scholarly journals Continuous Monitoring of the Thermoregulatory Response in Endurance Horses and Trotter Horses During Field Exercise: Baselining for Future Hot Weather Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth-Lidwien J. M. M. Verdegaal ◽  
Gordon S. Howarth ◽  
Todd J. McWhorter ◽  
Berit Boshuizen ◽  
Samantha H. Franklin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Cost Of Transport ◽  
The Face ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Equine Welfare ◽  
Field Exercise

Establishing proper policies regarding the recognition and prevention of equine heat stress becomes increasingly important, especially in the face of global warming. To assist this, a detailed view of the variability of equine thermoregulation during field exercise and recovery is essential. 13 endurance horses and 12 trotter horses were equipped with continuous monitoring devices [gastrointestinal (GI) pill, heartrate (HR) monitor, and global positioning system] and monitored under cool weather conditions during four endurance rides over a total of 80 km (40 km loops) and intense trotter track-based exercise over 1,540 m. Recordings included GI temperature (Tc), speed, HR and pre- and post-exercise blood values. A temperature time profile curve of Tc was constructed, and a net area under the curve was calculated using the trapezoidal method. Metabolic heat production and oxygen cost of transport were also calculated in endurance horses. Maximum Tc was compared using an independent samples t-test. Endurance horses (mean speed 14.1 ± 1.7 km h–1) reached mean maximum Tc (39.0 ± 0.4°C; 2 × 40 km in 8 horses) during exercise at 75% of completion of Tc exercise and Tc returned to baseline within 60 min into recovery. However, the mean Tc was still 38.8 ± 0.4°C at a HR of 60 bpm which currently governs “fit to continue” competition decisions. Trotters (40.0 ± 2.9 km h–1) reached a comparable mean max Tc (38.8 ± 0.5°C; 12 horses) always during recovery. In 30% of trotters, Tc was still >39°C at the end of recovery (40 ± 32 min). The study shows that horses are individuals and thermoregulation monitoring should reflect this, no matter what type of exercise is performed. Caution is advised when using HR cut-off values to monitor thermal welfare in horses since we have demonstrated how Tc can peak quite some time after finishing exercise. These findings have implications for training and management of performance horses to safeguard equine welfare and to maximize performance.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality (IAQ): Accuracy of Natural Ventilation for Temperature, Air Flow Rate and Relative Humidity (RH) in School Building Classrooms

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.9) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Norsafiah Norazman ◽  
Adi Irfan Che Ani ◽  
Nor Haslina Ja’afar ◽  
Muhamad Azry Khoiry
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Hot Weather

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is an essential matter in achieving students’ satisfaction for the learning process. Building’s orientation is a factor that may encourage sufficient natural ventilation for the classroom occupants. Inadequate ventilation is an issue for most existing classrooms. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the accuracy of natural ventilation in classrooms. Therefore, experimental on 20 classrooms has been conducted by using Multipurpose Meter at secondary school buildings in Malaysia. The findings indicated that the accuracy of natural ventilation testing was below the permissible limits throughout the hours monitored, thus this may cause potential health hazards to the students. Temperature and air flow rates were lower than 23 °C and 0.15 m/s respectively, it fulfilled the basic requirements as a standard learning environment. However, measurements taken showed the overall relative humidity (RH) in the classrooms can be categorized as acceptable with 40% to 70% range. On the basis of these findings, it is evident that naturally ventilated classrooms are important especially due to energy efficiency, whereas mechanical ventilation should only be installed as an alternative under extremely hot weather conditions.   

scholarly journals Hubungan Shalat Fardu Berjamaah Dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Pada Jamaah Mesjid Al Jihad Banjarmasin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jauhari ◽  
Asmaran AS ◽  
Siti Faridah
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
The Face ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Distance Difference ◽  
Stress Burden ◽  
Heart And Mind ◽  
Relationship Of

