scholarly journals Antibiotic and Herbal Sensitivity of Some Aeromonas sp. Isolates Collected from Diseased Carp Fishes

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MN Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Herb Extracts

Studies were conducted to identify Aeromonas sp. isolates collected from disease affected carp fishes (Cyprinus carpio and Labeo rohita), their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and sensitivity to 121 herb extracts. A total of 19 Aeromonas sp. isolates were identified from a total of 84 different isolates through a series of physiological, morphological and biochemical tests. Seven antibiotics viz., streptomycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, sulphamethoxazole, cephradine, oxytetracycline and gentamycin were tested by disc diffusion method where all of the Aeromonas sp. isolates were found sensitive to streptomycin, erythromycin and gentamycin. But, 78.95% of the isolates were found resistant to oxytetracycline. In addition, 5%, 11%, and 16% isolates exhibited resistance to chloramphenicol, cephradine and sulphamethoxazole, respectively. Twenty one percent of the isolates showed multiple resistance to the antibiotics. A total of 121 herb extracts were evaluated for their sensitivity to the fish pathogenic Aeromonas sp. isolates. Among these, 23 herbs were found to possess antimicrobial activity. Leaf extracts of Eugenia caryophyllus, Spondias pinnata and Terminalia chebula were found to inhibit the growth of all the Aeromonas sp. isolates. In this study, multiple antibiotic resistant isolates were also found to be sensitive to several herb extracts. Thus, herbal treatment would promise a greater viable solution for effective treatment of fish disease.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v21i1-2.16758 Progress. Agric. 21(1 & 2): 117 - 129, 2010

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity and in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts to pseudomonas fluorescens isolates collected from diseased fish

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Foysal ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
M Alam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Studies were conducted to identify Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates from a collection of bacteria isolated from bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia infected carp and catfish, evaluate their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and screen the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts against the isolates.. A total of 10 isolates were identified as P. fluorescens by morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test of the P. fluorescens isolates were conducted by disc diffusion method for seven antibiotics where, all of the isolates were found to be sensitive only against streptomycin and gentamycin but, most of the isolates (80%) were found resistant to chloramphenicol (C). Moreover, eighty percent of the isolates showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. A total of 118 plant extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against the P. fluorescens isolates where the isolates exhibited sensitivity to 30 samples. Leaf extracts of Tamarindus indicus, Terminalia chebula, Citrus aurantifolia, Eugenia caryophyllata and Spondias pinnata were found to inhibit the growth of all of the P. fluorescens isolates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i4.9733 IJNS 2011 1(4): 82-88

scholarly journals ACINETOBACTER SPECIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1949-1953
Author(s):  
Aneela Khawaja ◽  
Faiqa Arshad ◽  
Sadaf Aleem
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Introduction: The genetic competencies of bacteria and the resistance have been impeding the usefulness of antibiotic therapy. There has been an alarming increase in the infections caused by Acinetobacter spp. especially the multidrug resistance pattern has narrowed the therapeutic ranges. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Acinetobacter spp., among clinical specimens of tertiary care hospital.Study Design: Descriptive study. Place & Duration of Study: Pathology Department, PGMI, from January 2015 to December 2015. Materials & Methods: Total 8465 clinical specimens were inoculated. Acinetobacter spp. was identified and isolated by the preliminary microbiological and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was implemented by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines (2015). Results: Acinetobacter spp. isolated in 234 (7.29%) clinical specimens among 3208 (37.89%) culture positive isolates. Out of total 234 Acinetobacter spp. isolates 144 (61.54%) were recovered from male patients and 90 (38.46%) from female patients. the frequency of Acinetobacter spp. isolates was seen highest in CSF (23.07%) and lowest in HVS (5.52%) specimens. Maximum samples were recovered from surgical wards 85 (36.32%), while from pediatrics department only 20 (8.54%) samples. Only, 140 (59.82%) isolates were sensitive to tigecycline; while 216 isolates were (92.30%) resistant to salbactam. Conclusion: The progressively increasing threat of Acinetobacter resistant infections can be minimized by judicial use of antibiotics, and implementation of strict infection control policy in health care settings.

scholarly journals BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OF EAR DISCHARGE IN BIR HOSPITAL

