scholarly journals Effects of Allium mongolicum Regel and Its Flavonoids on Constipation

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chen ◽  
Zhijuan Ding ◽  
Yuzheng Wu ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Mengyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Calcium Flux ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Ip3 Receptor ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Intestinal Movement

Constipation is a common bowel disease in adults with the symptoms of dry stool or difficulty passing stool. Compared with medication therapy, patients show more compliance with the diet therapy, and thus the diet therapy normally exhibits better therapeutic effect. Allium mongolicum Regel s a perennial herb of Liliaceae native to Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and China, which is traditionally used for constipation. In this paper, we partly clarify the effectiveness of A. mongolicum on constipation from two aspects, including maintaining colon water content and increasing intestinal transit. In loperamide-induced constipation mice model, nine days oral administration of A. mongolicum 50% ethanolic extract increased luminal side water content and regulated intestinal movement rhythm to normalize stools. The activity at least partly related to down-regulation of colon aquaporins 3 (AQP3) expression, and up-regulation and activation of G protein alpha (Gα) and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K). Further, activities on intestine movements were tested using compounds isolated from A. mongolicum. Three kinds of major flavonoids significantly increased cellular calcium flux in HCT116 cells and promoted mice intestine smooth muscle contraction. The activity may be related to M choline receptor, μ opioid receptor, 5-HT3 receptor, and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor.

scholarly journals Inhibition study of proinflammatory factor with ethanolic extract of propolis on innate immunity from diabetes mellitus mice model

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Pristiwanto ◽  
Sutiman B. Sumitro ◽  
Muhammad S. Djati ◽  
Aris Soewondo ◽  
Hideo Tsuboi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Innate Immunity Cells ◽  
Proinflammatory Factor ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

Health becomes an important topic today. One current problem was how to treat the effects of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus, this study used an ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), to test their ability as the supplement in the diabetes treatment to reduce inflammation, through proinflammatory factor response, especially nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). The streptozotocin- induced diabetes mellitus (SID) mice model was used, and expression of an proinflammatory factor was analyzed in their innate immunity cells with 3 doses of EEP, i.e. 50 mg/kg body weight, 100 mg/kg body weight, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Treatment of EEP in SID with three doses treatment decrease the number of macrophages with NF-κB expression significantly with DM control group. The results of B cells with NF-κB expression showed that EEP treatment in SID could decrease in dose 1 and dose 3, but not in dose 2. Proinflammatory cytokines expression of macrophage, especially Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interferon-γ, with EEP treatment in SID could decrease in three doses. This study suggests that EEP could reduce inflammation by inhibiting the development of NF-κB in innate immunity cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sedative and Hypnotic Activity of Ethanolic Extract ofScoparia dulcisLinn.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Md. Atikur Rahman ◽  
Afia Ferdous
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Thiopental Sodium ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Hypnotic Activity

Scoparia dulcisLinn. (SD) is a perennial herb that has been well studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective effects. However, scientific information on SD regarding the neuropharmacological effect is limited. This study evaluated the sedative and hypnotic effect of the ethanolic extract of whole plants ofScoparia dulcis(EESD). For this purpose, the whole plants ofS. dulciswere extracted with ethanol following maceration process and tested for the presence of phytochemical constituents. The sedative and hypnotic activity were then investigated using hole cross, open field, hole-board, rota-rod, and thiopental sodium-induced sleeping time determination tests in mice at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of EESD. Diazepam at the dose of 1 mg/kg was used as a reference drug in all the experiments. We found that EESD produced a significant dose-dependent inhibition of locomotor activity of mice both in hole cross and open field tests (P<0.05). Besides, it also decreased rota-rod performances and the number of head dips in hole-board test. Furthermore, EESD significantly decreased the induction time to sleep and prolonged the duration of sleeping, induced by thiopental sodium. Taken together, our study suggests that EESD may possess sedative principles with potent hypnotic properties.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity Analysis and Standardization of Parkia speciosa (Petai) Pods Ethanol Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najma Annuria Fithri ◽  
Fitrya Fitrya ◽  
Tia Shabrina ◽  
Diva Yulanri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Structural Stabilization ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Parkia speciosa (petai) pods are rarely used and considered as waste despite their phenolic and flavonoid content. Phenolic and flavonoid content in plants are known to exhibit antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are known to potentially act agains radical and mediate the damage by structural stabilization. This research was conducted to analyze the antioxidant potential of petai pods using DPPH method. Analysis showed the IC50 of petai pods ethanolic extract was 75.72 ppm, which indicate strong acting antioxidant. Standardization of extracts were determined to manage the quality of extract, including the analysis of density, water content, ash values, and quantification of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Research outcome indicate the extract retain its quality during storage and use which confrmed to standardization requirements of water content and ash values. Total phenolics and flavonoid obtained were 272.45 mg/gGAE and 243.2029 mg/gQE respectively. Based from this research, petai pods ethanolic extract present strong antioxidant activity which was contributed by high existing content of flavonoid and phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant, Analgesic and Cytotoxic Activities of Typha angustata L. Root

