scholarly journals Effect of Lime Stabilization and Partial Clinoptilolite Zeolite Replacement on the Behavior of a Silt-Sized Low-Plasticity Soil Subjected to Freezing–Thawing Cycles

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
Sarah Shirmohammadi ◽  
Saeed Ghaffarpour Jahromi ◽  
Meghdad Payan ◽  
Kostas Senetakis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles ◽  
Strength And Durability

Soil stabilization, through either physical or chemical techniques of coating-cementation development, is a commonly adopted practice in geotechnical and transportation engineering projects used to strengthen soils and mitigate negative geo-environmental impacts. This can be particularly important in enhancing the mechanical properties of soils which are prone to degradation of their response because of freezing and thawing actions. It was attempted in this research study to examine the effect of lime–zeolite stabilization on the behavior of a silt-sized natural soil of low plasticity, by performing standard compaction tests as well as unconfined compressive experiments evaluating the strength of the composite samples. The natural soil mixed with various contents of lime and zeolite partial replacement was subjected to consecutive freezing and thawing cycles. The results from the study showed significant improvement of the mechanical performance of the treated soil when mixed with lime partially replaced with zeolite in terms of strength and durability and, based on scanning electron microscopic images, additional insights were attempted to be obtained on the microstructure of the specimens subjected to temperature changes.

scholarly journals Use of Treated Non-Ferrous Metallurgical Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Cementitious Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4028
Author(s):  
Asghar Gholizadeh Vayghan ◽  
Liesbeth Horckmans ◽  
Ruben Snellings ◽  
Arne Peys ◽  
Priscilla Teck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Metallurgical Slags ◽  
Leaching Behaviour ◽  
Kinetics Of

This research investigated the possibility of using metallurgical slags from the copper and lead industries as partial replacement for cement. The studied slags were fayalitic, having a mainly ferro-silicate composition with minor contents of Al2O3 and CaO. The slags were treated at 1200–1300 °C (to reduce the heavy metal content) and then granulated in water to promote the formation of reactive phases. A full hydration study was carried out to assess the kinetics of reactions, the phases formed during hydration, the reactivity of the slags and their strength activity as supplementary cementitious material (SCM). The batch-leaching behaviour of cementitious mixtures incorporating treated slags was also investigated. The results showed that all three slags have satisfactory leaching behaviour and similar performance in terms of reactivity and contribution to the strength development. All slags were found to have mediocre reactivity and contribution to strength, especially at early ages. Nonetheless, they passed the minimum mechanical performance requirements and were found to qualify for use in cement.

Research on Properties of Low Grade Cement-Based Composite Materials Modified by Silica Fume

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 751-756
Author(s):  
Zi Fang Xu ◽  
Ming Xu Zhang ◽  
Jin Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Matrix Microstructure ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Strength And Durability

In order to notably improve the mechanical properties and durability of low-grade cement-based material, superfine silica fume was used to modify the cement-based composite based on special perfomance and effects of nano powder. The mechanical performance and durability were investigated.Then the phase compositions,microstructure and morphologies of as-received cement-based composite were studied by X-ray Diffractometer、TGA-DTA and SEM. The results show that： the best formula of raw materials is 1:1:0.025:0.015, and hydration can be accelerated and increasing of hydration products is observed after modification. In the hardened cement matrix, microstructure is very compacted and C-S-H gel forms densed structure, so the structure defect is notably reduced. This means that both strength and durability of cement-based composite are notably improved by the addition of superfine silica fume.

Strength Assesment of Asphaltic Concrete using Bitumen, Natural Fibre and Stone Dust: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3044-3050
Author(s):  
Divesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Asphaltic Concrete ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Research Studies

In this review article, the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and the sisal fiber for improving the strength parameters of concrete is discussed in detail. Numerous research studies related to the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and stone dust are studied in detail to determine the results and outcome out of it. Previous research works showed that all, these materials were enhancing the strength and durability aspects of the concrete and depending upon the research studies certain outcomes has been drawn which are as follows. The studies related to the usage of the bitumen or asphalt in concrete so as to produce bituminous concrete or asphaltic concrete, the previous research works conclude that the maximum strength was attained at 5 percent usage of the bitumen and after further usage the general compressive strength of the concrete starts declining. The previous studies related to the usage of the sisal fiber showed that with the usage of the sisal fiber in the concrete, the strength aspects of concrete were improving and the maximum strength was obtained at 1.5 percent usage of the sisal fiber and after his the strength starts declining. Further the studies related to the usage of the stone dust showed that with the usage of stone dust as partial replacement of the natural fine aggregate the compressive strength of the concrete was improving and it was conclude that with the increase in the percentage of the stone dust, the compressive strength of the concrete was increasing.

scholarly journals Cement-Based Materials Containing Graphene Oxide and Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber: Mechanical Properties, Durability, and Microstructure

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenguang Jiang ◽  
Xiangguo Li ◽  
Yang Lv ◽  
Mingkai Zhou ◽  
Zhuolin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Corrosion Condition ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Pva Fiber

