scholarly journals Orwell's "Shooting an Elephant": Reflections on Imperialism and Neoimperialism

IIUC Studies ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sarwar Alam
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
World History ◽  
George Orwell ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The World ◽  
Ultimate Objective

Imperialism has been the most powerful force in world history over last four or five centuries. The world has moved from the colonial to post-colonial era or neoimperialism. Throughout the period, the imperialists have changed their grounds and strategies in imperialistic rules. But the ultimate objective has remained the same- to rule and exploit the natives with their multifaceted dominance-technological, economic and military. Through dominance with these, they have been, to a great extent, successful in establishing their racial and cultural superiority. George Orwell is popularly known to be an anti-imperialist writer. This paper, I believe, will lead us to an almost different conclusion. Here, we discover the inevitable dilemma in a disguised imperialist. We discover the seeds of imperialism under the mask of anti-imperialism. In this regard, it studies his revealing short story "Shooting an Elephant". It also humbly approaches to refute Barry Hindess' arguments supporting neoimperialism.   doi: 10.3329/iiucs.v3i0.2664   IIUC STUDIES Vol. - 3, December 2006 (p 5-62)  

scholarly journals Tinjauan Singkat Perkembangan Animasi Indonesia dalam Konteks Animasi Dunia

Humaniora ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Arik Kurnianto
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Animated Films ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Large Round ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to assess the development of animated films in Indonesia based on historical studies to determine simultaneously mapping the history Indonesia in the context of world/global animation history. This study also examines the relationship between the histories of Indonesiananimated films with history first entry of the film in Indonesia which began the Dutch colonial era. According to Stephen Cavalier, the world history of animation was divided into five large round starts from the era before 1900 (The Origin of Animation) to the digital era (1986-2010). Based results of the study, Indonesian animation in the context of five major round of world animation, though have long been in contact with foreign-made films and animation (Disney Studio) has into Indonesia from the early 20th century (the early 1900s), the animation is produced Indonesia has only emerged in the '50s through the vision of a Soekarno, the first President. 1950 in the world of animation history entered the era of transition from gold age of traditional animation/cartoon (golden age of cartoons) are dominated by studio Disney to the era of television (television era). In a review of the history of animation, the era of the '50s travel half a century is the era of the modern world of animation history. Based on the facts the Indonesian animation has actually grown quite long, but the development of animation in Indonesia was very slow when seen in the context of the world animation history. 

scholarly journals Corruption and Its Implications for Development and Good Governance: A Perspective from Post-Colonial Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1(J)) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Mlambo, ◽  
Mandla A. Mubecua ◽  
Siphesihle Edmund Mpanza ◽  
Victor H. Mlambo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The World ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Many

Abstract: One of the many impediments to a specific region, country and/or continents political, social and economic growth prospects is corruption, the aim of this paper is to unearth the drivers and consequences of corruption in post-colonial Africa. Corruption is a global phenomenon; however when observing global corruption statistics and/or trends, it seems to be more prominent in underdeveloped continents such as Africa. Corruption in Africa is purely driven by low levels of economic growth, bad governance structures weak constitutions political instability, high levels of poverty coupled with high and ever-increasing levels of unemployment. We argue that post the colonial era, there has been a rise of corruption activities within the continent where individuals including some African heads of states have looted the continent of its resources meant for the general populace. In this sense, corruption takes resources meant for the poor, limits foreign direct investments (FDI) and has severe effects on a continent that is already the least developed in the world.

scholarly journals Personality Psychology in Margaret Atwood’s Short Story Under Glass

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Dr. Y. Vidya
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Alive Today ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

Margaret Atwood is one of the most important and influential writers alive today. Margaret Atwood’s literature, both in the form of poetry and prose, is significant to an understanding of ‘female experiences’ more broadly speaking, though, Atwood attempts to explore questions of identity. She thus attempts to achieve the creation of a space and time in which readers can think critically about the world and their place in it. This self-reflexive form of analysis is significant in a modern and post-colonial world in which issues of gender have become increasingly critical, as it allows readers both a way of imagining and a way of criticizing ourselves and our own culture and that of others we perceive around us. Her stories are acute depictions of men and women, and are therefore interested in human curiosity but also in control and power.  Atwood focus lies also in the effects and dynamics of unequal power relations.  