Al Jihad  Mosque Banjarmasin is a mosque that is identical with Muhammadiyah, this mosque is followed by many pilgrims and loyal at the time of the implementation of prayers fardu congregation. Jamaah consists of various groups regardless of background, both in terms of age, economy, organization and even the sick pilgrims (post-stroke) are actively involved in congregation. Active Jamaat prayers in congregation do not only come from residents around the mosque complex, but also many pilgrims who come from outside the mosque complex, even the distance difference between their residence with the mosque a few kilometers. In heavy rainy weather conditions, they still enthusiastically follow the prayers in congregation fardu mosque. In addition, there are things that are felt by pilgrims such as comfort, tranquility of heart and mind, emotional stability, silaturrahim which all is related to emotional intelligence.In this study, the main problem is how is the relationship of prayer in congregation with emotional intelligence in the congregation of Al Jihad Mosque Banjarmasin ?. The method used is quantitative and qualitative descriptive method with methodological arrangement such as approach and type of research, research location, population and sample, data and data source, procedure and data collection, quantitative and qualitative technical data analysis.The result of the study found that there is a correlation between salat fardu congregation with emotional intelligence, this is proved by the data from questionnaires from 30 pilgrims (respondents) that is: able to control the impulse of worldly lusts with the highest opinion is 60% said yes and 40% stated sometimes .Motivating yourself with the highest opinion is 90% states yes and 10% states sometimes. Able to survive in the face of trials with the highest opinion is 86.67 states yes and 13, 33 states sometimes. No exaggeration with the highest opinion is 90% states yes and 10% states sometimes. Being able to set the mood with the highest opinion is 86.33% and 13.33 states sometimes. Keeping the stress burden does not cripple the thinking ability with the highest opinion is 90% states yes and 10% states sometimes. The ability to empathize and pray with the highest opinion is 90% say yes and 10% say sometimes.

Fresh, Durability and Mechanical Behavior of Self Consolidating Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash and Admixture under Hot Weather

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 453-457
Author(s):  
Samer Al Martini ◽  
Reem Sabouni ◽  
Abdel Rahman Magdy El-Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
The Self ◽  
Fresh Properties ◽  
Self Consolidating Concrete ◽  
Slump Flow ◽  
Hot Weather

The self-consolidating concrete (SCC) become the material of choice by concrete industry due to its superior properties. However, these properties need to be verified under hot weather conditions. The paper investigates the behavior of SCC under hot weather. Six SCC mixtures were prepared under high temperatures. The SCC mixtures incorporated polycarboxylate admixture at different dosages and prolonged mixed for up to 2 hours at 30 °C and 40 °C. The cement paste was replaced with 20% of fly ash (FA). The fresh properties were investigated using slump flow, T50, and VSI tests. The compressive strength was measured at 3, 7, and 28 days. The durability of SCC mixtures was evaluated by conducting rapid chloride penetration and water absorption tests.

scholarly journals Physiology of exercise in orofacial motricity: knowledge about the issue

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geciane Maria Xavier Torres ◽  
Carla Patrícia Hernandez Alves Ribeiro César
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Muscular Contraction ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Serial Number ◽  
The Face ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Education In Brazil ◽  
Speech Therapists

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the knowledge of speech therapists about the physiology of exercise in orofacial motricity. Methods: 38 speech therapists working in orofacial motricity in the state of Sergipe, Brazil, graduated from institutions of higher education in Brazil, answered eleven closed questions about the type of exercise, frequency, time of muscle contraction, serial number and signs and symptoms of muscular fatigue. The results were analyzed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-square tests (5% significance). Results: the variation of the exercises regarding the time of contraction was cited by the majority (89.47%) and the serial number throughout therapy by all the participants. There was a 60.52% improvement on the isometric and isotonic exercises, 55.26% on the application of exercises in asymmetries and 47.34% on the sequence of exercises according to the type of muscular contraction. The majority of the participants conducted home exercises for more than three days a week (73.69%), and .63% participants indicated the interval time between one minute and two minutes. The most commonly reported signs and symptoms of muscle fatigue in the face were tremor / fibrillation (78.95%). Conclusion: the knowledge of the study group about the physiology of exercise still lacks greater technical-scientific subsidies.

scholarly journals Motivation for Heat Adaption: How Perception and Exposure Affect Individual Behaviors During Hot Weather in Knoxville, Tennessee

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa L. Hass ◽  
Kelsey N. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Heat Vulnerability

