scholarly journals LANGUAGE CONTEXT NAMING SYSTEM BATAK TOBA CULTURE

JURNAL BASIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
Dairi Sapta Rindu Simanjuntak ◽  
Yunisa Oktavia

A name as part of a language used as a marker of a person's identity. The name will also show the culture of the owner of the name. For example, if you hear the names Johannes, Markus, Samsul, Pardomuan, Rumondang, Sujono and Paijo, it will at least give us an idea of the religion or ethnicity of the owners of these names. In this case, the author will try to uncover the naming system on the Batak Toba ethnic group. In Batak Toba culture itself the naming system is given to a person more than once according to the status of the individual. From birth to death, a person will get several names. The purpose of this study is to describe or describe the Batak Toba ethnic naming system. Data collection is done by capable methods, notes, and records.  The capable method of fishing technique is used to dig up data from informants. The data that has been obtained is recorded and simultaneously recorded. For this method of ability the author selected two informants who were 62 years old. The naming system in batak toba culture is (1) naming in the period before acquiring offspring; (2) Giving a name before being given the real name (prename), (3) Goar Sihadakdanahon (real name / since birth). In goar sihadakdanahon there are several examples of naming taken from the names of the week found in huria Christian Batak Protestant, especially for those who adhere to Christianity. The names are Trinitatis, Letare, Judika, Rogate, Advent, Exaudi, Sebtu Egatima, Seksagesima, Estomihi, Invokatif, Renimiscere, Okuli, Palmarum, Quatimodogenic, Nisericordiasdomini, Jubilate, Kantate, Ephipanias, and Pentekosta, (4) Panggoaran (name of the eldest child/grandson), (5) Goar-goar (nickname), (6) Marga (family name/relative) (7) Naming by Origin or place of birth.

Author(s):  
А.Б. Бушев

В статье обсуждаются дискуссионные вопросы лингвокультурологии, концептологии, языковой картины мира, национального коммуникативного поведения. Рассматриваются не получившие пока однозначного решения дефиниции концепта, различные подходы к отождествлению концепта и понятия, значения и концепта (и основания таких отождествлений). Дискуссионной, по мнению критиков лингвокультурологии, является и методика выделения концепта, преодоление порочного круга рассуждения типа «концепты выделяются по признаку непереводимости, а основным свойством концептов является непереводимость». Неясным предстает вопрос, является ли концепт абстракцией общности говорящих или индивидуальной эмоционально окрашенной единицей сознания. Представлена идея национального языка как фикции, состоящей из множества динамично меняющихся социолектов, что не свидетельствует в пользу возможности выделения «национальных концептов». Обсуждается линия критики концептологии, связанная с обсуждением спорных вопросов этнологии, «национального характера», этноса, народа, нации. Продемонстрирована линия критики лингвокультурологии концептов, исходя из тезиса о невозможности отождествления языка и мышления и языка и культуры. Принципиальная переводимость, синонимия, возможность эквивалентной субституции, билингвизм свидетельствуют в пользу отсутствия непереводимых национальных концептов. Критики лингокультурологии считают, что национальный язык - часто не источник сведений о культуре и мышлении народа. Целый народ не разговаривает на едином национальном языке, который диктует этому народу, как ему мыслить, а также предопределяет модели его поведения. Дискуссионной для критиков концептологии предстает и языковая картина мира. The article discusses the debatable questions of linguistic cultural studies, studies of concepts in linguistics, linguistic cognitive maps, national communicative behavior. The paper scrutinizes the definitions of the concept that are still far from being universally acknowledged and final, looks at different approaches identifying linguistic concepts with meanings and notions ( and at facts that are the foundations of such extrapolations). The mute point for those who criticize conceptual studies is the method of identifying the concept, overcoming the vicious circle in argumentation that «concepts are singled out ad the key elements of the language that cannot be translated properly, and the main characteristic of the concepts is the absence of such adequate translation». It is still not clear whether the concept is the abstract notion of the community or the emotional individual element in the consciousness of the individual user of the language. The paper highlights the idea of representing the national language as a fiction consisting of varieties of social dialects, which are characterized by dynamic changes. This idea is contradicting the possibility of singling out national concepts in national mentality, judging by the language knowledge. Discussed in the paper are the questions of national character, ethnos, nation, ethnology. The paper describes the criticism of conceptology that stresses the fallacies of identifying the language with the culture, and language with the peoples’ character and thinking. The possibility of translation for every word and concept, the status of bilingual consciousness, the possibility of finding synonymous ways of rendering everything are the arguments against unique non-translatable national concepts. The criticism of linguistic conceptual studies states that quite often the language is not a source of national culture and thinking of a whole nation (ethnic group). That ethic group does not possess the language as a mechanism that prompts all the members of the ethnic group how to think and behave. One more debatable question is the existence of the linguistic map of the universe.