Les relations franco-kényanes dans les courses de fond : Un processus postcolonial singulier (1960–2019)

STADION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-225
Author(s):  
Cyril Thomas ◽  
Pascal Charroin ◽  
Bastien Soule
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The World ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Interdependent Relationships

At the Mexico City Olympics, Kenya won eight medals in athletics. This performance enabled this State, whose independence dated back just four years, to display its identity to the eyes of the world. Kenyan athletics, mainly in middle- and long-distance events, continued to assert itself until it dominated the medal ranking in the 2015 World Championships. However, even if it is a vehicle for emancipation and identity-building, Kenyan athletics is also dependent on external influences. Therefore, even though France and Kenya never had colonial links, they have built interdependent relationships in athletics during the post-colonial era. The purpose of this study is to understand the particular postcolonial process around which these relationships were built, in the absence of colonial ties. We have chosen to conduct this study based on the investigation of minutes of the French Athletics Federation (FFA) committees and the journal L’Athlétisme, the official FFA review. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Kenyan and French athletics actors (athletes, managers, race organizers, and federal officials). These data reveal a continuing domination of Kenya, by France, in athletics. This relationship of domination marks a survival of the colonial order. However, Kenyan athletes’ domination, especially in marathons, contributes to the vulnerability of French performances. The singularity of the postcolonial process studied lies as much in the absence of colonial ties between France and Kenya as in the transformation of a relationship of domination specific to the colonial period.

scholarly journals Formation and Construction of ‘Mizo’ as Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
R. Lalsangpuii
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
North East ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

This article is an attempt to understand the complex issues of identity formation of the Mizos who are presently living in the corner most region of India’s North East. Here, it is interesting to study how identity is formed, constructed and even protected. This process involves centuries of historical journey that examines how the people perceived themselves and how the outsiders constructed their identity on the conception of “difference” that would include subjugation and internalisation. It aims to understand how space and territoriality that are imagined or constructed in the psyche of the people played a significant role in identity formation. These are the products of colonial intervention affirmed by Christianity and exposure to the world beyond their isolated hills. It would also focus on the formation and development of ‘Mizo’ in the pre-colonial and post-colonial era. Further, it would also highlight how the nomenclature of the ethnonym, ‘Mizo’ has been debated by the historians. On a methodological note rich archival materials and secondary sources on Mizo identity are employed.

scholarly journals Slave-master Relationship and Post-colonial Translation and Teaching

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biook Behnam ◽  
Farhad Azimi ◽  
Alireza Baghban Kanani
Keyword(s):  
Power Relation ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Hegelian Dialectic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Asymmetrical Power ◽  
Language Literature

Two hundred years after Hegel, his Master-Slave Dialectic theory is still one of the most controversial philosophical theories. Some believe that such a relationship does no longer exist, nor is it acceptable in the face of abolishment of slavery in the world. In this study, it has been tried to form an understanding of the Hegelian Master-Slave Dialectic and bring into light the presence of the Master-Slave relationship in our modern day world. As Crossley (1996) points out, the power relation in Hegelian dialectic philosophy is ever-present in a more subtle manner in the Post-colonial era; one which utilizes an intersubjective relationship, sustaining the other as a subject of action rather than attempting to negate them (p. 147). To establish this kind of power relation, the west has been employing language, literature and translation in a much more effective way than military might to assert her control and dominance, and move the wheels of colonization and an asymmetrical power relation forward.

scholarly journals BOROBUDUR TEMPLE PRE AND POST COLONIAL ERA

DeKaVe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baskoro Suryo Banindro
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The World ◽  
Revitalization Effort ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
The Temple ◽  
World Records ◽  
Central Java Province

Borobudur temple is a heritage of Buddhism culture in Indonesia, which located at Magelang city, Central Java Province. The temple was built at the golden era of Syailendra dynasty, built among 800 AD or around 9th century. Beside known as one of Indonesia’s main tourism destination, it is also a central of Buddhism spiritual religion liturgies and rituals. Borobudur ever was in a tremendous golden era but also the darkness was covered its existence until hundred of years and it’s began to be revealed in the era of colonial. For decades, the rejuvenation and revitalization effort to rebuild the temple back to the original shape been accomplished. Through serious treatments, Borobudur becoming the inspiration source of cultural activities of various aspect that manifested, mainly history, arts, tourism, economy, research, science and also religion. The walls of Borobudur are full of reliefs that picture the Buddhism philosophy, and turn out to be a masterpiece with a high aesthetic in the accession of civilization in its era. Now, beside stated as one of the World Heritages by UNESCO, also 2 titles given to the temple; as the archeology site heritages, the biggest Buddhism temple in the world, and also recorded in Guinness World Records. 

