Rapid Assessment of the COVID-19 Impacts on the Galician (NW Spain) Seafood Sector

This paper aims to develop a rapid assessment of the COVID-19 impact on the Galician (NW Spain) seafood sector, one of the most important maritime regions in the world. Here, we focus not only on the immediate COVID-19 impacts on the extractive fisheries sector, but also on the capacity of the aquaculture and the canned industries to supply seafood markets before and during the pandemic. We synthesize multiple data sources from across the seafood supply chain to show the relative initial responses and variables of recovery during a pre-COVID-19 period (2015–2019) and during the pandemic (2020). Our study shows that seafood sectors and trade were disrupted by abrupt shifts in demand, supply and limitations on the movement of people and goods, with a wide range of impacts and consequences for the seafood sectors. We find that domestic landings, Galician aquaculture production and imports and exports of seafood products (fresh, live and frozen) in 2020 showed an important decrease. In contrast, the canned production and the imports and exports of prepared and preserved seafood products followed an increasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. We record a change in the consumption behavior of the Galician population, which significantly increased expenditure in fresh and canned seafood products during the first confinement. Overall, the Galician seafood sectors were able to ensure the supply of seafood products to the population during the period of confinement decreed as a result of the COVID-19 crisis. Proximity to markets, investment in domestic or nearby supply chains and the development of new technological innovations helped to avoid food shortages and loss of livelihoods in Galicia. Fishers and fishing enterprises have also acted collectively to reassert their rights to provide essential and high quality seafood products to the Galician population, their livelihoods and safe working conditions, and have leveraged relationships and collaborations with their government counterparts to continue fishing.

Download Full-text

Natural Hazards – Nonlinearities and Assessment

Research in Geophysics ◽

10.4081/rg.2011.e2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

Gerassimos A. Papadopoulos

Keyword(s):

Natural Hazards ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Loss Of Life ◽

The People ◽

Reliable Assessment ◽

Wide Range ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

And Control

Geosciences are developing and applying a wide range of methodologies to assess natural hazards. Significant advances in the site characterization and models development have been achieved in the last decade, but many challenges still remain. Several disastrous earthquakes in the past decade accompanied with tsunamis have required a rapid assessment of the underlying causes of the tragic loss of life and property. Natural disasters risk reduction and control as a crucial criterion for sustainable development and minimizing social and economic loss and disruption due to earthquakes, tsunamis and other hazards requires reliable assessment of the seismic and tsunami hazard, as well as mitigation actions of the vulnerability of the built environment and risk. All of these provide the critical basis for improved building codes and construction emergency response plans for the people and infrastructure safety and protection.

Download Full-text

Marketplace Shrimp Mislabeling in North Carolina

10.1101/734376 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Morgan L. Korzik ◽

Hannah M. Austin ◽

Brittany Cooper ◽

Caroline Jasperse ◽

Grace Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Dna Barcoding ◽

Health Risks ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Eastern Pacific ◽

Species Identity ◽

Wide Range ◽

Seafood Products ◽

Whiteleg Shrimp

AbstractSeafood mislabeling occurs in a wide range of seafood products worldwide, resulting in public distrust, economic fraud, and health risks for consumers. We quantified the extent of shrimp mislabeling in coastal and inland North Carolina. We used standard DNA barcoding procedures to determine the species identity of 106 shrimp sold by 60 vendors across North Carolina as “local” shrimp. Thirty-four percent of the purchased shrimp was mislabeled, and surprisingly the percentage did not differ significantly between coastal and inland counties. Roughly one third of product incorrectly marketed as “local” was in fact whiteleg shrimp: an imported, and very likely farmed, species from the eastern Pacific (and not found in North Carolina waters). In addition to the negative ecosystem consequences of shrimp farming (e.g., the loss of mangroves forests and the coastal buffering they provide) and seafood importation, North Carolina fishers—as with local fishers elsewhere—are negatively impacted when vendors label farmed, frozen, and imported shrimp as local, fresh, and wild-caught.

