scholarly journals Isolation and identification of bacterial flora from respiratory tract of healthy horses

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
ZB Muktha ◽  
SML Kabir ◽  
MT Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli

This study was carried out during the period of July to December, 2014 in order to isolate and characterize bacterial flora present in the respiratory tract of healthy horses in and around BAU campus. Eighteen apparently healthy horses were used for the study. Swab samples were collected from the nasal cavity. The bacteria was isolated ,identified and characterized by cultural (aerobic condition),staining, biochemical and PCR technique. Each of the samples collected yielded at least one bacterial species. A total of 27 bacteria were isolated from the selected animals. The majority of the isolates (15/27, 55.56%) were Gram-positive and the rest (12/27, 44.44%) were Gram-negative. Bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (83.33%) and E. coli (66.66%).The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates was investigated by disc diffusion method. The antibiotic sensitivity test of Staphylococcus aureus revealed that the isolates were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, moderately sensitive to gentamicin and resistance to amoxicilin, ampicilin and erythromycin. On the other hand, E. coli showed moderately sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamycin, mildly sensitive to erythromycin and resistance to amoxicilin and ampicilin. Detection of E. coli and S. aureus from the respiratory tract of healthy horses were not unexpected. Ciprofloxacin and gentamicin could be used for therapeutic purpose, if diseases occur by these organisms in horses.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 239-246, December 2015

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROFLORA FROM APPARENTLY HEALTHY CAGED PARROTS OF DHAKA ZOO OF BANGLADESH

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Akhter ◽  
MT Hossain ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
MP Siddique ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The research work was conducted to isolate and identify the microflora from apparently healthy caged parrots. A total of 45 samples (oral swabs, cloacal swabs and feces) were collected from five types of caged parrots (Gray cockatiels, Rose ringed parakeet, Alexandriane parakeet, Red breast parakeet and Blossom headed parakeet) of Dhaka Zoo during the period from April to August 2009. The samples were cultured on different bacteriological media and the bacteria were identified by their cultural and biochemical properties. All the isolates were allowed for antibiogram study. The bacteria isolated in this study from different types of caged parrots were E. coli (64.44%), Salmonella spp. (46.67%), Staphylococcus spp. (46.67%), Pasteurella spp. (33.33%), Proteus spp. (6.67%) and some unidentified Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Of these isolates, E. coli was the most frequent isolate. The frequency of Gram-negative bacteria was higher in this study. The percentage of bacterial isolates recovered from each type of parrots was almost similar. Irrespective of types of parrots, the higher percentage of different bacteria was isolated from cloacal swab (77.78%) followed by feces (75.56%). The 68.89% isolates were recovered from oral swab. All the suspected isolates of Salmonella spp. were confirmed by slide agglutination test using Salmonella polyvalent ‘O’ antiserum. Among the 21 Salmonella spp. isolated in this study, 4 (19.05%) isolates were identified as S. Pullorum when tested with specific antisera against S. Pullorum. The results of antibiotic sensitivity tests revealed that ampicillin and amoxicillin were completely resistant to E. coli and Pasteurella spp.; ampicillin to Proteus spp.; and furazolidone to Salmonella spp. and Pasteurella spp. However, the antibiotics of fluoroquinolone group such as ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin showed moderate to high sensitivity against almost all the bacterial isolates. Of these, ciprofloxacin was found to be consistently highly sensitive to all the bacterial isolates. DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v8i1.8349 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 05-10

scholarly journals Assessment of microbiological and residual antibiotics status in milk sold in Abeokuta, Ogun State. Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Flora Oluwafemi ◽  
Bosede Folashade Oluwabamiwo ◽  
Oluseyi Oluwajubelo Oluwatosin ◽  
Olufunmilayo Ruth Akinrinade ◽  
Adelodun Lawrence Kolapo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Microbiological Methods