scholarly journals Asian development and the world economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-221
Author(s):  
Deepak Nayyar
Keyword(s):  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Rivalry ◽  
Shifting Balance ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Cold War

During the post-colonial era, the relationship between Asia and the world was shaped by a geopolitics in which economics and politics, juxtaposed with history and geography, were closely intertwined. East and Southeast Asia became the main arena for contesting political ideologies—capitalism versus communism—in the Cold War, while West Asia was the stage where strategic interests driven by oil played out. Both were associated with conflicts and wars that shaped trajectories of development. Rapid economic growth in Asia has implications, both positive and negative, for the world, industrialized countries, and developing countries, which are analysed in the chapter. The international economic and political architecture for global governance was created around 1945. Asia had no voice in that process. The shifting balance of power provides Asian countries with an opportunity to exercise collective influence now, but co-ordination and co-operation among them has not surfaced yet, possibly because of economic and political rivalry.

Borrowing As A Tool To Fill The Ideological Thoughts: The Role Of Code-Mixing In An American Brat By Bapsi Sidhwa And The Escape By Qaisra Shiraz

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (II) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Native People ◽  
British Imperialism ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Bapsi Sidhwa ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Language And Literature

This research article highlights the temperament, inference, scope, and motives of code-mixing in Pakistani English works. One novel from Pakistani English novels namely, An American Brat by Bapsi Sidhwa, and one short story namely, The Escape by Qaisra Shehraz are being selected as an illustration of this reading. In this novel and short story, the writers have already dealt with the characteristics of postcolonialism. English language and literature pierced into the privileged civilizations of the sub-continent, after the end of British Imperialism. Pakistani writers in English are the best interpreter of the post-colonial communal language. In this study, I have hit upon code-mixing in English works written by Pakistani authors to a bigger echelon. These works are paragons of arts and the unbelievable mixture of rhetorical and fictitious study. In these works, the writers have not abased the confined diversities. They have tinted the value of Pakistani English in order to achieve the chatty desires of native people. These borrowings from the native languages are used to fill the lexical fissures of ideological thoughts. The reason of these borrowings is not to represent the English as a substandard assortment. Through the utilization of native words, we conclude that the significance of native languages has been tinted to question mark the dialect as well. The words of daily use also have an area of research for English people without having any substitute in English. That’s why in English literature innovative practices and ideas of code-mixing have been employed.

Borrowing As A Tool To Fill The Ideological Thoughts: The Role Of Code-Mixing In An American Brat By Bapsi Sidhwa And The Escape By Qaisra Shiraz

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Native People ◽  
British Imperialism ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Bapsi Sidhwa ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Language And Literature

This research article highlights the temperament, inference, scope, and motives of code-mixing in Pakistani English works. One novel from Pakistani English novels namely, An American Brat by Bapsi Sidhwa, and one short story namely, The Escape by Qaisra Shehraz are being selected as an illustration of this reading. In this novel and short story, the writers have already dealt with the characteristics of postcolonialism. English language and literature pierced into the privileged civilizations of the sub-continent, after the end of British Imperialism. Pakistani writers in English are the best interpreter of the post-colonial communal language. In this study, I have hit upon code-mixing in English works written by Pakistani authors to a bigger echelon. These works are paragons of arts and the unbelievable mixture of rhetorical and fictitious study. In these works, the writers have not abased the confined diversities. They have tinted the value of Pakistani English in order to achieve the chatty desires of native people. These borrowings from the native languages are used to fill the lexical fissures of ideological thoughts. The reason for these borrowings is not to represent the English as a substandard assortment. Through the utilization of native words, we conclude that the significance of native languages has been tinted to question mark the dialect as well. The words of daily use also have an area of research for English people without having any substitute in English. That’s why in English literature innovative practices and ideas of code-mixing have been employed.

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