Download Full-text

FEATURES OF THE LEAN PRODUCTION IMPLEMENTATION AT THE ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE’S DAIRY INDUSTRY

Three Seas Economic Journal ◽

10.30525/2661-5150/2021-2-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Mariia Foshchii ◽

Natalia Krasnokutska

Keyword(s):

Detailed Analysis ◽

Lean Manufacturing ◽

Lean Production ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Dairy Industry ◽

Short Period ◽

Analysis And Synthesis ◽

Production Concept ◽

Definition Of ◽

Safe Working

The purpose of the paper is to study the features of the lean production implementation in the dairy industry of Ukraine. Methodology. To achieve the purpose and solve the tasks set in the paper, a system of general and special research methods was used, namely methods of scientific knowledge (scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, deduction, generalization) to study the theoretical principles of the lean production implementation in Ukraine’s enterprises, and questionnaire to assess the lean production implementation’s effectiveness in the enterprises of Ukraine’s dairy industry. Results of the survey examine the theoretical and methodological foundations of the “lean production” concept: taking into account all the definitions mentioned above, the following author’s definition of lean production is put forward: lean production is a system of the enterprise, which is constantly improving, aimed at building all processes in a continuous flow of value creation by preventing and eliminating all types of losses, involving staff in teamwork based on project approaches and maintaining safe working conditions in order to create attractive value for the consumer. Methodological support for rapid assessment of the lean production implementation’s effectiveness on the basis of employee surveys has been developed and the efficiency of the lean production implementation at the enterprises of Ukraine’s dairy industry has been assessed. It is concluded about the lack of effectiveness of implementing lean production at three enterprises of Ukraine’s dairy industry. This is due to the short period of the lean production implementation, as Enterprise 1 only started implementation at the end of 2020. Based on the survey and questionnaire of employees and managers of Ukraine’s dairy industry, the main stereotypes related to the implementation of lean production are identified and refuted, and the reasons for the slow and inefficient implementation of lean production are identified. Lean manufacturing cannot be implemented once and for all, it must be done constantly, because lean manufacturing is a tool for gaining a competitive advantage. Scientific novelty: methodological support for rapid assessment of the lean production implementation’s effectiveness has been further developed, which, unlike others, takes into account the peculiarities of the dairy industry and allows to determine problems and prospects for enterprise development on the basis of a questionnaire. A promising direction of research is a more detailed analysis of the “lean production polygon”, which is based on the survey. A more detailed analysis of the underlying three pentagons will reveal problems in the three subsystems of lean production.

Download Full-text

The Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory Can Overestimate Burnout: A Study of Anesthesiology Residents

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9010061 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 61 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wan Yen Lim ◽

John Ong ◽

Sharon Ong ◽

Ying Hao ◽

Hairil Rizal Abdullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Predictive Value ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Response Rate ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Data Sources ◽

Clinical Correlation ◽

Multiple Data ◽

Wide Range ◽

Actual Prevalence

The Maslach Burnout Inventory for healthcare professionals (MBI-HSS) and its abbreviated version (aMBI), are the most common tools to detect burnout in clinicians. A wide range in burnout prevalence is reported in anesthesiology, so this study aimed to ascertain which of these two tools most accurately detected burnout in our anesthesiology residents. The MBI-HSS and aMBI were distributed amongst 86 residents across three hospitals, with a total of 58 residents completing the survey (67.4% response rate; 17 male and 41 female). Maslach-recommended cut-offs for the MBI-HSS and the aMBI with standard cut-offs were used to estimate burnout prevalence, and actual prevalence was established clinically by a thorough review of multiple data sources. Burnout proportions reported by the MBI-HSS and aMBI were found to be significantly different; 22.4% vs. 62.1% respectively (p < 0.0001). Compared to the actual prevalence of burnout in our cohort, the MBI-HSS detected burnout most accurately; area under receiver operating characteristic of 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92–1.0). Although there was a good correlation between the MBI-HSS and aMBI subscale scores, the positive predictive value of the aMBI was poor; 33.3% (95% CI:27.5–39.8%), therefore caution and clinical correlation are advised when using the aMBI tool because of the high rates of false-positives.