This study investigated the prevalence and concentration of antibiotic residues in twenty brands of milk. Determination and quantification of antibiotic residues was done using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Aerobic plate count was carried out and the associated bacteria isolated. Identification of bacteria was done using standard microbiological methods. Molecular characterization and identification of bacterial isolates was done using 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Antibiotic sensitivity was carried out on bacterial isolates using disc diffusion method. Plasmid profile of drug resistant isolates was done using alkaline analysis method. Comparison of means was done using Analysis of Variance. Antibiotic residues were detected in 10 (50%) of the 20 milk brands analyzed. The residual levels of tetracycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline ranged between 5ng/kg and 1569ng/kg while none of the samples had doxycycline residues. The prevalence of tetracycline residues in evaporated milk brands and powdered milk samples were 100 and 23 % respectively. The aerobic plate counts ranged from 2.5 × 102 to 6.5 × 102 CFU∕mL for evaporated milk and 2.5 × 101 to 6.0 × 101 CFU∕mL for powdered milk. A total of ten bacterial species were isolated and identified. Susceptibility result showed that 95% of the isolates were sensitive to erythromycin, cefuroxime and gentamycin; 12.5% were resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin, 10% were resistant to ofloxacin and 7.5% to doxycycline and penicillin. Five of the bacterial isolates were resistant to more than one class of antibiotics. Resistant isolates subjected to plasmid profiling had detectable plasmids with estimated sizes between 120bp and 1000bp. The obtained results provide evidence that the presence of antibiotic residues in evaporated and powdered milk is an indication that the public is exposed to the harmful effects of the residues.

scholarly journals BACTERIA IN ANIMAL FEED AND THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Igor M. Stojanov ◽  
Milica M. Živkov Baloš ◽  
Miloš C. Kapetanov ◽  
Jasna Z. Prodanov Radulović ◽  
Jelena M. Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Feed Control ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Feed Safety

Control of microbiological safety of animal feed is regulated by a law. The regulation is based on methodological standards for estimation of feed quality. Those methods are permanently amended and strive for continuous improvement of microbiological safety of feed. The question remains whether the presence or absence of some bacterial species is sufficient for proper assessment of feed safety. The answer to this question can be found not only in the examination of the number of bacteria in animal feed, but also in qualitative analysis of the isolated microorganisms. The sensitivity of bacteria from animal feed to antimicrobials is one of the qualitative characteristics of microorganisms that can affect food safety even if the feed meets the standards and is within the maximum permitted level. The subject of our work was to determine the presence of bacteria in animal feed with a purpose to examine if they possess lower sensibility to antibiotics. For testing antibiotic sensitivity the isolates from routine microbiological feed control were used. The animal feed was analysed by the standard methods for the isolation and identification of bacteria and determination of susceptibility was done using disc diffusion method according to CLSI. The following bacteria were detected: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus sp., Bacillus cereus, Bacillus sp. The results showed that some isolates have reduced susceptibility to certain antimicrobial drugs (The resistance is different for different antibiotics and microorganism - from 8,33% to 100%). This finding gives a reason for further examination of certain characteristics of the bacteria found in animal feed and to detect their possible influence on ecology.

scholarly journals STUDY OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRA INFECTION AND THEIR SENSITIVITY PATTERN

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (154) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarati Karki ◽  
B R Tiwari ◽  
S B Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Proteus Species

A retrospective study was conducted among out-patient and in-patient in Kathmandu medical collegeTeaching hospital of one month from the duration 2060-11-15 to 2060-12 -15. Mid-stream urine [MSU] of300 patient were cultured. Out of these, 75 patients’ urine were found to have significant bacterial growth.Total of five species of bacterial species isolated were viz.E.coli 37(33.3%), Proteus species 25(27.7%),Klebsiella species 15(16.6%), Staphylococcus aureus 8(8.8%) and Pseudomonas aureginosa 1(1.1%).Regarding their antibiotic sensitivity pattern, E. coli were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin 31 (83.8% ), Norfloxacin25 (67.5%), Ofloxacin 30(81.0%), Amoxycillin 16(43.2%), Nalidixic acid 15 (40.5%).proteus species weresensitive to Nitrofurantoin 15 (60.0%), Norfloxacin 15 (60.0%), Ofloxacin 12(48.0%), Amoxycillin 13(52.0%),Nalidixic acid 10 (40.0%), Ciprofloxacillin 12(48.0%). Klebsiella species were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin 9(60.0%), Norfloxacin 5 (33.3%), Oflaxin 6(40.0%), Amoxycillin 5(33.3%), Nalidixic acid 4 (26.6%),ciprofloxacillin 6(40.0%).Staphylloccus aureus were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin 8(100.0%), Norfloxacin 6(75.0%), Oflaxin 8(100.0%),Amoxycillin 7(87.5%), Nalidixic acid 6(75.0%), Ciprofloxacillin 8(100 %). And Pseudomonas aureginosawere resistant to all antibiotics which we are using in this research work.Key Words: Urine sample, Identification, Sensitivity pattern.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation and its Association with Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bajarangi Lal Chaudhary ◽  
Dakshina Bisht ◽  
Sameer Singh Faujdar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Biofilm Production