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahrima Islam ◽  
Amir Hossain ◽  
Md Golam Hossain ◽  
Gazi Md Monjur Murshid ◽  
Md Mustafizur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Typha Angustata

Ethanolic extract of the root of Typha angustata was evaluated for antioxidant, analgesic and cytotoxic activities. T. angustata extract exhibited DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 124.96 ± 0.93 ?g/ml. The total phenolic and tannin content were found to be 596.73 ± 1 mg GAE/100 g and 319.68 ± 64 mg GAE/100 g of dried plant material, respectively. Analgesic activity was determined using acetic acid induced writhing inhibition in mice model. The root extract, at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight, showed inhibition of writhing reflex by 33.55% (p < 0.01) and 56.78% (p<0.001), respectively. Cytotoxicity of the extract was measured by brine shrimp lethality bioassay where the LC50 against brine shrimp nauplii was found to be 41.54?g/ml.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(1): 55-59, 2015 (June)

scholarly journals Comparison of hepatoprotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Berberis lycium Royale (Sumbloo) in isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in male mice model

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Saima Rafique ◽  
Khalida Ajmal ◽  
Uzma Naeem ◽  
Akbar Waheed ◽  
Ayesha Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Berberis Lycium

Background: The objective of the study was to compare the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royle in isoniazid (INH) induced hepatotoxicity in mice model.Methods: This randomized controlled in-vivo study conducted in male mice model from 10th April 2014 till 10th May 2014 at National Institute of Health, Islamabad. Group (C) was given normal diet and water. Group (D) was given isoniazid (50 mg/kg BW) to produce hepatotoxicity. Group (LA) and (HA) were given isoniazid (INH) plus low and high dose of aqueous extract of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royle respectively. Group (L.E) and (H.E) were given INH plus low and high dose of ethanolic extract of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royle respectively.Results: Hepatotoxicity produced by INH was shown by raised serum liver function tests (LFT’s), marked hepatocytic ballooning, significant steatosis and inflammation. Mice receiving simultaneous treatment of INH, low and high dose of aqueous extract of Berberis lycium Royle showed decrease serum LFT’s and their liver sections showed improved histological picture but more significant reduction in hepatotoxic effects were observed in animals receiving low and high doses of ethanolic extract.Conclusions: Hepatotoxicity of INH can be more fully reversed by simultaneous use of INH with ethanolic extract as it has better hepatoprotective potential in dose dependent manner as compare to aqueous extract of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royle.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity and HPLC–DAD Profiling of Achillea fragrantissima (Gaisoom) Extracts Growing in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. E. Mudawi ◽  
Mohammed F. Abd El-wahab ◽  
Abdelhadi Y. A. Yassin ◽  
Rami S. Habeballa ◽  
Mohammed M. Alshehri
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Anticonvulsant Activity ◽  
Anticonvulsant Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Animal Survival ◽  
Protection Rate ◽  
Achillea Fragrantissima ◽  
Agonistic Activity

In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia <em>Achillea fragrantissima</em> is a fragrant, perennial herb has long been used medicinally for its analgesic properties among Rafha residents. The present study concluded that <em>Achillea fragrantissima</em> (Gaisoom) possess a potent anticonvulsant activity against PTZ induced seizures which may be due to GABAA agonistic activity and /or antioxidant activity. The results of the current study showed that the ethanolic extract of Gaisoom at doses of 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg has anticonvulsant activity in pentylenetetrazole and maximum electroshock induced seizures models on mice. The Hexane extract have protected the mice against pentylenetetrazole – induced seizures with 100% protection rate and 100% animal survival similar to the anticonvulsant drug phenobarbital. HPLC–DAD fingerprints of different fractions were also carried out to find the pharmacological active compound. The studies are in progress to isolate the compounds by HPLC technique. Supplementary studies are required to explain the exact mechanism of action by which Gaisoom act as an anticonvulsant agent.

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