The Irredeemable Debt: On the English Translation of Lacan's First Two Public Seminars

Drawing on archival sources and personal recollections, this essay reconstructs the troubled history of the first robust attempt at making the works of the French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan newly available to an anglophone readership, after his death in 1981. It details how the project was initiated by John Forrester as part of a large-scale initiative to generate translations of both Lacan's own texts and seminars, and various books written in the Lacanian tradition. If, almost seven years after it was conceived, Forrester's project only resulted in the publication of English translations of Lacan's first two public seminars, the essay demonstrates that this was not owing to disagreements over the quality of Forrester's work, but because of two consecutive sources of resistance. External resistance from publishers first led to the initial project being reduced to the translation of two seminars, whereas internal resistance from Lacan's son-in-law Jacques-Alain Miller to Forrester's vision of presenting the seminars with a full scholarly apparatus subsequently brought about delays in its execution.

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Efficacy and safety of Si-Jun-Zi-Tang-based therapies for functional (non-ulcer) dyspepsia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-020-03176-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yaping Wang ◽

Bin Liu ◽

Xiuqiong Fu ◽

Tiejun Tong ◽

Zhiling Yu

Keyword(s):

Relapse Rate ◽

Large Scale ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Response Rate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

History Of ◽

Non Ulcer Dyspepsia

Abstract Background The traditional Chinese medicine formula Si-Jun-Zi-Tang (SJZT) has a long history of application in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (non-ulcer dyspepsia, FD)-like symptoms. SJZT-based therapies have been claimed to be beneficial in managing FD. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of SJZT-based therapies in treating FD by meta-analysis. Methods Systematic searches for RCTs were conducted in seven databases (up to February 2019) without language restrictions. Data were analyzed using Cochrane RevMan software version 5.3.0 and Stata software version 13.1, and reported as relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The primary outcome was response rate and the secondary outcomes were gastric emptying, quality of life, adverse effects and relapse rate. The quality of evidence was evaluated according to criteria from the Cochrane risk of bias. Results A total of 341 potentially relevant publications were identified, and 12 RCTs were eligible for inclusion. For the response rate, there was a statically significant benefit in favor of SJZT-based therapies (RR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.30). However, the benefit was limited to modified SJZT (MSJZT). The relapse rate of FD patients received SJZT-based therapies was lower than that of patients who received conventional medicines (OR = 0.23; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.51). No SJZT-based therapies-related adverse effect was reported. Conclusion SJZT-based prescriptions may be effective in treating FD and no serious side-effects were identified, but the effect on response rate appeared to be limited to MSJZT. The results should be interpreted with caution as all the included studies were considered at a high risk of bias. Standardized, large-scale and strictly designed RCTs are needed to further validate the benefits of SJZT-based therapies for FD management. Trial registration Systematic review registration: [PROSPERO registration: CRD42019139136].

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A comparative study of information change in translation of nonfiction literature

Translation Matters ◽

10.21747/21844585/tm3_1a1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 8-24

Author(s):

Nina Havumetsä

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

English Translation ◽

Short History ◽

Translation Strategy ◽

Non Fiction ◽

English Translations ◽

History Of ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Information Changing ◽

Information Change

The present paper compares translations from Russian into Finnish, Swedish, and English of a work of political non-fiction, Всякремлевскаярать: КраткаяисториясовременнойРоссии(lit. All the Kremlin men: A short history of contemporary Russia) by Mikhail Zygar (2016a) and investigates the use of information change as a translation strategy. Information change covers addition and omission of non-inferable content, used either separately or sequentially (i.e. addition following omission resulting in substitution). De Metsenaere’s and Vandepitte’s (2017) notions of addition and omission are applied. The study shows that the translations into Finnish and Swedish exhibit similarly infrequent use of information changing strategies while the English translation appears more liberal in their use. Possible reasons for the additions, omissions, substitutions, and their effects are discussed, as is the potential impact of the English translations on translation norms

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Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon's Histoire naturelle in English, 1775–1815