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (142) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Arjyal ◽  
S Adhikari ◽  
J Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Culture Sensitivity ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Discharge from the ear is one of the commonest symptoms of infections of the ear.With a view to study the major strains of bacteria encountered in ear discharges, thisstudy was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory, Bir Hospital. The study wasconducted for a period of 6 months from January 2000 - July 2000. A total of 224samples of aural discharges of the outpatients were collected and analysed for bacterialgrowth. These samples were cultured with the use of standard microbiologicaltechniques and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates was also studied invitro with the use of disc diffusion method. Among 224 patients, 50.9% were male and49.1% were female and the age of the patients varied from 6 months to 76 years.Majority of the patients with discharging ear belonged to the age group 11-20 years.Bacterial growth was found in 82.6%. The bacterial isolates were of 13 differentspecies. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated organism (49.4%)followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa(20.9%). Other organisms isolated wereCoagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS), Streptococcus spp., Bacillus sps., Escherichiaspp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp., Edwardsiellaspp.The prevalence of gram positive bacterial isolates was higher than gram negativebacterial isolates. 58.0% of samples showed positive correlation with direct smeargram stain and culture results. Among the antibiotics used, Ciprofloxacin was foundto be the most effective (80.2%) for overall bacterial isolates followed by Gentamicin(68.9%). The result of antibiotic sensitivity was almost similar to gram positive aswell as gram negative isolates.Key Words: Aural discharge, Gram stain, culture, sensitivity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility in wound infections: A pilot study from Bangladesh

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
Mejbah Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab Uddin ◽  
Zubair Ahmed Ratan ◽  
Monali Rajawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Introduction: Infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria have increased alarmingly in both developed and developing countries. Unrestrained and rapidly spreading bacterial growth has turned the management of wound infections into a serious challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility in various types of wound infections. Methods:  A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect 105 wound swabs. All isolated bacteria were identified based on colony characteristics, gram stain and standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) with the disc diffusion method. Descriptive statistics were used to present the study findings, and all analyses were performed using Stata Version 13. Results:  The rate of isolation of bacteria was 92.3%. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most frequent isolate (55.7%), followed by Escherichia coli (23.7%), Pseudomonas spp. (8.2%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (7.2%). Gram-positive bacteria were mostly (60%) found sensitive to vancomycin, azithromycin, gentamicin, imipenem, cefixime, and ceftriaxone in this study. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (>60%) showed sensitivity to cefixime, azithromycin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, gentamycin, and ceftazidime. Conclusions: The diversity of isolated bacteria and their susceptibility patterns signify a need to implement a proper infection control strategy, which can be achieved by carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests of the isolates.

Evaluation of Bacteriological Profile in Active Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media - A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Smitha B ◽  
Swapna U.P ◽  
Salilkumar K
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Maximum Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Two Samples

BACKGROUND Active mucosal chronic otitis media (COM) is a disease of the middle ear cleft associated with inflammation and production of pus. The incidence is high in developing countries. It affects all age groups and both genders. If not properly treated, it can lead to complications. The bacterial isolates and their sensitivity pattern vary from place to place and also over time. Early identification of the microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns helps in proper selection of antibiotics and quick recovery in COM patients. METHODS Fifty patients with active mucosal COM were selected for the study. The study was conducted over a period of one year. Ear swab from the deep external auditory canal was collected under strict aseptic precautions from these patients before starting antibiotic treatment. Microorganisms were identified by gram staining, growth on different agar plates, and various biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS Majority of the patients were in the age group of 21 - 40 years (42 %) with female preponderance (62 %). All patients had a central perforation in the tympanic membrane (100 %). Bacterial growth was seen in 44 samples (88 %). Two samples (4 %) showed fungal growth. Four samples (8 %) showed no growth even after 48 hours of incubation. Single bacterium was isolated in 41 cases (82 %) whereas 3 samples (6 %) showed more than one bacterial growth. The predominant bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50 %) followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The other isolates were coagulase negative staphylococci, enterococci, enterobacter, acinetobacter, and E coli. Pseudomonas showed maximum sensitivity to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam (100 %). The most effective antibiotics for staphylococcus was vancomycin and linezolid. CONCLUSIONS The most common bacteria isolated in active mucosal COM were pseudomonas followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The most effective antibiotics for pseudomonas was amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam. Staphylococcus showed maximum sensitivity to vancomycin and linezolid. KEYWORDS Chronic Otitis Media (COM), Active Mucosal, Ear Swab, Bacteriology, Sensitivity

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extracts ofBaeckea frutescensagainst Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Razmavar ◽  
Mahmood Ameen Abdulla ◽  
Salmah Binti Ismail ◽  
Pouya Hassandarvish
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Baeckea Frutescens ◽  
High Degree

This study was based on screening antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract ofBaeckea frutescensL. against MRSA clinical isolates, analyzes the potential antibacterial compound, and assesses the cytotoxicity effect of the extract in tissue culture. Leaves ofBaeckea frutescensL. were shade dried, powdered, and extracted using solvent ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, and carbohydrates. The presence of these bioactive constituents is related to the antibacterial activity of the plant. Disc diffusion method revealed a high degree of activity against microorganisms. The results confirm thatBaeckea frutescensL. can be used as a source of drugs to fight infections caused by susceptible bacteria.

