scholarly journals Self-Biased and Supply-Voltage Scalable Inverter-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Improved Composite Transistors

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique Rodovalho ◽  
Cesar Ramos Rodrigues ◽  
Orazio Aiello
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Gain Bandwidth ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with a single-stage single-ended inverter-based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTA) with improved composite transistors for ultra-low-voltage supplies, while maintaining a small-area, high power-efficiency and low output signal distortion. The improved composite transistor is a combination of the conventional composite transistor and forward-body-biasing to further increase voltage gain. The impact of the proposed technique on performance is demonstrated through post-layout simulations referring to the TSMC 180 nm technology process. The proposed OTA achieves 54 dB differential voltage gain, 210 Hz gain–bandwidth product for a 10 pF capacitive load, with a power consumption of 273 pW with a 0.3 V power supply, and occupies an area of 1026 μm2. For a 0.6 V voltage supply, the proposed OTA improves its voltage gain to 73 dB, and achieves a 15 kHz gain–bandwidth product with a power consumption of 41 nW.

scholarly journals Ultra-Low-Voltage Inverter-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers with Voltage Gain Enhancement by Improved Composite Transistors

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1410
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique Rodovalho ◽  
Orazio Aiello ◽  
Cesar Ramos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Gain Enhancement ◽  
Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Forward Body Bias ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes topological enhancements to increase voltage gain of ultra-low-voltage (ULV) inverter-based OTAs. The two proposed improvements rely on adoption of composite transistors and forward-body-biasing. The impact of the proposed techniques on performance figures is demonstrated through simulations of two OTAs. The first OTA achieves a 39 dB voltage gain, with a power consumption of 600 pW and an active area of 447 μm2. The latter allies the forward-body-bias approach with the benefit of the independently biased composite transistors. By combining both solutions, voltage gain is raised to 51 dB, consuming less power (500 pW) at the cost of an increased area of 727 μm2. The validation has been performed through post-layout simulations with the Cadence Analog Design Environment and the TSMC 180 nm design kit, with the supply voltage ranging from 0.3 V to 0.6 V.

scholarly journals Low-voltage 0.35-/mi cmos wideband operational transconductance amplifier

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-369
Author(s):  
Lyes Bouzerara ◽  
Mohand Belaroussi
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Output Impedance ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Gain Bandwidth ◽  
Current Mirrors ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Cascade Structure ◽  
Feedback Frequency ◽  
High Output Impedance

A low voltage CMOS wideband operational Tran conductance amplifier (OTA) using regulated cascade structure with an active positive feedback frequency-dependent current mirrors and feed forward techniques, is presented and analyzed. Such techniques stand as a powerful method of gain bandwidth, output impedance and phase margin enhancements. In this paper, an efficient implementation of a high output impedance current mirror is used in the design of an OTA by means of the regulated cascade circuits. This amplifier operates at ?1.25 V power supply voltage, exhibits a voltage gain of 68 dB, and provides a gain bandwidth product of 166 MHz. It drives a capacitive load of 1.6 pF and gives a power dissipation of 8.5 mW. The predicted performance is verified by simulations using HSPICE tool with 0.35 /itm CMOS TSMC parameters.

scholarly journals Ultra-Low-Voltage Low-Power Bulk-Driven Quasi-Floating-Gate Operational Transconductance Amplifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziad Alsibai ◽  
Salma Bay Abo Dabbous
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Bias Current ◽  
Floating Gate ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier

A new ultra-low-voltage (LV) low-power (LP) bulk-driven quasi-floating-gate (BD-QFG) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is presented in this paper. The proposed circuit is designed using 0.18 μm CMOS technology. A supply voltage of ±0.3 V and a quiescent bias current of 5 μA are used. The PSpice simulation result shows that the power consumption of the proposed BD-QFG OTA is 13.4 μW. Thus, the circuit is suitable for low-power applications. In order to confirm that the proposed BD-QFG OTA can be used in analog signal processing, a BD-QFG OTA-based diodeless precision rectifier is designed as an example application. This rectifier employs only two BD-QFG OTAs and consumes only 26.8 μW.

