scholarly journals Nanostructure, Self-Assembly, Mechanical Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of a Lupin-Derived Peptide Hydrogel

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Raffaele Pugliese ◽  
Anna Arnoldi ◽  
Carmen Lammi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Cd Spectroscopy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
New Research ◽  
Peptide Hydrogel

Naturally occurring food peptides are frequently used in the life sciences due to their beneficial effects through their impact on specific biochemical pathways. Furthermore, they are often leveraged for applications in areas as diverse as bioengineering, medicine, agriculture, and even fashion. However, progress toward understanding their self-assembling properties as functional materials are often hindered by their long aromatic and charged residue-enriched sequences encrypted in the parent protein sequence. In this study, we elucidate the nanostructure and the hierarchical self-assembly propensity of a lupin-derived peptide which belongs to the α-conglutin (11S globulin, legumin-like protein), with a straightforward N-terminal biotinylated oligoglycine tag-based methodology for controlling the nanostructures, biomechanics, and biological features. Extensive characterization was performed via Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), rheological measurements, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analyses. By using the biotin tag, we obtained a thixotropic lupin-derived peptide hydrogel (named BT13) with tunable mechanical properties (from 2 to 11 kPa), without impairing its spontaneous formation of β-sheet secondary structures. Lastly, we demonstrated that this hydrogel has antioxidant activity. Altogether, our findings address multiple challenges associated with the development of naturally occurring food peptide-based hydrogels, offering a new tool to both fine tune the mechanical properties and tailor the antioxidant activities, providing new research directions across food chemistry, biochemistry, and bioengineering.

scholarly journals Assessment of In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Polyphenols from Annurca, Limoncella, Red Delicious, and Golden Delicious Apples Using a Sequential Enzymatic Digestion Model

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
Anna Gaspari ◽  
Claudio Di Vaio ◽  
Aurora Cirillo ◽  
Carolina Liana Ronca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Great Relevance

Four different varieties of apples have been considered (Limoncella, Annurca, Red Delicious, and Golden Delicious) to estimate the extent of colon polyphenolics release after in vitro sequential enzyme digestion. Since several studies report a positive effect of apple polyphenols in colonic damage, we found of interest to investigate the colon release of polyphenols in different varieties of apples in order to assess their prevention of colonic damage. UHPLC-HRMS analysis and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays) were carried out on the apple extracts (peel, flesh, and whole fruit) obtained from not digested samples and on bioaccessible fractions (duodenal and colon bioaccessible fractions) after in vitro digestion. Polyphenolic content and antioxidant activities were found to vary significantly among the tested cultivars with Limoncella showing the highest polyphenol content accompanied by an excellent antioxidant activity in both flesh and whole fruit. The overall trend of soluble antioxidant capacity from the soluble duodenal phase (SDP) and soluble colonic phase (SCP) followed the concentrations of flavanols, procyandinis, and hydroxycinnamic acids under the same digestive steps. Our results highlighted that on average 64.2% of the total soluble antioxidant activity was released in the SCP with Limoncella exhibiting the highest values (82.31, 70.05, and 65.5%, respectively for whole fruit, flesh, and peel). This result suggested that enzymatic treatment with pronase E and viscozyme L, to reproduce biochemical conditions occurring in the colon, is effective for breaking the dietary fiber-polyphenols interactions and for the release of polyphenols which can exercise their beneficial effects in the colon. The beneficial effects related to the Limoncella consumption could thus be of potential great relevance to counteract the adverse effects of pro-oxidant and inflammatory processes on intestinal cells.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Fresh Juices from Romanian Cucurbitaceae Varieties

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5468
Author(s):  
Anna Cazanevscaia Busuioc ◽  
Andreea-Veronica Dediu Botezatu ◽  
Bianca Furdui ◽  
Costel Vinatoru ◽  
Filippo Maggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Benincasa Hispida ◽  
First Time