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a clinically significant pathogen that causes infections ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening sepsis. Biofilm formation by MRSA is one of the crucial virulence factor. Determination of beta-lactamase and biofilm production among Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from various clinical specimens. Standard bacteriological procedures were used for isolation and identification and antibiotic sensitivity was determined using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. The cloverleaf method, acidometric, iodometric and chromogenic methods were used to detect beta-lactamase while the microtiter plate method and Congo red agar method were used to detect biofilm production. Of the 288 MRSA strains isolated from various clinical specimens,198 (67.07%) were biofilm producers. Cloverleaf and chromogenic (nitrocefin) disc shows 100% results for beta-lactamase detection. Vancomycin was 100% sensitive followed by teicoplanin (92.36%) and linezolid (89.93%). Cloverleaf and nitrocefin disc methods were the most sensitive for detection of beta-lactamase in S. aureus and there was no significant relation between biofilm production and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of S. aureus.

scholarly journals CIPROFLOXACIN AND STREPTOMYCIN AS DRUGS OF CHOICE IN TREATMENT OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN MAIDUGURI

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
AKANMU AO ◽  
◽  
ANONDE CE ◽  
BALOGUN ST ◽  
PAUL LM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are medical events that have direct unintended consequences on patients. They often result in increased hospitalization and a greater number of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In Maiduguri, they are a major source of post-operative illness among hospitalized patients. Hence, it is important to determine the scope of bacteria involvement and identify suitable antibacterial agents for effective treatment. Objectives: The study was designed to determine the prevalence of SSIs in patients with surgical wounds, determine the antibiogram of the bacteria involved and drug of choice in the treatment of SSIs. Methodology: The study design was cross-sectional using the qualitative approach. Patients with surgically created wounds infected (>30 days post-surgery) were enrolled between April and May 2018 at UMTH following informed consent. Swab samples were aseptically collected from the patients. The isolation and identification of bacterial isolates were done by cultural, microscopic and biochemical characterization. The antibiogram of the bacterial isolates was determined using disc diffusion method. Appropriate statistical tools were used. Results: A total of 70 patients with surgically created wounds were enrolled. The prevalence of SSIs in patients with surgically created wounds was 95.7% (67/70). Three bacterial species were identified with S. aureus accounting for the highest proportion of 68.7% (46/67) while Klebsiella spp was (19.4 %, 13/67) and E. coli was (11.9 %, 8/67) [p<0.05]. Ciprofloxacin had the highest proportion of sensitivity against S. aureus isolates with a value of 87 %. Streptomycin is the most sensitive drug against the Gram negative organisms isolated with a sensitivity of 87.5 % and 85 % for E. coli and Klebsiella spp., respectively. Conclusions: These findings suggest that there is a high prevalence of SSIs in patients with surgically created wounds seen at UMTH. Ciprofloxacin and streptomycin are suitable antibacterial agents in the treatment of the condition and this could contribute to effective treatment of patients with SSIs.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Aloe Lanata and Aloe Vacillanis Plant Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Amani Ahmed F. Khardesh ◽  
Hitham Qasem M. Hadi ◽  
Khaled Saeed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Response ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the aqueous and Methanolic extracts of Aloe Lanata and Aloe Vacillanis. Using agar diffusion method, three different concentrations of Aloe extracts were evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and to compare the effectiveness of extracts with some antibiotics  (Ampicillin: Amp, Erythromycin: Erytho, Gentamycin: Genta).The extracts showed that there was a different effect on the bacterial species according to the type and concentration of the plant extract as well as the inhibitory response to the bacterial species. The aqueous and alcoholic extract of A. lanata is more potent than A. vacillanis extract. In comparison to the type of extract, the alcoholic extract of A. lanata was more effective than the aqueous extract, while the aqueous extract of the A. vacillanis showed higher efficacy than the alcoholic extract. Both extracts had the most substantial effect on both E. coli and P. aeroginosa and were less effective on S. aureus. Antibacterial efficacy of studied plant extracts showed better efficacy than the antibiotic (Ampicillin, Erythromycin) on Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli.

