PyVs found in any skin tumour with epidemiological data could be shown. Further studies are still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of PyVs in skin carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Experimental infection of broiler chicks with Salmonella Typhimurium from pigeon (Columba livia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1919
Author(s):  
Átilla Holanda de Albuquerque ◽  
Régis Siqueira de Castro Teixeira ◽  
Débora Nishi Machado ◽  
Elisângela De Souza Lopes ◽  
Ruben Horn Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Fecal Samples

Several cases of animal and human salmonellosis caused by the Salmonella serotype Typhimurium have been reported. In animals, subclinical infection favors pathogen dissemination through feces. In this context, the domestic pigeon (Columba livia) with an asymptomatic condition may play an important role in the transmission of salmonellosis, through the elimination of contaminated feces in commercial aviaries or in poultry feed facilities, causing economic losses to the poultry industry and presenting a risk to public health. This study aimed to evaluate the mortality, clinical signs and the presence of Salmonella Typhimurium in the feces and organs of chicks previously inoculated with bacteria isolated from a pigeon. One-day-old chicks were distributed in two experimental groups (G1 and G2) of 32 birds each, and a control group of six birds. Two inocula of 0.4 and 0.7 mL with 105 and 106 colony forming units were used in G1 and G2 birds, respectively. At 1, 4, 7 and 14 days post-inoculation (dpi) fecal samples were pooled from each cage and individual cloacal swabs were collected. At 14 dpi, all chicks were euthanized and samples were collected from the liver, spleen, lung, cecum and intestine for microbiological analysis. Mortality was only observed among G2 birds (6.25%). Most birds presented clinical signs of diarrhea at 4 dpi and no symptom as observed at 14 dpi. The results from cloacal swabs demonstrated bacterial elimination in 68.8% and 53.1% of G2 and G1 birds, respectively at 1 dpi. Additionally, fecal samples had elevated bacterial shedding in all four periods of observation , with a higher excretion at 4 dpi (62.5%) for both groups. Among G2 birds, 74.2% were positive for the pathogen in the intestine; G1 birds presented the lowest rate of lung infection (29%), and both groups had more than 50% positivity for liver and caeca. The results revealed that infected chicks with a Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from pigeons may host the pathogen in several organs, and simultaneously present diarrheic disorders with significant levels of bacterial excretion in feces.

HUBUNGAN INTELEGENSI DENGAN PERILAKU NERS TINGKAT II STIKES SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Imelda Derang
Keyword(s):  
Student Nurses ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intelligence Level ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

Intelligence is the ability to apply the knowledge and experiences that have been gained into the effort tasks are challenging and flexible book. Behaviour is an action that involves aspects of affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. Goal: This study aims to determine the relationship between the behavior of student nurses intelligence level II STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan. Method: This study uses correlation with cross sectional design. The study population was all students / i Ners Level II STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan as 65. The samples used were 65 respondents, the sampling technique in this research is using purposive sampling. The instrument of this study using questionnaire and observation sheets by using product moment test person. Result: Intelligence students as many as 30 people (46.2%) classified as having an average level of intelligence. A total of 32 people (49.2%) classified as well-behaved students. Person product moment test results obtained p value = 0.172 where a significant level of p> 0.05 so that this value proves that the absence of a relationship between the behavior of student nurses intelligence level II STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan. Conclusion: Recommended for institutions, motivating students in balancing the behavior and intelligence. 

ROLE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCAN IN POST-COVID SINO-NASAL MUCORMYCOSIS WITH CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CORELATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Srijit Saha ◽  
Aarti Anand ◽  
Debraj Saha
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
P Value ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

Ÿ OBJECTIVE: Ÿ To evaluate the spectrum of radiological ndings in post-COVID sinonasal mucormycosis cases Ÿ To evaluate the demography, comorbidities and treatment modalities used in these patients which may be attributable to development of sinonasal mucormycosis after recovery from COVID-19 disease. Ÿ MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 80 out of 793 patients who came for follow-up after recovering from COVID pneumonia, had symptoms related to paranasal sinus and orbit. CECT PNS and orbit was performed in them and 69 patients had positive CT ndings. Clinico-epidemiological data was recorded. The correlation between CT ndings and clinical history was performed by Chi2 test. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically signicant. Ÿ RESULTS: Majority - 48 (69.5%) belonged to age group between 40-60 years. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbid condition seen in 58 (84%) patients. The treatment history during COVID-19 disease revealed administration of intravenous or oral steroids in 54 (78.2%) patients, Injection Remdesivir in 48 (69.5%), broad-spectrum antibiotics in 36 (52.2%). 15 (21.7%) were given non-invasive ventilation and 7 (10.1%) needed invasive ventilation. Ethmoidal sinus- 68 cases (98.5%) and maxillary sinus- 65 cases (94.2%) were most frequently affected sinus. Intraorbital extension of the soft tissue was seen in 37 (53.6%) and intracranial extension was seen in 11 (15.9%) cases. On follow-up, fungal hyphae were detected in 39 (56.5%) cases via KOH mount or biopsy. Ÿ CONCLUSION: The widespread use of steroids/monoclonal antibodies/broad-spectrum antibiotics/oxygen therapy for treating COVID-19 may lead to the development/exacerbation of pre-existing fungal diseases. Health care professionals should act promptly when there is a suspicion of mucormycosis

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