Archives of Natural History ◽

10.3366/anh.2004.31.2.214 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 214-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jeff Loveland

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

English Language ◽

Histoire Naturelle ◽

English Translations ◽

History Of ◽

Anglophone World

Published in French to considerable acclaim between 1749 and 1767, the 15-volume opening sub-series of Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon's Histoire naturelle was first translated into English in near entirety in 1775–1776. Over the next 40 years, two further comprehensive English-language translations were prepared and published in four editions each. This paper describes the three major English translations of Buffon's Histoire naturelle and compares their coverage, order, style, accuracy and footnotes. Supplemented with information from reviews, advertisements and partial translations and adaptations, the history of the large-scale English-language translations of Histoire naturelle provides clues about Buffon's reception in the Anglophone world.

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The EMBARC European Bronchiectasis Registry: protocol for an international observational study

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00081-2015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 00081-2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

James D. Chalmers ◽

Stefano Aliberti ◽

Eva Polverino ◽

Montserrat Vendrell ◽

Megan Crichton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Large Scale ◽

Research Collaboration ◽

Clinical History ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Neglected Diseases ◽

History Of ◽

Randomised Controlled

Bronchiectasis is one of the most neglected diseases in respiratory medicine. There are no approved therapies and few large-scale, representative epidemiological studies.The EMBARC (European Multicentre Bronchiectasis Audit and Research Collaboration) registry is a prospective, pan-European observational study of patients with bronchiectasis. The inclusion criterion is a primary clinical diagnosis of bronchiectasis consisting of: 1) a clinical history consistent with bronchiectasis; and 2) computed tomography demonstrating bronchiectasis. Core exclusion criteria are: 1) bronchiectasis due to known cystic fibrosis; 2) age <18 years; and 3) patients who are unable or unwilling to provide informed consent.The study aims to enrol 1000 patients by April 2016 across at least 20 European countries, and 10 000 patients by March 2020. Patients will undergo a comprehensive baseline assessment and will be followed up annually for up to 5 years with the goal of providing high-quality longitudinal data on outcomes, treatment patterns and quality of life. Data from the registry will be available in the form of annual reports. and will be disseminated in conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.The European Bronchiectasis Registry aims to make a major contribution to understanding the natural history of the disease, as well as guiding evidence-based decision making and facilitating large randomised controlled trials.

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Epilogue

New Surveys in the Classics ◽

10.1017/s0533245100022434 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 137-138

Keyword(s):

English Translation ◽

The State ◽

De Anima ◽

Scientific Text ◽

English Translations ◽

History Of ◽

Selection Of ◽

As If

In 1864 the biologist George Lewes wrote (p. viii) ‘Numerous and exhaustive as are the works devoted to Aristotle’s moral and metaphysical writings, there is not one which attempts to display, with any fullness, his scientific researches . . . Although Aristotle mainly represents the science of twenty centuries, his scientific writings are almost unknown in England. Casual citations, mostly at second hand, and vague eulogies, often betraying great misconception, are abundant; but rare indeed is the indication of any accurate appreciation extending beyond two works, the De Anima, and the History of Animals. The absence of translations is at once a cause and a sign of this neglect.’Things have improved, a bit, in the intervening 135 years. Cohen and Drabkin brought together a large and diverse selection of English translations of ancient scientific works in 1948. Every year for the last 25 years, on average, there has been a new edition or notification of the discovery of a new scientific text. Galen has been the focus of a recent scholarly project whose proportions reflect his corpus. Nevertheless, despite the 9,000 printed pages of that vast corpus already published, there are still unedited and untranslated treatises surviving in full in Arabic, and two-thirds of the corpus still awaits an English translation. The state of editions and translations of ancient scientific works as a whole remains scandalous by comparison with the torrent of modern works on anything unscientific – about 100 papers per year on Homer, for example. And an embarrassingly large number of classicists are as (if not more) ignorant of Greek scientific works as their predecessors were in 1864.