2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 575-597
Author(s):  
Dinka Šago

<span>The paper presents the most important novelties proposed by the Law on Amendments of the Land Registry Act from 2013 and 2017, in particular the novelties in an individual correction procedure. The aim of this paper is to show the process of implementation of the individual correction procedure as an efficient institute to harmonize the land registry with the actual property status. Those changes were supposed to contribute to a simplify, speed up and reduce the cost of the process, in order to allow a wider range of interested entities – private interest of owners to update the status of their property, with the secondary purpose – public interest to harmonize the land registry with the real property situation.</span>


2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Dariya D. Grigoreva ◽  
◽  
Mikhail I. Mikheev ◽  
Vera P. Potamskaya ◽  
Roman N. Bashilov ◽  
...  

The article examines the problem of the influence of virtual reality and digital society on the formation of the professional ethos of medical students. Undoubtedly, the totality of digital society, its diffusion into all spheres of existence determines the formation of a person's identity in personal, social and practical modes. At the same time, due to its Biophysics, medical activity is focused on practical activities and direct communication. Virtual reality creates conditions for any person, including students, to form an ideal narcissistic projection that exists within and according to the laws of digital society. The abstractness of the ideal Self comes into conflict with the real Self, creating new ways of alienation and hitherto unseen modes of meaning-loss and existential trauma. In addition, virtual reality limits the content of the communication process, reduces it, formalizes it, and restricts it with artificial rules. The article describes the basic content concepts through which the issues of digital society are denoted. The study sample is fairly uniform and includes 116 TvSMU students aged 19 to 22 years. The article presents data from descriptive statistics and psychodiagnostic techniques. The analysis conducted between the indicators of meaning-life orientations of the individual, the subjective feeling of loneliness and the status of ego-identity, allows us to conclude about the formation of the phenomenon of self-alienation, loss of meaning and existential trauma. The formation of professional identity is a complex symbiotic process that involves qualitative changes and a transition to a new worldview level. It is during this period that the student's psyche is most labile and subject to external influence. The dichotomy of the virtual and the real affects the formation of personality, depriving this process of concreteness and violating the integrity of the socio-cultural and professional thesaurus.


2008 ◽  
pp. 110-134
Author(s):  
Pavlo Yuriyovych Pavlenko

The cornerstone of any religion is its anthropological concept, which seeks to determine the essential orientations of man, to outline the ideological framework of its existence, to represent the idea of ​​its essence, purpose in earthly life. The main task of the religious system is the act of involving and subordinating man to the spiritual divine realm as the realm of the transcendental existence of God. Belief in the real presence of the latter implies a new understanding of oneself, which ultimately leads the religious individual to the desire to be involved in this transcendental existence, to have intimate relations with him, to have a consciousness inherent in God. Note that in this context, all human being is interpreted as a certain arena for this realization. Therefore, the religious life of the individual acquires the status of religious activity.


Author(s):  
Didier Debaise

This chapter poses the question of “reality”. In opposition to a substantialist vision that has notably characterized modernity, Whitehead develops a processual conception of the real which is made of becomings and individuations. This vision of the real is envisaged starting from three distinct questions: First of all, how to exactly define a process of individuation? This question is treated in its historical aspects (Aristotle and Leibniz) and with respect to contemporary philosophy (Simondon and Deleuze). Secondly, where do the forms, the puissances, the virtualities derive from which accompany any individuation? Starting from this question it is most notably the relation with Platonism and its heritage that is elaborated. And third, which vision of time is implied in a theory of individuation? Even though close to Bergson, Whitehead’s philosophy profoundly differs from it with respect to the status of time and builds up new links with contemporary science.


Author(s):  
Rachel Ablow

The nineteenth century introduced developments in science and medicine that made the eradication of pain conceivable for the first time. This new understanding of pain brought with it a complex set of moral and philosophical dilemmas. If pain serves no obvious purpose, how do we reconcile its existence with a well-ordered universe? Examining how writers of the day engaged with such questions, this book offers a compelling new literary and philosophical history of modern pain. The book provides close readings of novelists Charlotte Brontë and Thomas Hardy and political and natural philosophers John Stuart Mill, Harriet Martineau, and Charles Darwin, as well as a variety of medical, scientific, and popular writers of the Victorian age. The book explores how discussions of pain served as investigations into the status of persons and the nature and parameters of social life. No longer conceivable as divine trial or punishment, pain in the nineteenth century came to seem instead like a historical accident suggesting little or nothing about the individual who suffers. A landmark study of Victorian literature and the history of pain, the book shows how these writers came to see pain as a social as well as a personal problem. Rather than simply self-evident to the sufferer and unknowable to anyone else, pain was also understood to be produced between persons—and even, perhaps, by the fictions they read.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Dr. Bilal Ahmad Khan