Download Full-text

A RAPID ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE SOCIAL COST OF CARBON

Climate Change Economics ◽

10.1142/s2010007813500012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 1350001 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

STEPHEN C. NEWBOLD ◽

CHARLES GRIFFITHS ◽

CHRIS MOORE ◽

ANN WOLVERTON ◽

ELIZABETH KOPITS

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Social Cost ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Expected Value ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Certainty Equivalent ◽

Social Cost Of Carbon ◽

Present Value ◽

The Social ◽

Wide Range

The "social cost of carbon" (SCC) is the present value of the stream of future damages from one additional unit of carbon emissions in a particular year. This paper develops a rapid assessment model for the SCC. The model includes the essential ingredients for calculating the SCC at the global scale and is designed to be transparent and easy to use and modify. Our goal is to provide a tool to help analysts and decision-makers quickly explore the implications of various modeling assumptions for the SCC. We use the model to conduct sensitivity analyses over some of the key input parameters, and we compare estimates of the SCC under certainty and uncertainty in a Monte Carlo analysis. We find that, due to the combined effects of uncertainty and risk aversion, the certainty-equivalent SCC can be substantially larger than the expected value of the SCC. In our Monte Carlo simulation, the certainty-equivalent SCC is more than four times larger than the expected value of the SCC, and we show that this result depends crucially on how the uncertain preference parameters are handled. We also compare the approximate present value of benefits estimated using the SCC to the exact value of compensating variation in the initial period for a wide range of hypothetical emission reduction policies.

Download Full-text

Using radiometric data to identify æolian dust additions to topsoil of the Hillston district, western NSW

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr03026 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 1439 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

S. R. Cattle ◽

S. N. Meakin ◽

P. Ruszkowski ◽

R. G. Cameron

Keyword(s):

Gamma Ray ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Clay Content ◽

Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽

Catchment Scale ◽

Aeolian Dust ◽

Aeolian Sediments ◽

Wide Range ◽

Radiometric Data ◽

Dust Accumulation

The identification and characterisation of æolian dust additions to Australian soil profiles has been attempted using a wide range of analytical techniques. Such techniques are often reliant on specialised equipment and operator expertise, but do not necessarily yield information on the spatial distribution of deposited dust across the landscape. An airborne geophysical technique which measures naturally occurring gamma-rays may now assist in the rapid assessment of dust accumulation sites at the catchment scale. This technique, known as gamma ray spectrometry or radiometrics, assesses the potassium (K), uranium (U), and thorium (Th) contents of the Earth's surface, and may potentially distinguish æolian sediments from the underlying rock or in situ developed soil profile by their differing K, U, and/or Th-bearing mineral suites. This paper summarises a study of this technique for identifying æolian dust in topsoils of the Hillston district in western New South Wales. Using airborne with follow-up ground-based radiometric data, a variable relationship was established between large K signatures and apparent topsoil dust accumulations, which were identified as containing appreciable feldspar and illite. The previously established correlation between topsoil clay content and eTh (equivalent Th) concentration was also observed in this region, indicating that the technique may allow for rapid identification of landform features with significant clay and silt enrichment, as often occurs with dust accession. Despite the ubiquity of æolian sediments in this region, the radiometric data were moderately effective in discriminating different dune systems and may therefore represent a useful initial technique for discerning likely areas of dust accumulation in this environment. However, in areas influenced by fluvial sediments, the radiometric signatures were not necessarily indicative of the topsoil dust content.

Download Full-text

The transition toward resilient water management regimes: where are we now?

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13592 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matteo Mannocchi

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Main Trend ◽

Management Approach ◽

Institutional Settings ◽

Management Regime ◽

Wide Range ◽

Management Regimes

Hydro-Meteorological Hazards (HMH) such as drought, floods and storm surge have always constituted a threat to social-ecological systems (SES) but, due to increasing uncertainties caused by climate and by rapidly changing socio-economic boundary conditions, it is necessary to step up effort to mitigate the risks. More attention should be devoted to understanding and managing the transition from traditional management regimes to more sustainable and resilient regimes that take into account environmental, technological, economic, institutional and cultural characteristics of river basins.Since the 1990s many scholars, from both natural and social sciences, have urged to integrate knowledge and shed light on the functioning of the SESs in order to increase resilience to perturbances (Berkes and Folke 1998). As sustainability science is mainly a problem-driven and solution-oriented field that follows a transformational agenda (Lang 2012), it becomes evident that the nexus between environmental, political and institutional dimensions cannot be ignored to accelerate the path toward sustainability. &#160;There is consensus that the complex, non-linear and rather unpredictable nature of HMHs, exacerbated by climate change, should require a more adaptive (Armitage 2007), flexible and holistic (Holling 2002) management approach that can speed up and reinforce the learning loops to allow for more rapid assessment and implementation of the consequences of new insights and scientific evidence (Pahl Wostle 2007). Cooperation among a wide range of stakeholders with different knowledge, expertise and views is often indicated as a prerequisite to establish a resilient and adaptive water management regime (Olsson et al. 2004). These principles mainstreamed since the beginning of the 2000s and synthesized by concepts like &#8220;co-management&#8221;, &#8220;adaptive and integrated management&#8221;, or &#8220;adaptive co-management&#8221;, are the pillars of what is considered a paradigm shift in water management (Pahl Wostle and Nicola 2011) and have inspired institutional settings, policies, and practices.However, the debate is still ongoing to determine at what stage of the transition we are in, whether the aforementioned principles have been adopted and translated into practices on a wide scale, and whether and how such practices have contributed to increasing the resilience of the SES. It will be critically examined the literature trying to identify the main trend of the last two decades. The review will be accompanied by the case-studies upon which theories have been built and tested.