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Molecular assessment of pathotype diversity of Phytophthora sojae in Canada highlights declining sources of resistance in soybean

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-04-21-0762-re ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Tremblay ◽

Debra L McLaren ◽

Yong Min Kim ◽

Stephen Strelkov ◽

Robert Conner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Rapid Evolution ◽

Phytophthora Sojae ◽

Molecular Assay ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Soybean Germplasm ◽

Molecular Tool ◽

History Of ◽

Molecular Assessment ◽

Specific Expertise

The large-scale deployment of Rps (resistance to Phytophthora sojae) genes in soybean has led to the rapid evolution of the virulence profile (pathotype) of P. sojae populations. Determining the pathotypes of P. sojae isolates is important in selecting soybean germplasm carrying the proper Rps, but this process is fastidious and requires specific expertise. In this work, we used a recently developed molecular assay to assess the pathotypes of P. sojae isolates obtained throughout the provinces of Québec, Ontario and Manitoba. In preliminary assays, the molecular tool showed equivalent prediction of the pathotypes as a phenotyping assay and proved to be much faster to apply while eliminating intermediate values. Following the analysis of nearly 300 isolates, 24 different pathotypes were detected in Québec and Ontario, compared to only eight in Manitoba, where soybean culture is more recent. Pathotype 1a, 1c, 1d was predominant in Québec, while 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1k was the most common in Manitoba. Overall, the results showed that 98 and 86% of the isolates carried pathotype 1a or 1c, respectively, suggesting that Rps1a and Rps1c were no longer effective in Canada. Based on the history of soybean varieties used in surveyed fields, it was found that 84% of them contained Rps genes that were no longer resistant against the pathotypes of the isolates found in the fields. While highlighting an easier and more precise option to assess pathotypes, this study presents the first pan-Canadian survey of P. sojae and stresses the importance of carefully managing the declining sources of resistance.

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Eco-Translatology Perspective on the English Translation of Subtitles in the Documentary Eight Hundred Years of Chu State

Humanities and Social Science Research ◽

10.30560/hssr.v2n3p5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. p5

Author(s):

Zhang Shuyue ◽

Wang Feng

Keyword(s):

Natural Selection ◽

English Translation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Theoretical Perspective ◽

Traditional Culture ◽

Translation Studies ◽

Chinese Traditional Culture ◽

History Of ◽

Translation Methods ◽

Interdisciplinary Theory

Based on the concept of translational eco-environment, oriental ecological wisdom, and the Darwinian principle of natural selection, the concepts of eco-translatology and relevant theoretical ideas were proposed and explained by Professor Hu Gengshen from 2001 on. This interdisciplinary theory of translation studies and ecology considers translation as a translator's adaptation and selection activities, and its translation methods include the linguistic, cultural, and communication aspects. Eight Hundred Years of Chu State is a large-scale documentary about Chu culture. It systematically tells about the great history of the 800 years of Chu State, interpreting the brilliant and splendid civilization of Chu with its magnificent cultural relics, and revealing the laws worth pondering behind its ups and downs. Taking as examples the Chinese-English subtitle translations of the documentary Eight Hundred Years of Chu State, this paper aims to take the interdisciplinary theoretical perspective of eco-translatology to explore its implications for documentary translation from the linguistic, cultural, and communicative dimensions. Aiming also to improve the English translation of Chinese-made documentaries to a higher level, this paper hopes to promote the spread of Chinese traditional culture, especially Jingchu culture, and to enhance the world's understanding of China and its splendid culture.

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Agents of Latin

Target ◽

10.1075/target.28.1.02qi ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 42-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lintao Qi

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

English Translation ◽

Literary Works ◽

The Social ◽

English Translations ◽

History Of ◽

Horizontal Networks ◽

Jin Ping Mei

Abstract Latin has a history of being used in English translations of erotic literary works, but the process of producing and incorporating the Latin into the English target texts has so far remained largely unexplored. Based on the publisher’s archival materials, this paper uncovers the roles of and relationships between the English translator, Latin translator, publisher, printer and copyeditor for the use of Latin in Clement Egerton’s 1939 English translation The Golden Lotus of the classic Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei. I argue that pre-publication censorship was influenced by sophisticated hierarchical and horizontal networks of agents. The Latin passages in The Golden Lotus, which have always been attributed to Egerton, are revealed by the archives to be the work of an unknown Latin scholar. The use of Latin in The Golden Lotus is both reflective of the social context of the 1930s and representative of the complexity of the agential network in translation.