The influence of graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber on the mechanical performance, durability, and microstructure of cement-based materials was investigated in this study. The results revealed that compared with a control sample, the mechanical strength and durability of cement-based materials were significantly improved by adding PVA fiber and GO. The compressive and flexural strength at 28 d were increased by 30.2% and 39.3%, respectively. The chloride migration coefficient at 28 d was reduced from 7.3 × 10−12 m2/s to 4.3 × 10−12 m2/s. Under a sulfate corrosion condition for 135 d, the compressive and flexural strength still showed a 13.9% and 12.3% gain, respectively. Furthermore, from the Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) test, with the incorporation of GO, the cumulative porosity decreased from more than 0.13 cm3/g to about 0.03 cm3/g, and the proportion of large capillary pores reduced from around 80% to 30% and that of medium capillary pores increased from approximately 20% to 50%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed a significant amount of hydration products adhering to the surface of PVA fiber in the GO and PVA fiber modified sample. The addition of GO coupling with PVA fiber in cement-based materials could promote hydration of cement, refine the microstructure, and significantly improve mechanical strength and durability.

scholarly journals Mix Design of Grade M35 by Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash in Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Chaudhary ◽  
Aditya Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Cement And Concrete ◽  
Strength And Durability

The optimized RHA, by controlled burn or grinding, has been used as a pozzolanic material in cement and concrete. Using it provides several advantages, such as improved strength and durability properties, and environmental benefits related to the disposal of waste materials and to reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Up to now, little research has been done to investigate the use of RHA as supplementary material in cement and concrete production .The main objective of this work is to study the suitability of the rice husk ash as a pozzolanic material for cement replacement in concrete. However it is expected that the use of rice husk ash in concrete improve the strength properties of concrete. Also it is an attempt made to develop the concrete using rice husk ash as a source material for partial replacement of cement, which satisfies the

scholarly journals Live-Scale Testing of Granular Materials Stabilized with Alkali-Activated Waste Glass and Carbide Lime

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11286
Author(s):  
Marina Paula Secco ◽  
Débora Thaís Mesavilla ◽  
Márcio Felipe Floss ◽  
Nilo Cesar Consoli ◽  
Tiago Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Alkali Activated

The increasingly strong search for alternative materials to Portland cement has resulted in the development of alkali-activated cements (AAC) that are very effective at using industrial by-products as raw materials, which also contributes to the volume reduction in landfilled waste. Several studies targeting the development of AAC—based on wastes containing silicon and calcium—for chemical stabilization of soils have demonstrated their excellent performance in terms of durability and mechanical performance. However, most of these studies are confined to a laboratory characterization, ignoring the influence and viability of the in situ construction process and, also important, of the in situ curing conditions. The present work investigated the field application of an AAC based on carbide lime and glass wastes to stabilize fine sand acting as a superficial foundation. The assessment was supported on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and initial shear modulus (G0) of the developed material, and the field results were compared with those prepared in the laboratory, up to 120 days curing. In situ tests were also developed on the field layers (with diameters of 450 and 900 mm and thickness of 300 mm) after different curing times. To establish a reference, the mentioned precursors were either activated with a sodium hydroxide solution or hydrated with water (given the reactivity of the lime). The results showed that the AAC-based mixtures developed greater strength and stiffness at a faster rate than the water-based mixtures. Specimens cured under controlled laboratory conditions showed better results than the samples collected in the field. The inclusion of the stabilized layers clearly increased the load-bearing capacity of the natural soil, while the different diameters produced different failure mechanisms, similar to those found in Portland cement stabilization.

scholarly journals STRENGTH AND DURABILITY TEST (SULPHATE ATTACK) ON LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF VERMICULITE FOR FINE AGGREGATE AND SILICAFUME FOR CEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Preethi ◽  
Md. Hamraj ◽  
Ashveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Sulphate Attack ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Report

The present study focuses on the preparation of M30 grade concrete by replacing fine aggregate with 0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25% of vermiculite and cement with 0% and 10% of constant silica fume to improve the performance of concrete. Via experimentation, the impact of acid exposure on concrete strength and weight is investigated in the current report. Concrete cubes of different mixes(12no.’s) are casted and exposed to Sulphuric acid of (pH=3). Cubes with dimensions of 100mm x 100mm x 100mm are cast with M30 concrete and then immersed (cured) in water for 28 days. The cubes are then soaked in 4 percent concentrated Sulphuric acid for 7 days. The compressive strength of the cured cubes is then measured using a compressive measuring machine.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION HIGH PERFORMANCE CEMENT COMPOSITES FOR CREATING DURABLE SCULPTURAL ELEMENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Genadijs Sahmenko ◽  
Sandis Aispurs ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles ◽  
Material Ductility ◽  
And Control

Traditionally, sculptural and decorative elements of building facades are created from mortar mixes based on lime, gypsum or Portland cement. Generally these materials have porous and permeable structure, which determines their accelerated degradation, especially in the aggressive environment of modern cities. High performance cement composites (HPCC) have been considered for production and restoration of sculptural elements in historical buildings. For this purpose, fine-graded, multi-component and highly workable mixes were elaborated. Mix compositions were modified with micro-fillers, plasticizing and stabilizing admixtures, as well as fibers to improve material ductility and control shrinkage cracking. Basic mechanical properties and durability (such as water absorption, frost resistance) were determined and two types of HPCC were compared (>50 MPa: HPCC and >120 MPa: UHPCC). It has been confirmed that cement composite mixes are characterized by self-consolidating effect, high compressive strength, extremely high resistance versus freezing and thawing cycles and low water absorption. Surface quality was evaluated and initial water absorption (tube tests) were performed for laboratory samples and real sculptural elements after 5 years of exploitation. The results confirmed good potential for using HPCC for creating more attractive and durable architectural shapes and façade elements compared to elements made using traditional cement and lime mortar.

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