scholarly journals Experimental infection of broiler chicks with Salmonella Typhimurium from pigeon (Columba livia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1919
Author(s):  
Átilla Holanda de Albuquerque ◽  
Régis Siqueira de Castro Teixeira ◽  
Débora Nishi Machado ◽  
Elisângela De Souza Lopes ◽  
Ruben Horn Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Fecal Samples

Several cases of animal and human salmonellosis caused by the Salmonella serotype Typhimurium have been reported. In animals, subclinical infection favors pathogen dissemination through feces. In this context, the domestic pigeon (Columba livia) with an asymptomatic condition may play an important role in the transmission of salmonellosis, through the elimination of contaminated feces in commercial aviaries or in poultry feed facilities, causing economic losses to the poultry industry and presenting a risk to public health. This study aimed to evaluate the mortality, clinical signs and the presence of Salmonella Typhimurium in the feces and organs of chicks previously inoculated with bacteria isolated from a pigeon. One-day-old chicks were distributed in two experimental groups (G1 and G2) of 32 birds each, and a control group of six birds. Two inocula of 0.4 and 0.7 mL with 105 and 106 colony forming units were used in G1 and G2 birds, respectively. At 1, 4, 7 and 14 days post-inoculation (dpi) fecal samples were pooled from each cage and individual cloacal swabs were collected. At 14 dpi, all chicks were euthanized and samples were collected from the liver, spleen, lung, cecum and intestine for microbiological analysis. Mortality was only observed among G2 birds (6.25%). Most birds presented clinical signs of diarrhea at 4 dpi and no symptom as observed at 14 dpi. The results from cloacal swabs demonstrated bacterial elimination in 68.8% and 53.1% of G2 and G1 birds, respectively at 1 dpi. Additionally, fecal samples had elevated bacterial shedding in all four periods of observation , with a higher excretion at 4 dpi (62.5%) for both groups. Among G2 birds, 74.2% were positive for the pathogen in the intestine; G1 birds presented the lowest rate of lung infection (29%), and both groups had more than 50% positivity for liver and caeca. The results revealed that infected chicks with a Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from pigeons may host the pathogen in several organs, and simultaneously present diarrheic disorders with significant levels of bacterial excretion in feces.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Evaluation of Neemazal® Against Experimental Eimeria Tenella Infection in Broiler Chickens, Jos - Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Goni Abraham Dogo ◽  
Bi-Allah Bukar Markus ◽  
Emmanuel Vandi Tizhe ◽  
Gloria Pisha Karaye ◽  
David Oshadu
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Post Inoculation

Coccidiosis in poultry is caused by protozoan parasites of the Eimeria species, which is responsible for worldwide economic losses. The aim of this study was to evaluated the therapeutic effect of NeemAzal® on Eimeria tenellain broiler Chickens as compared to Amprolium as a standard anticoccidial drug. A total of One Hundred and Sixty (160) broiler chicks were purchased, acclimatized and randomly divided into 4 groups (G1, G2, G3 & G4). G1 non-infected, non-treated (negative control), (G2) infected with 20000 E. tenella oocysts (positive control), (G3) infected and treated with Amprolium (Standard, 7 mg/kg b.w. for 5 days) and (G4) infected and treated with NeemAzal®200 mg/kg b.w. for 5 days). Evaluation was by clinical signs, performance data (weight gain, oocyst shed/gram faeces (OPG) and histopathology of the Caecum, Liver and Kidney. The data showed that birds infected with E. tenellahad an output of 1.3×105±3,333 oocysts per gram faeces on day 5 post inoculation. This output is significantly decreased to 0.37×105±3,111 oocysts in neem-treated birds. Infection with E. tenellainduced marked histopathological alterations in the caecum in the form of inflammation, vacuolation of the epithelium, and destruction of some villi. NeemAzal® decrease body weight loss of infected chickens. Moreover, the number of goblet cells stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) within the infected villi was significantly lowered (P≤0.05). The results revealed that chicks of G1 had the best performance data compared to G2, G3& G4. In G3 & G4 there were a remarkable improvement in the data on performance, clinical signs, gross and microscopically caecal lesions compared to G2. Amprolium (G3) was shown to be superior to NeemAzal® (G4) compared to G2. NeemAzal® could be a good alternative for use as a coccidiostat to supplement the expensive anti-coccidiostats in the market.