scholarly journals Aerobic bacteriological analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with pulmonary infection: a tertiary care hospital study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Shahida Akhtar ◽  
Asifa Nazir ◽  
Humaira Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Respiratory tract infection are an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The prevalent bacterial agents and their antimicrobial resistance patterns differs, both geographically and over time. Bronchoalveolar lavage has improved sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic techniques in diagnosis of pulmonary infections. The present study aimed to determine the current aerobic bacterial isolates and their sensitivity pattern obtained from the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with pulmonary infection.Methods: BAL samples received from the patients of suspected respiratory tract infections over a period of one year, from June 2018 to May 2019 were processed by standard methods for isolation and identification. The antimicrobial susceptibility was done by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per the CLSI guidelines.Results: Out of 322 BAL samples, 84 (26.08%) were found to be culture positive for bacterial isolates. Of those, 44 samples (52.38%) from among males and 40 samples (47.61%) from among females were culture positive .The predominant organism isolated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa 46 (54.76%) followed by Acinetobacter baumanii 13 (15.47%), Escherichia coli 10 (11.90%), Klebsiella pnuemoniae 6 (7.14%) Enterobacter sp 3 (3.57%), Staphylococcus aureus 3 (3.57%), Enterococcus sp 2 (2.38%) and Sphingomonas sp 1 (1.19%). The Gram-negative organisms showed maximum sensitivity to colistin (100%) while as vancomycin and linezolid were the most effective drugs against Gram positive organisms.Conclusions: Bronchoalveolar lavage has improved sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of pulmonary infections. It is important to have an updated local antibiogram for each hospital and regular surveillance and monitoring of antibiotic resistance and the changing patterns of the bacterial pathogens is a must for better patient management.

scholarly journals Effect of Capsicum grossum L. and Allium cepal L. Juice on some bacterial species isolated from contamiinated vegetable salad

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Marked Activity ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Twenty four bacterial isolates were identified from (10) places for wandering sellers in south Baghdad city (Bayaa garage). They were Staphylococcus aureus (9 isolates), Bacillus subtilis (6 isolates), Salmonella spp. (4 isolates) and Psudomonas aeruginosa (5 isolates). Agar well diffusion method was used to definition sensitivity of the fresh and dried juice of Capsicum grossum L. and Allium cepal L. at different concentrations. The fresh juice had no inhibitory activity against the bacterial isolates in contrast to the fresh juice , dried juice which show marked activity against all bacterial isolates at (30) mg/ml.

scholarly journals Bacteriuria in Pregnant and Non Pregnant Women in Benghazi - Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Ali Mohamed Al-Mehdawi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Bacteriuria is associated with significant maternal and foetal risks. However, its prevalence is not well known in our community. Objectives: Determine the prevalence and predictors of bacteriuria in women of the Benghazi, Libya as well as the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacterial isolates. Methods: Across-sectional study was carried out amongest pregnant and non-pregnant women attending many polyclinics in Benghazi. We recruited 120 consenting women (60 pregnant and 60 non pregnant) for the study. Demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaire. Clean catch midstream urine was collected from each participant. Samples were examined biochemically, microscopically and by culture. Significant bacteriuria was defined as the presence of 105 bacteria per ml of cultured urine. Identification and susceptibility of isolates was performed using API (BioMerieux, France Company) . Results: Significant bacteriuria was found in the urine of 13.3 % (16) of all women with prevalence of 16.7% in pregnant women. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was detected in 8.3 % (10). The most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (31.2%), E. coli (25%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (18.9%), and were sensitive to gentamycin (GN) 87.5%, azithromycin (AZM)75%, and the less effective antibiotics were cephalexine (CL) and ampicillin (AMP). Conclusion: Bacteriuria is frequent in women particularly pregnant women suggesting the need for routine screening by urine culture, which would allow early treatment to avoid the complications. In addition, UTI infections appears to be multifactorial.

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