Islamic economics based on specific concept of universe and the creation of man is contradictory to the concept adopted and accepted by modern science. Islamic economics postulates although ability and expertise is required for progress and growth but distribution of resources completely dependent on it would be cruel, inhuman and bereft of kindness, and lead to oppression. Islamic economics does not favor making human ability and expertise the fulcrum of resource distribution. It should be kind, considerate and based on justice and fairness. This is because according to Islamic philosophy, ownership is considered to be a trust from Allah which has been bestowed on the rich so that they may utilize it correctly. In Islamic economics the role of the individual, has inclinations and his aims and objectives occupy a central position and are vitally important. He is definitely a rational being but his level of rationality is not confined to the calculations of cost and profit. An individual does not want merely to obtain monetary profit and physical pleasure and leisure but he also wants and aims for something beyond what the material world has to offer. The main aim of the study is to find out the relationship between Islam and economics. In Islamic economics the comprehensive moral training of the individual, his technical and educational ability, his aims and his priorities are of primary importance. According to Islamic economics the means of acquiring wealth has the same importance as wealth itself. Dishonesty, abuse of trust and earning of wealth through fraudulent ways and means may perhaps increase the status of an individual but the society suffers because of it on the whole. This leads to an unjust and oppressive economic system.


Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Chhabi Ram Baral

Urban poverty is one of multidimensional issue in Nepal. Increasing immigration from the outer parts of Kathmandu due to rural poverty, unemployment and weak security of the lives and the properties are core causes pushing people into urban areas. In this context how squatter urban area people sustain their livelihoods is major concern. The objectives of the study are to find out livelihood assets and capacities squatters coping with their livelihood vulnerability in adverse situation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are applied for data collection. It is found that squatters social security is weak, victimized by severe health problems earning is not regular with lack of physical facilities and overall livelihood is critical. This study helps to understand what the changes that have occurred in livelihood patterns and how poor people survive in urban area.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
N. S. Alekseeva ◽  
A. E. Druzhinin

Examination of the real estate market shows that implementing innovations in this field is a very difficult task. This prompts the question of the necessity of digitalizing the real estate business and of the demand for online integration platforms in this field.Aim. The presented study aims to assess the demand for online integration platforms in the real estate business.Tasks. The authors compare the online integration platforms in the real estate market with the online integration platforms in the hospitality sector and the individual passenger transport market in terms of the share of user profits that integrators receive for their services on the online platform; compare the share of user profits that integrators receive for their services on the online platform with the equivalent indicator in various other global economic activities; assess the value of the services provided by an online integration platform using the methodology proposed by G. G. Azgaldov and N. N. Karpova.Methods. The data were acquired from public Internet sources and personal interviews with the directors of companies that represent or employ the services of online integration platforms in St. Petersburg. The interviews and work with Internet sources were conducted in November 2019.Results. An integrator in the real estate market receives a share of profits of their service users that is comparable to that of the integrators in the hospitality sector and the individual passenger transport market. The share of profits of a Russian integrator in the real estate market is significantly higher than that in such industries as entertainment, fashion, or sports. The value of an online integration platform can be defined as highly valuable, since the expected value of this indicator is 1.5 times higher than the maximum table value.Conclusions. The performed analysis shows a high demand for online integration platforms in the real estate business. Market participants are willing to pay for the ability to use new digital technologies.


Author(s):  
Alan Cooper

This chapter discusses three aspects of Jewish reception of the Ketuvim (Writings or Hagiographa): the status and authority of the Ketuvim in relation to the Torah (Pentateuch) and the Nevi’im (Prophets); the study and liturgical use of Ketuvim, focusing on the so-called Five Scrolls (hamesh megillot) and the Book of Psalms; and the character of traditional commentary on selected books, including recommendations for further reading. The Ketuvim were considered sacred and inspired, but at a lower level of inspiration than the Torah and the Prophets. They were regarded as diverting and edifying, but insufficiently authoritative to support the promulgation of law, which was the fundamental concern of rabbinic teaching and learning. On the whole, Jewish commentators seek to find consistency in the interpretation of the individual books, “taming” their originality in order to conform their meanings both to the rest of Scripture and to normative Jewish teachings.


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