Cucurbitaceae is a family of health-promoting plants due to their compounds with beneficial effects. The aim of this study was to analyze, for the first time, the chemical composition, the antioxidant activity and the metal chelating properties of fruit juices obtained from four different species of the Cucurbitaceae family cultivated in Romania, namely Momordica charantia, Cucumis metuliferus, Benincasa hispida and Trichosanthes cucumerina. The samples of juice were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and all the four species displayed high levels of the two triterpenes, oleanolic and ursolic acids, and also in phenolic compounds, including catechin, (−)-epicatechin and gallic acid. The juices demonstrated significant antioxidant activity against the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (ranging from 20 to 95%,), a good iron binding ability (ranging from 7.45 ± 0.28% to 86.95 ± 0.97%) and also promising antioxidant potential against the ABTS radical (ranging from 4.97 to 32.60 μETx/mL juice). Our findings raise interesting questions for further research on Cucurbitaceae fruit juices and, consequently, their very good antioxidant potential suggests these fruits should be further explored for their protective effect against oxidative damage. This is the first time the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of fruit juices from these four Romanian Cucurbitaceae varieties have been investigated.

scholarly journals The Effects of Extraction Conditions on Extraction Yield and Syringin Content in Producing Standardized Tinospora crispa Aqueous Extract with High Antioxidant Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-120
Author(s):  
Zamree Md Shah ◽  
Mohd Kamal Nik Hasan ◽  
Khairul Kamilah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Mohd Shahidan Mohd Arshad ◽  
Zulkhairi Amom
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Optimized Conditions

The herbal plant known as Tinospora crispa is reported to have many beneficial effects on health and has great potential in future to be developed as a health product either in the form of traditional medicine, food supplements or in pharmaceutical preparations. However, so far knowledge on processing procedures to produce quality standardized extracts of this plant to be used in product development has still not widely reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the optimal extraction conditions for producing a standardized T. crispa aqueos extract (STCAE) with high extraction yield and high syringin content. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various extraction conditions involving temperature (25–100 ° C), extraction time (0.5–6 hours) and liquid (water) to solid ratio (5: 1–25: 1 ml of solvent per g stem dry). Using optimized conditions obtained, the extract was standardized based on syringin and was further investigated on its antioxidant activity through DPPH, FRAP and TBA bioassays. Results revealed that the optimum extraction conditions were found to be 1 h extraction time and 15:1 ml g−1 liquid-to-solid ratio. For the extraction temperature, 60°C was found to be the best. STCAE was produced on the basis of the extract to contain with at least 0.4 wt% of syringin. STCAE was found to possess high antioxidant activities through DPPH, FRAP and TBA bioassays.

scholarly journals Mapping the Mechanical Properties of Hierarchical Supercrystalline Ceramic-Organic Nanocomposites

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Büsra Bor ◽  
Lydia Heilmann ◽  
Berta Domènech ◽  
Michael Kampferbeck ◽  
Tobias Vossmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Soft Phase ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ceramic Nanoparticles

Multiscale ceramic-organic supercrystalline nanocomposites with two levels of hierarchy have been developed via self-assembly with tailored content of the organic phase. These nanocomposites consist of organically functionalized ceramic nanoparticles forming supercrystalline micron-sized grains, which are in turn embedded in an organic-rich matrix. By applying an additional heat treatment step at mild temperatures (250–350 °C), the mechanical properties of the hierarchical nanocomposites are here enhanced. The heat treatment leads to partial removal and crosslinking of the organic phase, minimizing the volume occupied by the nanocomposites’ soft phase and triggering the formation of covalent bonds through the organic ligands interfacing the ceramic nanoparticles. Elastic modulus and hardness up to 45 and 2.5 GPa are attained, while the hierarchical microstructure is preserved. The presence of an organic phase between the supercrystalline grains provides a toughening effect, by curbing indentation-induced cracks. A mapping of the nanocomposites’ mechanical properties reveals the presence of multiple microstructural features and how they evolve with heat treatment temperature. A comparison with non-hierarchical, homogeneous supercrystalline nanocomposites with lower organic content confirms how the hierarchy-inducing organic excess results in toughening, while maintaining the beneficial effects of crosslinking on the materials’ stiffness and hardness.