Liver, Kidney Function Tests and Oxidative Damage During and after Treatment of Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Experimental Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Salah Hasan ◽  
Ayman Barzan Abdulgafor ◽  
Maher Saber Owain ◽  
Mohammed Ali Hussein ◽  
Qusay Mohammed Aboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study aimed to evaluate the liver, kidney damage caused by S. typhimurium and to estimate the oxidative damage in association with this bacteria. A highly virulent isolates of S. typhimurium were obtained from the department of internal and preventive medicine/ College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Baghdad. A twenty five local rabbits of both genders with age range (2-4 months) weeks old were used for this study, the rabbits were divided randomly into five groups each group contains 5 rabbits :- group 1: drenched orally with 5 ml of normal saline and consider as control group, group 2: were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium and regarded as infected group, group 3 were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which have (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of gentamicin alone at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation), group 4 were drenched (5 ml) suspension having (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of Ca-EDTA alone at 40mg/kg orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and group 5 were drenched (5 ml) suspension that contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of combined gentamicin at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and Ca-EDTA 40mg/kg after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation).The results of biochemical profile showed a significant increase (p less than 0.05) in ALT, creatinine and urea levels in infected group as compared with control group, while, the treated groups especially group 5 showed a significant improvement in ALT, Urea and creatinine levels which returned to relative normal levels as compared with infected group after 96hrs. post treatment. Also, the results of oxidative stress showed a significant increase in the levels of MDA in G2, G3, G4 and G5 after 48 hrs. post treatment, while the level of GSH showed a significant decrease in the level at 48hrs., both were returned to relative normal levels after 96hrs.post treatment especially in group 5.In conclusion, S. typhimurium can causing liver and kidney damage which is manifested by increase ALT, Urea and Creatinine. Also, MDA and GSH is increased due to salmonellosis.

Histopathologic lesions in conventional pigs experimentally infected with Haemophilus parasuis serovar 5

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.-L. Austin-Busse ◽  
A. Ladinig ◽  
G. Balka ◽  
S. Zoels ◽  
M. Ritzmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pathologic Lesions ◽  
Group B ◽  
Kidney Lesions ◽  
Challenge Group

Summary Objective: In the present study various tissues of pigs were investigated for the presence of histopathologic lesions after an experimental infection with Haemophilus (H.) parasuis serovar 5. Material and methods: Conventional pigs (n = 36) were divided into a control group B (n = 9) and a challenge group A (n = 27), which was infected intratracheally. Pigs that did not die prior to study termination were euthanized on day 14 post inoculation. Postmortem samples of the lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, left tarsal joint capsule and brain were collected. Results: All but one pig with detectable histopathologic lesions (n = 11) showed typical macroscopic changes. Histopatho logic examination of all tissue samples identified pyelitis (n = 10), synovitis (n = 7) and meningitis (n = 7) and all those animals were euthanized prior to study termination. No histopathologic lesions were found in pigs of the control group. The correlations between pyelitis and meningitis, pyelitis and synovitis and synovitis and meningitis were significant (p < 0.001). No significant correlation could be observed between the histopathologic and the clinical examination of the joints. The investigation of samples from the joints by PCR was not significantly correlated with the observed synovitis. The clinical observation of neurologic signs was significantly correlated with meningitis (p = 0.03). A significant correlation (p < 0.001) could be detected between meningitis and the detection of H. parasuis by PCR in brain samples. Conclusions: H. parasuis constantly causes clinical signs and pathologic lesions as soon as it infects the brain while it can infect the joints without causing histopathologic lesions. Pigs with histopathologic lesions do not always show typical clinical signs. Only few studies described the finding of kidney lesions in pigs with Glässer’s disease and this is the first study to describe a pyelitis in pigs experimentally infected with H. parasuis. The observed pyelitis mainly occurred in acute cases.