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Old Latin Intervention in the Old English Heptateuch

Anglo-Saxon England ◽

10.1017/s0263675100004555 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 229-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard Marsden

Keyword(s):

Old English ◽

Old Testament ◽

English Translation ◽

General Rule ◽

Fourth Century ◽

Translation Process ◽

English Translations ◽

Patristic Literature ◽

History Of

The Old Testament translations in the compilation known as the Old English Hexateuch or Heptateuch are based on good Vulgate exemplars. That is to say, where variation can be demonstrated between the version associated with Jerome's late fourth-century revision and the pre-Hieronymian ‘Old Latin’ versions, the Old English translations can be shown to derive from exemplars carrying the former. The opening of Genesis–‘On angynne gesceop God heofonan 7 eorðan. seo eorðe soðlice was idel 7 æmti’–illustrates this general rule. Behind it is the Vulgate ‘in principio creauit Deus caelum et terram. terra autem erat inanis et uacua”, not a version with the characteristic ‘old’ readings, such as fecit for creauit and inuisibilis et inconpositas for inani et vacua. Indeed, much of the Old English translation, especially in Genesis, is sufficiently full and faithful for the identification of specific Vulgate variants in the exemplar text to be made with some confidence and for the influence on it of the important Carolingian revisions asssociated with Orléans and Tours to be demonstrated. There is, however, a small number of Old English readings throughout the Heptateuch for which Latin parallels in the thirty or so collated Vulgate manuscripts are unknown or hardly known. Instead, they appear to derive from models available in pre-Hieronymian texts. Uncertainty often surrounds their identification, owing to the complexities both of the translation process and the history of the Latin Bible. Understanding their origins involves consideration of the influence of patristic literature and the liturgy, as well as the availability of ‘contaminated’ exemplar texts.

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Modeling of Dead Wood Potential Based on Tree Stand Data

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11090913 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 913

Author(s):

Ninni Mikkonen ◽

Niko Leikola ◽

Panu Halme ◽

Einari Heinaro ◽

Ari Lahtinen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Boreal Forests ◽

Large Scale ◽

Dead Wood ◽

Growth Models ◽

Surrogate Marker ◽

Forest Growth ◽

Managed Forests ◽

Dead Trees ◽

History Of

Here we present a framework for identifying areas with high dead wood potential (DWP) for conservation planning needs. The amount and quality of dead wood and dying trees are some of the most important factors for biodiversity in forests. As they are easy to recognize on site, it is widely used as a surrogate marker for ecological quality of forests. However, wall-to-wall information on dead wood is rarely available on a large scale as field data collection is expensive and local dead wood conditions change rapidly. Our method is based on the forest growth models in the Motti forest simulator, taking into account 168 combinations of tree species, site types, and vegetation zones as well as recommendations on forest management. Simulated estimates of stand-level dead wood volume and mean diameter at breast height were converted into DWP functions. The accuracy of the method was validated on two sites in southern and northeastern Finland, both consisting of managed and conserved boreal forests. Altogether, 203 field plots were measured for living and dead trees. Data on living trees were inserted into corresponding DWP functions and the resulting DWPs were compared to the measured dead wood volumes. Our results show that DWP modeling is an operable tool, yet the accuracy differs between areas. The DWP performs best in near-pristine southern forests known for their exceptionally good quality areas. In northeastern areas with a history of softer management, the differences between near-pristine and managed forests is not as clear. While accurate wall-to-wall dead wood inventory is not available, we recommend using DWP method together with other spatial datasets when assessing biodiversity values of forests.

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