scholarly journals Low-voltage, low-power and high gain cmosota using active positive feedback with feed forward and FDCM techniques

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Lyes Bouzerara ◽  
Tahar Belaroussi ◽  
Boualem Amirouche
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Phase Margin ◽  
Current Mirror ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Gain Bandwidth ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Current Mirrors

A low voltage, high dc gain and wideband load compensated cas code operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), using an active positive feedback with feed forward technique and frequency-dependent current mirrors (FDCM), is presented and analyzed. Such techniques stand as a powerful method of gain bandwidth and phase margin enhancements. In this paper, a frequency-dependent current mirror, whose input impedance increases with frequency, is used to form the feed forward path at the input of the current mirror with a feed forward capacitor. By using these techniques, the gain bandwidth product of the amplifier is improved from 115 MHz to 194 MHz, the phase margin is also improved from 85? to 95? and the gain is enhanced from 11 dB to 93 dB. This amplifier operates at 2.5 V power supply voltage drives a capacitive load of 1pF and gives a power dissipation of 7 mW. The predicted performance is verified by simulations using HSPICE tool with 0.8 fim CMOS AMS parameters.

Design of High Gain Folded Cascode OTA-Based Transconductance–Capacitance Loop Filter for PLL Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150263
Author(s):  
Priti Gupta ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Jana
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Loop Filter ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Dc Gain ◽  
Unity Gain ◽  
Folded Cascode

This paper deals with the designing of low-power transconductance–capacitance-based loop filter. The folded cascode-based operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is designed in this paper with the help of quasi-floating bulk MOSFET that achieved the DC gain of 88.61[Formula: see text]dB, unity gain frequency of 97.86[Formula: see text]MHz and power consumption of 430.62[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W. The proposed OTA is compared with the exiting OTA structure which showed 19.50% increase in DC gain and 15.11% reduction in power consumption. Further, the proposed OTA is used for the designing of transconductance–capacitance-based loop filter that has been operated at [Formula: see text]3[Formula: see text]dB cut-off frequency of 30.12[Formula: see text]MHz with the power consumption of 860.90[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W at the supply voltage of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V. The transistor-level simulation has been done in 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process.

Low-Power and Reference-Less Data and Clock Recovery Circuit for Visible Light Receivers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Cheng Liu ◽  
Paul C.-P. Chao ◽  
Soh Sze Khiong
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Clock And Data Recovery ◽  
Optical Receiver ◽  
Clock Recovery ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Rf Receiver

In this paper a low power all-digital clock and data recovery (ADCDR) with 1Mhz frequency has been proposed. The proposed circuit is designed for optical receiver circuit on the battery-less photovoltaic IoT (Internet of Things) tags. The conventional RF receiver has been replaced by the visible light optical receiver for battery-less IoT tags. With this proposed ADCDR a low voltage, low power consumption & tiny IoT tags can be fabricated. The proposed circuit achieve the maximum bandwidth of 1MHz, which is compatible with the commercial available LED and light sensor. The proposed circuit has been fabricated in TSMC 0.18um 1P6M standard CMOS process. Experimental results show that the power consumption of the optical receiver is approximately 5.58uW with a supply voltage of 1V and the data rate achieves 1Mbit/s. The lock time of the ADCDR is 0.893ms with 3.31ns RMS jitter period.

Low Power Electronics for Square-Wave Piezoactuator Driving

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Biancuzzi ◽  
T. Lemke ◽  
F. Goldschmidtboeing ◽  
O. Ruthmann ◽  
H.-J. Schrag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Output Stage ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Artificial Sphincter ◽  
Charge Recovery