Colonization of Broiler Chicks by Salmonella Typhimurium Definitive Phage Type 104

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1698-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULA J. FEDORKA-CRAY ◽  
SCOTT R. LADELY ◽  
J. STAN BAILEY ◽  
NORMAN J. STERN
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Salmonella Senftenberg ◽  
Over Time

The prevalence of an antibiotic-resistant strain of Salmonella Typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (DT104) has increased dramatically in recent years resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in both animals and humans. Colonization and shedding of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 was studied in broiler chickens in two trials. In trial 1, 180 day-of-hatch chicks (n = 60 per group, n = 30 per replicate) were challenged with 106 CFU DT104 (wild-type isolate from poultry) or were commingled with a seeder chick challenged with 106 CFU DT104. In trial 2, 360 day-of-hatch chicks (n = 120 per treatment, n = 30 per rep) were divided into three groups. Chicks in the susceptible group were commingled with two seeder chicks that were orally challenged with 107 CFU/bird of a pan-sensitive strain of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Chicks in the resistant group were commingled with two seeder chicks that were orally challenged with 107 CFU/bird DT104 used in trial 1. For both trials, a control group was not exposed to DT104, composite fecal samples were evaluated twice weekly for levels of Salmonella shedding and 20 chicks per group were necropsied weekly and their cecal contents were cultured. At hatch all groups were colonized with naturally occurring Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Mbandaka (trial 1) or Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Ohio (trial 2) prior to exposure to DT104. Throughout the study, the level of Salmonella spp. shedding in feces (trial 1 means 3.1, 2.9, and 3.0 log10 CFU per g feces for challenged, seeder, and control groups, respectively) or ceca (trial 2 means 2.9, 2.9, and 2.5 log10 CFU per g ceca for resistant, susceptible, and control groups, respectively)did not differ among groups. In trial 1, colonization of DT104 remained constant at higher levels in the challenged group (mean 87%, P &lt; 0.01), increased over time in the seeder group (10 to 50%, P &lt; 0.02) and was not recovered from the control chicks. Salmonella Mbandaka colonization remained steady within each group with challenge and seeder groups maintaining higher levels of colonization than the control group. Salmonella Senftenberg colonization levels tended to decline (P = .058) over time in the challenged group (20 to 0%) and significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.01) over time for both the seeder (80 to 0%) and control chicks (85 to 10%). In trial 2, the percentage of chicks colonized with susceptible DT104 declined (r = 0.90, P &lt; 0.05) over the course of the trial from 45 to 0%, while recovery of the resistant DT104 persisted at a mean percentage of 27%. DT104 was not recovered from the control chicks. Salmonella Ohio colonization levels tended to decline (r = 0.79, P &gt; 0.05) over time in the control group (75 to 20%) and significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) over time in both susceptible and resistant groups (40 to 10%, r = 0.82 and 55 to 5%, r = 0.85, respectively). Salmonella Senftenberg was recovered from the control group at low frequency throughout the trial and was not recovered from the other groups. For either trial, no apparent affect on morbidity or mortality was observed. Introduction of DT104 by commingling may induce colonization resulting in persistent high levels of shedding in flocks simultaneously with other Salmonella species.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamins, minerals and probiotics on production of antibody and live weight gain following vaccination with BCRDV in broiler birds

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Monoura ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MFR Khan ◽  
MB Rahman ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The effect of vitamins, minerals and probiotics supplementation to the balanced ration of the broiler chicks on the immune response and growth performance after vaccination with BCRDV was evaluated. For this 50 broiler birds were divided into five equal groups such as A, B, C, D and E, and five types of separate treatments with normal poultry feed were provided to the indivisual experimental groups. All the birds were vaccinated with BCRDV primarily at 3 days of age and boostered at 17 days of age. The birds of group A, B, C and D were supplemented with only probiotics, mixture of probiotics and minerals, mixture of probiotics, minerals and vitamins, respectively. The birds of group E were kept as vaccinated control. Blood samples were collected at the age of 9, 12, 16, 23, 26 and 30 days sequencially. The serum antibody titres were measured by HI test and ELISA. The highest value of HI antibody titre was 384±242.65 (Mean ±SD) in group B at 23 days of age. The lowest value of HI at 23 days was 56±32.86 (Mean ±SD) obtained in group C. The ELISA antibody titre was also highest (4675.12±485.72) at 23 days in group B and obviously the lowest (2169.38±724.45) in control group E. In case of group C, the ELISA antibody titre was 3105.73±877.57 at 23 days but then the titre decreased gradually compared to control group. The highest body weight (1420±90.82) was recorded at 30 days of age in group D and the lowest value (1188±44.38) was in group B. Key words: Probiotics, BCRDV, broiler birds DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1336 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 31-36