Tailoring and Characterization of the Liquid Crystalline Structure of Cellulose Nanocrystals for Opto-Electro-Mechanical Multifunctional Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inseok Chae ◽  
Amira Meddeb ◽  
Zoubeida Ounaies ◽  
Seong H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
Sum Frequency ◽  
Optical Process

Liquid crystalline (LC) behaviors of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), derived from wood, cotton or other cellulose-based biopolymers, have been actively investigated due to their unique optical properties and their superb mechanical properties, which open up potential applications in bioelectronics and biomedical engineering. In particular, many attempts have been made to control phase and orientation of LC-CNCs because they are critical factors deciding optical and mechanical properties, and electromechanical performances. Through the applications of mechanical force, electric field and magnetic field, some degree of success has been achieved; however, realizing homogeneous arrangements of CNCs that can be exploited at the macroscale is still elusive, owing to a variety of intermolecular interactions. The characterizations of the LC phase and orientation of CNCs are also challenging due to their complex biological structures. In this report, we introduce approaches to control the phase and orientation of LC-CNCs through the self-assembly, mechanical force and electric field. The liquid crystalline behaviors of CNCs in polar solvents and at the air/water interface are discussed. Translational and rotational behaviors of CNCs under DC electric field are also investigated as a function of their surface charge and dipole moment. In addition, we introduce a nonlinear optical process, namely, sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, for the structural characterization of LC-CNCs. Using SFG, we can analyze not only crystal phase and structure, but also polar ordering of CNCs which plays a key role in determining their electromechanical performances. Development of cellulose-based smart materials will expand the spectrum of available functional materials that are lightweight, flexible, mechanically tough, and thermally stable at moderately high temperatures (up to 300°C).

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Gelatin and Gelatin Hydrolysates Obtained from Extrusion-Pretreated Fish (Oreochromis sp.) Scales

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Wei-Cheng Shiao ◽  
Tien-Chiu Wu ◽  
Chia-Hung Kuo ◽  
Yung-Hsiang Tsai ◽  
Mei-Ling Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Fish gelatin and its hydrolysates exhibit a variety of biological characteristics, which include antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. In this study, fish gelatins were extracted from extrusion-pretreated tilapia scales, and then subjected to analyses to determine the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of the extracted gelatins. Our findings indicate that TSG2 (preconditioned with 1.26% citric acid) possessed the greatest extraction yield, as well as higher antioxidant activities compared with the other extracted gelatins. Hence, TSG2 was subjected to further hydrolyzation using different proteases and ultrafiltration conditions, which yielded four gelatin hydrolysates: TSGH1, TSGH2, TSGH3, and TSGH4. The results showed that TSGH4 (Pepsin + Pancreatin and ultrafiltration < 3000 Da) had a higher yield and greater antioxidant activity in comparison with the other gelatin hydrolysates. As such, TSGH4 was subjected to further fractionation using a Superdex peptide column and two-stage reverse-phase column HPLC chromatography, yielding a subfraction TSGH4-6-2-b, which possessed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity compared with the other fractions. Further LC-ESI/MS/MS analysis of TSGH4-6-2-b suggested two novel peptides (GYDEY and EPGKSGEQGAPGEAGAP), which could have potential as naturally-occurring peptides with antioxidant properties. These promising results suggest that these antioxidant peptides could have applications in food products, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.

scholarly journals Characterizing and controlling nanoscale self-assembly of suckerin-12

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine M. Hershewe ◽  
William D. Wiseman ◽  
James E. Kath ◽  
Chelsea C. Buck ◽  
Maneesh K. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Canonical Amino Acid ◽  
Supramolecular Networks ◽  
Fine Tune

AbstractStructural proteins such as the “suckerins” present promising avenues for fabricating functional materials. Suckerins are a family of naturally occurring block copolymer-type proteins that comprise the sucker ring teeth of cephalopods and are known to self-assemble into supramolecular networks of nanoconfined β-sheets. Here, we report characterization and controllable, nanoscale self-assembly of suckerin-12 (S12). We characterize impacts of salt, pH, and protein concentration on S12 solubility, secondary structure, and self-assembly. In doing so, we identify conditions for fabricating ~100 nm nanoassemblies (NAs) with narrow size distributions. Finally, by installing a non-canonical amino acid (ncAA) into S12, we demonstrate the assembly of NAs that are covalently conjugated with a hydrophobic fluorophore, and the ability to change self-assembly and β-sheet content by PEGylation. This work presents new insights into the biochemistry of suckerin-12 and demonstrates how ncAAs can be used to expedite and fine-tune the design of protein materials.

Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Organotin(IV) Complexes of Aniline Derivatives of Naturally Occurring Betulinic Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-725
Author(s):  
Sabiha Khanam Sabiha Khanam ◽  
Khadija Shahid Khadija Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Sirajuddin Muhammad Sirajuddin ◽  
Saqib Ali and Hameed Ullah Saqib Ali and Hameed Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Aniline Derivatives ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Derivatives Of

Betulinic acid (triterpene) has shown an immense potential towards the development of anticancer, antiviral, antimalarial, antifungal, antioxidant and antiprotozoal agents. Cis-platin (cytotoxic agent) has diverted attention of chemists towards organotin complexes with marked pharmacological activities. In present work aniline derivatives of Betulinic acid were synthesized followed by the synthesis of diorganotin and triorganotin metal complexes. These complexes were characterized by FT-IR and multinuclear NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy. The ligands and their organotin(IV) complexes were screened for antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. Compound L22SnMe2 was found with maximum antibacterial activity among the screened compounds. Compounds L12SnMe2 and L12SnPh2 were found with remarkable antifungal activity. Similarly L1, L12SnBu2, L2 and L22SnMe3 were remarked with good antioxidant activity.

Total phenolics and antioxidant activity of a functional gel based on AÇAÍ (euterpe oleracea martius) pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Maria Jaeger Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dpph Method

The beneficial effects attributed to açaí and its derivatives are associated with its significant content of phenolic compounds, which has stimulated multiple/many researchers to identify these compounds and demonstrate their pharmacological properties, which include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of lyophilized pulps and functional gels of açaí. The antioxidant activity was the determining variable for the choice of the best formulation for the supplement. Pulp L exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the others according to the DPPH method, as well as higher content of total phenolic compounds. For the antioxidant activity, gels 3 and 4 did not differ significantly for the DPPH method, whereas in the ORAC method, gels 1 and 3 showed greater Trolox equivalents. It was concluded that gels 3 and 4 which had higher concentrations of lyophilized açaí pulp, showed higher concentrations of total phenolic compounds and consequently higher antioxidant capacity as demonstrated by the two methods applied and by the results obtained in the statistical analysis. Functional açaí gel may be used by adults who are involved in physical activities to reduce oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Ursonic Acid: Comparison with Ursolic Acid

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Juhyeon Son ◽  
Sang Yeol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba

Plants have been used as drugs to treat human disease for centuries. Ursonic acid (UNA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from certain medicinal herbs such as Ziziphus jujuba. Since the pharmacological effects and associated mechanisms of UNA are not well-known, in this work, we attempt to introduce the therapeutic potential of UNA with a comparison to ursolic acid (ULA), a well-known secondary metabolite, for beneficial effects. UNA has a keto group at the C-3 position, which may provide a critical difference for the varied biological activities between UNA and ULA. Several studies previously showed that UNA exerts pharmaceutical effects similar to, or stronger than, ULA, with UNA significantly decreasing the survival and proliferation of various types of cancer cells. UNA has potential to exert inhibitory effects in parasitic protozoa that cause several tropical diseases. UNA also exerts other potential effects, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. Of note, a recent study highlighted the suppressive potential of UNA against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Molecular modifications of UNA may enhance bioavailability, which is crucial for in vivo and clinical studies. In conclusion, UNA has promising potential to be developed in anticancer and antiprotozoan pharmaceuticals. In-depth investigations may increase the possibility of UNA being developed as a novel reagent for chemotherapy.

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