Heat is the deadliest meteorological hazard; however, those exposed to heat often do not feel they are in danger of heat-health effects and do not take precautions to avoid heat exposure. Socioeconomic factors, such as the high cost of running air conditioning, might prevent people from taking adaption measures. We assessed via a mixed-methods survey how residents of urban Knoxville, Tennessee, (n = 86) describe and interpret their personal vulnerability during hot weather. Thematic analyses reveal that many respondents describe uncomfortably hot weather based on its consequences, such as health effects and the need to change normal behavior, which misaligns with traditional heat-communication measures using specific weather conditions. Only 55% of those who perceived excessive heat as dangerous cited health as a cause for concern. Respondents who have experienced health issues during hot weather were more likely to perceive heat as dangerous and take actions to reduce heat exposure. Social cohesion was not a chief concern for our respondents, even though it has been connected to reducing time-delayed heat-health effects. Results support using thematic analyses, an underutilized tool in climatology research, to improve understanding of public perception of atmospheric hazards. We recommend a multi-faceted approach to addressing heat vulnerability.

Proportioning RCCP mixes under hot weather conditions for a specified tensile strength

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham Y. Qasrawi ◽  
Ibrahim M. Asi ◽  
H.I.Al-Abdul Wahhab
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Hot Weather

scholarly journals Constructive basis for the development of the extreme zones of Siberia and the Russian arctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.13) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Sarvut
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Type

The paper describes the constructive basis for building and structure designing in the difficult regions of Siberia and the Russian Arctic and development of a new approach to the design of buildings and structures in the Russian Arctic in the face of climate change. Severe climate and weather conditions of the northwestern territories of Russia are rapidly changing due to the global warming. The structural changes in development and construction, following this irreversible process, are highlighted and discussed in relation to the foundations and constructive systems. The paper provides an overview of methods and technological approaches to the extreme zone construction. The application of modern methods of design and construction with the involvement of competent "practitioners" increases the pace of construction and reduces its cost; Architectural and constructive solutions should focus on the developing areas of business and tourism. We suggest the possible protective measures against the transgression of the World Ocean and thawing of the permafrost. The term “special Arctic bases”, denoting the new type of settlements in the Russian Arctic, is introduced. The introduction of constructive solutions and the development of planning solutions for the bases will help to ensure a stable activity in the region.  

Exposure to chloroquine in male adults and children aged 9–11 years with malaria due to Plasmodium vivax

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Valeria Dias Ferreira Vieira ◽  
José Luiz Fernandes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Asexual Blood Stage ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background Chloroquine is effective against the asexual blood stage of Plasmodium vivax. A high proportion of children are underdosed with the drug, but there are no studies comparing chloroquine exposure in adults and children aged 8–11 years old. The present study intends to compare these populations using the area under the curve (AUC) derived from the plasma concentration-time profile in patients with P. vivax. Methods A prospective study of cases was performed on male children (aged 9–11 years) and adults with vivax malaria. Blood samples were collected after several days of treatment. Chloroquine was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. A non-compartmental pharmacokinetic model was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug. Results A total of 20 children and 25 adults were included in the study. Plasma concentrations of chloroquine in older children ranged from 67 to 1112 ng/ml, and in adults the value ranged from 74 to 1147 ng/ml. The AUC to the last measurable concentration and to infinite was significantly lower in children than in adults, indicating a lower exposure to the drug. Conclusion These data demonstrate lower exposure to chloroquine in children, which corroborates the importance of optimising the doses of chloroquine in the study age band to ensure adequate exposure to the drug.

Validation of the Vertical Facial Growth Screening Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1187-1193
Author(s):  
Christian Calvo-Henriquez ◽  
Silvia Martins-Neves ◽  
Gabriel Martinez-Capoccioni ◽  
Daniela Neves-Leal ◽  
Alberto Ruano-Ravina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
The Face ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background. Vertical facial growth has a high prevalence. Nonspecialized professionals have shown low sensitivity to identify patients at risk. In the face of this difficulty, we designed and validated a screening checklist for vertical facial growth. Methods. A multidisciplinary team of 5 members developed the Vertical Facial Growth Screening Test. A sample of 160 evaluations was obtained. We consider as the gold standard the evaluation of 2 specialists in dentofacial orthopedics. Results. Consistency measured with Cronbach α was .675 for 10 items. Test-retest reliability was .956. The interobserver concordance was .886. The receiver operating characteristic curve has .987 area under the curve. Conclusion. This is the first study to design and validate a screening checklist for vertical facial growth for nonexpert evaluators. We think that given its good performance, ease of use, inexpensiveness, and availability, the test could be useful for nontrained professionals dealing with children.

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