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF AVIAN INFLUENZA (H9) AND NEWCASTLE DISEASE (THERMOSTABLE I-2 STRAIN) BIVALENT VACCINE FOR COMMERCIAL POULTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Rabia Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Group A ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Group B ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

The goal of current research was production of bivalent adjuvant based inactivated I-2 strain of Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian Influenza (AI) vaccine and to compare efficacy with commercially available bivalent inactivated vaccine. Experiment was carried out on one-day-old broiler chicks by dividing them into 3 groups A, B & C. Vaccine was injected on 7, 14, 21 and 28 day. Blood samples were collected on 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 day. Results of Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test presented the geometric mean titers of group A and B were <1:4, 1:18.8, 1:115.2, 1:358.4, 1:128 & <1:4, 1:8.4, 1:36.8, 1:56, 1:22.4 respectively for AI. Similarly the geometric mean titers of group A and B were <1:4, 1:19.6, 1:89.6, 1:320, 1:115.2 & <1:4, 1:9.2, 1:25.6, 1:36.8, 1:22.4, respectively for ND. However, control group showed <1:4 geometric mean titer. The challenge was given on 28th day and birds were monitored for next 7 days for clinical signs. The chicks of group A showed no clinical signs of diseases (AI, ND). However, in group B 60% morbidity and 90% mortality was recorded on 4th and 6th day of post challenge, respectively. While 100% mortality was recorded in control group.

scholarly journals Effect of infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease vaccines on experimental avian influenza infection (H9N2) in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-585
Author(s):  
R. Amanollahi ◽  
K. Asasi ◽  
B. Abdi-Hachesoo ◽  
N. Ahmadi ◽  
A. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

Despite the fact that H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) is considered a low-pathogenic agent, frequent outbreaks of this subtype have caused high mortality and economic losses in poultry farms around the world including Iran. Coinfection with a respiratory pathogen or environmental factors may explain the exacerbation of H9N2 AIV infection. In this study, the role of infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccines (H120 and 4/91) and Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines (B1 and LaSota) on experimental H9N2 AIV infection was investigated in 180 broiler chickens allotted into 6 groups (n=30). At the age of 18 days, groups 3 and 4 received H120 and 4/91 infectious bronchitis live vaccines (IBLVs) and groups 5 and 6 received B1 and LaSota Newcastle disease live vaccines (NDLVs), respectively. At the age of 20 days, all birds in the experimental groups except the negative control group (group 1), were inoculated intra-nasally with H9N2 AIV. After the inoculation, clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, and viral detection were examined. The results of this study revealed that clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions were more severe in the AIV challenged groups which had been previously vaccinated with IB vaccines. In addition, AI viral RNA from tracheal and faecal samples in IB vaccinated birds were recovered at a higher rate. Moreover, in the 4/91 IB vaccinated group, the AI virus shedding period was longer than the other challenged groups. In conclusion, infectious bronchitis live vaccines (IBLVs) exacerbated the H9N2 AIV infection; also, 4/91 IBLV extended AI virus shedding period and increased the recovery rate of AI virus from feaces. However, the coinfection of Newcastle disease live vaccines (NDLVs) had no considerable adverse effects on AIV infection in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Response to a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge in piglets supplemented with protected sodium butyrate or Bacillus licheniformis: effects on performance, intestinal health and behavior1,2