The German Artificial Sphincter System (GASS) project aims at the development of an implantable sphincter prosthesis driven by a micropump. During the last few years the feasibility of the concept has been proven. At present our team’s effort is focused on the compliance to safety regulations and on a very low power consumption of the system as a whole. Therefore a low-voltage multilayer piezoactuator has been developed to reduce the driving voltage of the micropump from approximately 300 Vpp to 40 Vpp. Doing so, the driving voltage is within the limits set by the regulations for active implants. The operation of the micropump at lower voltages, achieved using multilayer piezoactuators, has already resulted in a much better power efficiency. Nevertheless, in order to further reduce power consumption, we have also developed an innovative driving technique that we are going to describe and compare to other driving systems. A direct switching circuit has been developed where the buffer capacitor of the step-up converter has been replaced by the equivalent capacitance of the actuator itself. This avoids the switching of the buffer capacitor to the actuator, which would result in a very low efficiency. Usually, a piezoactuator needs a bipolar voltage drive to achieve maximum displacement. In our concept, the voltage inversion across the actuator is done using an h-bridge circuit, allowing the employment of one step-up converter only. The charge stored in the actuator is then partially recovered by means of a step-down converter which stores back the energy at the battery voltage level. The power consumption measurements of our concept are compared to a conventional driving output stage and also with inductive charge recovery circuits. In particular, the main advantage, compared to the latter systems, consists in the small inductors needed for the power converter. Other charge recovery techniques require very big inductors in order to have a significant power reduction with the capacitive loads we use in our application. With our design we will be able to achieve approximately 55% reduction in power consumption compared to the simplest conventional driver and 15% reduction compared to a charge recovery driver.

scholarly journals Dynamic and Static Calibration of Ultra-Low-Voltage, Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Toledo ◽  
Paolo Crovetti ◽  
Hamilton Klimach ◽  
Sergio Bampi
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Process Variations ◽  
Pulse Modulation ◽  
Silicon Area ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Static Calibration ◽  
Digital Pulse ◽  
Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
The Impact

The calibration of the effects of process variations and device mismatch in Ultra Low Voltage (ULV) Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (DB-OTAs) is addressed in this paper. For this purpose, two dynamic calibration techniques, intended to dynamically vary the effective strength of critical gates by different modulation strategies, i.e., Digital Pulse Width Modulation (DPWM) and Dyadic Digital Pulse Modulation (DDPM), are explored and compared to classic static calibration. The effectiveness of the calibration approaches as a mean to recover acceptable performance in non-functional samples is verified by Monte-Carlo (MC) post-layout simulations performed on a 300 mV power supply, nW-power DB-OTA in 180 nm CMOS. Based on the same MC post-layout simulations, the impact of each calibration strategy on silicon area, power consumption, and OTA performance is discussed.

scholarly journals Low Voltage Electrostatic Actuation and Displacement Measurement Through Resonant Drive Circuit

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangtak Park ◽  
Eihab Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Actuation Voltage ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Electrostatic Actuators ◽  
Mems Technology ◽  
Drive Circuit ◽  
The Impact

Most electrostatic actuators fabricated by MEMS technology require high actuation voltage and suffer from the pull-in phenomenon that limits the operation range. We present an amplitude-modulated resonant drive circuit to drive electrostatic actuators at much lower supply voltage than that of conventional actuators to extend their operation range. Analytical and numerical models facilitate stability analysis of electrostatic actuators coupled with the resonant drive circuit. We study the impact of parasitic capacitance and the quality factor of the resonant drive circuit on the operation range of electrostatic actuators. Furthermore, we present a new method to measure the displacement of electrostatic actuators by sensing the phase delay of the actuation voltage with respect to the input voltage. This measurement method allows us to easily incorporate feedback control into existing electrostatic actuators without any modification to the actuator itself.

Realization of Fractional-Order Double-Scroll Chaotic System Using Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rafiq Dar ◽  
Nasir Ali Kant ◽  
Farooq Ahmad Khanday
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Chaotic System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
System A ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Realization of fractional-order double-scroll chaotic system using Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) as active elements are presented in this paper. The fractional-order double-scroll chaotic system has been studied before as well using passive RC-ladder and tree-based structures but in this paper the requisite fractional-order integration has been accomplished through an integer-order multiple-feedback topology. As compared to double or multiple scroll chaotic systems existing in the open literature, the proposed realization offers the advantages of (a) low-voltage implementation, (b) integrablity as the design is resistor- and inductor-less and only grounded components have been employed in the design, and, (c) electronic tunability of the fractional order, time-constants and gain factors. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the chaotic system, a simple secure message communication system has been designed and verified for its operation. The theoretical predictions of the proposed implementations have been verified by using 0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process file provided by Austrian Micro System (AMS).

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