scholarly journals Detection of pathogenic bacteria associated with earphones used by students of Stamford University Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Omor Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Raihan Ahmed ◽  
Md Raihan Dipu ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The use of earphones has increased in recent times throughout the world especially among the different level of students such as school, college or university who have a higher tendency of sharing these among them. Unlike airline headsets, headphones and stethoscope ear-pieces, ear phones are often shared by multiple users and can be a potential medium for transmission of pathogens, which can give rise to various ear related infections. The objective of this study was to detect the pathogenic bacteria from the ear-phones used by the students of Stamford University Bangladesh. A total of 16 ear-phone swabs were collected by sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were inoculated onto blood agar and incubated aerobically overnight at 37oC. Microscopic observation and standard biochemical tests were performed to confirm the identification of all the bacterial isolates. Six presumptively identified Staphylococcus spp. (38%) were tested against six different types of antibiotics following Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Isolates were found to be 84% resistant against Cotrimoxazole and demonstrated 100% sensitivity to Vancomycin and Ciprorofloxacin. The findings of this study suggest the users to disinfect their respective ear phones and not to exchange them as they may act as a potential source to transfer pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria among the ear phone users. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.10 (1) 2020: 1-4

scholarly journals TO STUDY ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF NONFERMENTATIVE GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, JAIPUR.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirti Hemwani ◽  
P. S. Nirwan ◽  
Preeti Shrivastava ◽  
Abhiraj Ramchandani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Nonfermentative gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) frequently considered as commensals or contaminants but the pathogenic potential of nonfermenters has been proved beyond doubt. They are resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. Aim: This study was undertaken to identify the nonfermenters isolated from various clinical samples and to know their Antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 150 strains of Nonfermenters isolated from 1200 various non repetitive clinical samples received in Department of Microbiology, NIMS Jaipur. Nonfermenters were identified using a standard protocol and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed with the help of the modified Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 150 nonfermenters isolated, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate 134 (89.33%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii 16 (10.67%). Among all clinical samples Pus and Wound Discharge yield maximum isolates of NFGNB i.e. 54 (36%) % followed by sputum (39.0%). Most sensitive drug against NFGNB was Polymyxin-B (100%) followed by Imipenem (86 %) and Amikacin (71.33 %). Conclusion: Nonfermenters have a great potential to survive in a hospital environment so implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs and strict infection control practices will be required to prevent or slow down their emergence and spread. Keywords:  Nonfermenters,  Polymyxin-B, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of Microorganisms Isolated from Vaginal Infections at a Tertiary Hospital in Bangalore, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagalakshmi Narayana-Swamy ◽  
Padmasri Ramalingappa ◽  
Urvashi Bhatara
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The vagina contains dozens of microbiological species in variable quantities and is, therefore, considered a complex environment. Among the microorganisms, bacteria have important repercussions on women’s health. The present study was conducted to elucidate this type of vaginal isolates and their sensitivity towards currently used antibiotics. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sapthagiri Hospital, Bangalore, India from January 2012 to December 2013. All symptomatic women who had a high vaginal swab taken for culture and sensitivity testing were included in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using disc diffusion method (modified Kirby-Bauer’s method). The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolated microorganisms were studied. Results: Out of 200 patients, 95% had positive vaginal cultures. Fifteen types of microorganisms were isolated. The highest frequency of infection was seen at the age of 20-30 years, followed by 41-50 years and 31-40 years, and a low frequency of infection was observed above 50 years of age. The most prevalent pathogen was Escherichia coli, followed by Streptococcus agalactiae and diphtheroids with equal incidence. Among the antibiotics tested, isolated pathogens were completely resistant to nalidixic acid and highly sensitive to meropenem and imepenem. Conclusion: The high prevalence of gynaecological infections demands that patients with symptoms undergo thorough investigation with cultures and sensitivity essays. Changes in treatment protocols are required to treat vaginal infections effectively.

High incidence of treatment failure of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates to ciprofloxacin in male gonococcal urethritis in Delhi

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 564-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chowdhry ◽  
D Pandhi ◽  
S Vidhani ◽  
P Bhalla ◽  
B S N Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteriological Response ◽  
Gonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Several treatment failures and widespread antimicrobial resistance to ciprofloxacin have been documented, subsequent to its initial recommendation in 1989 as a single dose alternative therapy for gonorrhoea. Still, it continues to be part of various treatment schedules in National STD control guidelines including India. This prompted us to study the current status of this drug in the treatment of gonorrhoea. Thirty-five male patients with gonococcal urethritis were included in the study. The susceptibility to penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin by agar plate dilution method. The clinical and bacteriological response was assessed on day 5 after treatment with single dose ciprofloxacin, 500 mg. The sensitivity pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was observed to be: ceftriaxone 100%, azithromycin 100%, tetracycline 65.7%, penicillin 40% and ciprofloxacin 5.7% by disc diffusion method. The MIC for ciprofloxacin was below 0.06 µg/mL (sensitive) in one (2.5%) isolate only. On the fifth day a large number of treatment failures (88.5%) were seen with ciprofloxacin while none was noted one week after re-treatment with ceftriaxone. The location of endemic quinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG) in New Delhi has increased alarmingly, resulting in an extremely high proportion of therapeutic failures, and thus requiring appropriate alterations in the presently recommended treatment regimens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document