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barba-Vidal ◽  
V. F. B. Roll ◽  
L. Castillejos ◽  
A. A. Guerra-Ordaz ◽  
X. Manteca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Salmonella spp. is one of the worldwide leading causes of food-borne illnesses for which the inclusion of probiotics or organic acids in animal feeds can be useful control methods. Experimental models are utilized to test the efficacy of strategies against pathogens, but they exhibit limitations which may preclude finding sensible evaluation parameters. The objective of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of 2 different feed additives; a Bacillus licheniformis based probiotic and a protected sodium butyrate (SB) salt, using an experimental model of salmonellosis and, second, to explore if behavior analysis can be used as a sensible evaluation tool for additives evaluation. A total of 78 piglets weaned at 24 d, 8.3 kg BW, were used. Seventy-two were placed in 3 rooms of 8 pens (3 animals/pen) with evenly distributed treatments (n = 8): CON, control group with plain diet; PRO, plain diet with 1 kg/t of Proporc (109 cfu of B. licheniformis/kg of feed), and BUT, plain diet with 3 kg/t of Gustor BP70 (2.1 g of partially protected SB salt/kg of feed). Remaining piglets (n = 6) were separated and used as a challenge negative control. The experiment lasted 16 d. After 1 wk of adaptation, animals were challenged with 5 × 108 cfu of Salmonella Typhimurium. One pig per pen was euthanized and sampled at d 4 and 8 post-inoculation (PI). There were no significant differences among treatments for ADFI, ADG, G:F, rectal temperature, fecal consistency, pH, ammonia, short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid concentrations, cytokine TNF-α, Pig-MAP acute-phase proteins and histological parameters. However, both products were equally able to reduce colonization and shedding of Salmonella (P = 0.016 for PRO and BUT vs. CON). In addition, PRO treatment had a positive effect on behavioral displays, particularly exploring (P &lt; 0.05 vs. CON), feeding (P &lt; 0.05 vs. CON and BUT) and other active behaviors (P &lt; 0.05 vs. CON and BUT) in the morning period (0830 to 1030 h). In the afternoon (1400 to 1600 h), the challenge effect was most significant. Pigs were less active after the challenge (P &lt; 0.001), with a decrease in positive contacts (P = 0.004), exploration (P &lt; 0.001) and feeding behaviors (P &lt; 0.001) on d 3 PI, in comparison with before the challenge. Accordingly, many lying conducts increased at d 3 PI (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, both treatments had positive effects against Salmonella, and behavior analysis appears to be a sensible tool to be considered.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis, Motility and Biofilm Formation Characteristics of Salmonella typhimurium Exposed to Benzyl Isothiocyanate Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong-Xin Niu ◽  
Xiao-Ning Wang ◽  
Hong-Yan Wu ◽  
Jing-Ran Bi ◽  
Hong-Shun Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Benzyl Isothiocyanate

Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is a common foodborne pathogen that not only causes diseases and contaminates food, but also causes considerable economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to find effective and feasible methods to control S. typhimurium. In this study, changes in S. typhimurium after treatment with benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) were detected by transcriptomics to explore the antibacterial effect of BITC at subinhibitory concentration. The results showed that, in contrast to the control group (SC), the BITC-treated group (SQ_BITC) had 197 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 115 were downregulated and 82 were upregulated. We screened out eight significantly downregulated virulence-related genes and verified gene expression by quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). We also selected motility and biofilm formation to observe the effects of BITC on the other virulence related factors of S. typhimurium. The results showed that both swimming and swarming were significantly inhibited. BITC also had a significant inhibitory effect on biofilm formation, and showed an effect on bacterial morphology. These results will be helpful for understanding the mechanism of the antibacterial action of BITC against S. typhimurium and other foodborne pathogens.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antigout, Antioxidant and Production Performance Augmenting Activity of Piper betle L. in Gout Induced Broiler Chicken

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrama Chakravarthi Periasamy ◽  
Murugesan Sundaravelayutham ◽  
Arivuchelvan Arivalagan ◽  
Sukumar Karupannan ◽  
Arulmozhi Ayyasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme

Background: The gout is commonly reported in birds and causes severe economic losses to the farmers. Hence to prevent the gout occurrence P.betle L. herb was selected and its antigout potential was studied in comparison with Allopurinol.Methods: The biological experiment was conducted with 120 broiler chicks and was divided into 5 treatment groups of 8 birds each with triplicate study for six weeks. The groups were control (T1), gout control (T2), Allopurinol (T3), P.betle L. - 10 g/kg (T4) and P.betle L. - 12.5 g/kg of feed (T5). The gout was induced using toxic dose of sodium bicarbonate in water (20 g/litre). The clinical signs and production performance were recorded and gross and histopathology studies were conducted. Serum biochemical parameters viz., uric acid and creatinine were periodically estimated (day 10, 15, 18 and 42 of trial) and anti-oxidant and xanthine oxidase enzyme activity were measured.Result: The production performances and the antioxidant activity were improved in P.betle L. groups and even better than Allopurinol. Also progressive reduction of uric acid and equivalent suppression of xanthine oxidase activity as that of Allopurinol were observed. Hence P.betle L. herb can be used effectively in the prevention of gout in birds.

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