Download Full-text

Research of the somatic health of student youth using information and communication technologies

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016610034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 166 ◽

pp. 10034

Author(s):

Oksana Gorna ◽

Tatiana Stanishevskа ◽

Tatiana Kopulova ◽

Olga Yusupova ◽

Daria Horban

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Social Changes ◽

Somatic Health ◽

Monitoring Model ◽

Information Program ◽

Wide Range ◽

Information And Communication

The article is devoted to the issues of using information-communication technologies for monitoring the physical health of students, which will enable them to be more successful, adaptable to the environment and current social changes in the future. The study included determining the level of somatic health by the method of G. L. Apanasenko. The rapid assessment had a fairly wide range of individual indicators of overall health, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory system functionality. The analysis of the conducted studies clearly indicates the need for constant monitoring of the indicators of physical development and somatic health of students throughout the study period. In order to objectively evaluate somatic health and to track it in dynamics, the students proposed the information and communication technology “Health Portfolio” developed by the authors. The implementation of such monitoring model and information program provides an automated assessment of the functionality of the human body and is accurate, informative and physiologically sound. Due to the increase in the amount of all kinds of information, as a pledge of future professional success of modern students, there is a problem of motivation of healthy lifestyle and involvement of students in independent motor activity.

Download Full-text

Application of genetics and genomics to aquaculture development: current and future directions

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859610001152 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 149 (S1) ◽

pp. 143-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

B. McANDREW ◽

J. NAPIER

Keyword(s):

Small Proportion ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Current Paper ◽

Future Directions ◽

Genetic Gains ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Future ◽

Genetics And Genomics ◽

Aquaculture Development ◽

Aquaculture Production

SUMMARYGlobal aquaculture production continues to grow rapidly yet a small proportion of the animals and plants being used come from managed breeding and improvement programmes. The biology of aquatic organisms offer many opportunities for rapid genetic gains as new genetic and genomic techniques make the management of improvement programmes feasible in a wider range of species. The current paper describes the application of a wide range of techniques, many unique to aquatic organisms, and their potential to secure aquaculture production in the future.

Download Full-text

Rapid assessment of disaster damage using social media activity

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.1500779 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. e1500779 ◽

Cited By ~ 202

Author(s):

Yury Kryvasheyeu ◽

Haohui Chen ◽

Nick Obradovich ◽

Esteban Moro ◽

Pascal Van Hentenryck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Online Social Networks ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Early Warning Systems ◽

The United States ◽

Hurricane Sandy ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Wide Range ◽

Per Capita ◽

Twitter Activity

Could social media data aid in disaster response and damage assessment? Countries face both an increasing frequency and an increasing intensity of natural disasters resulting from climate change. During such events, citizens turn to social media platforms for disaster-related communication and information. Social media improves situational awareness, facilitates dissemination of emergency information, enables early warning systems, and helps coordinate relief efforts. In addition, the spatiotemporal distribution of disaster-related messages helps with the real-time monitoring and assessment of the disaster itself. We present a multiscale analysis of Twitter activity before, during, and after Hurricane Sandy. We examine the online response of 50 metropolitan areas of the United States and find a strong relationship between proximity to Sandy’s path and hurricane-related social media activity. We show that real and perceived threats, together with physical disaster effects, are directly observable through the intensity and composition of Twitter’s message stream. We demonstrate that per-capita Twitter activity strongly correlates with the per-capita economic damage inflicted by the hurricane. We verify our findings for a wide range of disasters and suggest that massive online social networks can be used for rapid assessment of damage caused by a large-scale disaster.

Download Full-text