scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of N and P Deficiency on Physiology and Growth for Fast- and Slow-Growing Provenances of Fraxinus mandshurica

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1760
Author(s):  
Xingtang Zhao ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Zhang Liu ◽  
Yipin Lv ◽  
Tingting Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
N Assimilation

With the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) as mineral elements increasingly restrict plant growth. To explore the effect of deficiency of P and N on growth and physiology, Fraxinus mandshurica (hereafter “F. mandshurica”) Rupr. annual seedlings of Wuchang (WC) provenance with fast growth and Dailing (DL) provenance with slow growth were treated with complete nutrition or starvation of N (N-), P (P-) or both elements (NP-). Although P- and N- increased the use efficiency of P (PUE) and N (NUE), respectively, they reduced the leaf area, chlorophyll content and activities of N assimilation enzymes (NR, GS, GOGAT), which decreased the dry weight and P or N amount. The free amino acid content and activities of Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and acid phosphatase enzymes were reduced by N-. The transcript levels of NRT2.1, NRT2.4, NRT2.5, NRT2.7, AVT1, AAP3, NIA2, PHT1-3, PHT1-4 and PHT2-1 in roots were increased, but those of NRT2.1, NRT2.4, NRT2.5, PHT1-3, PHT1-4, PHT2-1 and AAP3 in leaves were reduced by P-. WC was significantly greater than DL under P- in dry weight, C amount, N amount, leaf area, PUE, NUE, which related to greater chlorophyll content, PEPC enzyme activity, N assimilation enzyme activities, and transcript levels of N and P transporter genes in roots and foliage, indicating a greater ability of WC to absorb, transport and utilize N and P under P-. WC was also greater than DL under N- in terms of the above indicators except the transcript levels of N and P assimilation genes, but most of the indicators did not reach a significant level, indicating that WC might be more tolerant to N- than DL, which requires further verification. In summary, WC was identified as a P-efficient provenance, as the growth rate was greater for the genetic type with high than low tolerance to P-.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Midaoui ◽  
Ahmed Talouizte ◽  
Benbella Mohamed ◽  
Serieys Hervé ◽  
Ait Houssa Abdelhadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Matter Effect

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.

scholarly journals Whole-plant Response of Six Poinsettia Cultivars to Three Fertilizer and Two Irrigation Regimes

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Schuch ◽  
Richard A. Redak ◽  
James Bethke
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Leaf N

Six cultivars of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Wind.), `Angelika White', `Celebrate 2', `Freedom Red', `Lilo Red', `Red Sails', and `Supjibi Red' were grown for 9 weeks during vegetative development under three constant-feed fertilizer treatments, 80,160, or 240 mg N/liter and two irrigation regimes, well-watered (high irrigation) or water deficient (low irrigation). Plants fertilized with 80 or 240 mg N/liter were 10% to 18% shorter, while those fertilized with 160 mg N/liter were 25 % shorter with low versus high irrigation. Leaf area and leaf dry weight increased linearly in response to increasing fertilizer concentrations. Low irrigation reduced leaf area, leaf, stem, and shoot dry weight 3670 to 41%. Cultivars responded similarly to irrigation and fertilizer treatments in all components of shoot biomass production and no interactions between the main effects and cultivars occurred. Stomatal conductance and transpiration decreased with increasing fertilizer rates or sometimes with low irrigation. Highest chlorophyll contents occurred in leaves of `Lilo Red' and `Freedom Red'. Leaves of plants fertilized with 80 mg N/liter were deficient in leaf N and had 40 % to 49 % lower leaf chlorophyll content compared to plants fertilized with 160 or 240 mg N/liter. Irrigation had no effect on leaf N or chlorophyll content. At the end of the experiment leaves of `Supjibi Red' and `Angelika White' contained higher concentrations of soluble proteins than the other four cultivars.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Beberapa Komposisi Spektrum Led Pada Potensi Dan Hasil Hidroponik Indoor Selada Keriting Hijau

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Daru Nurdianna ◽  
Retno Bandriyati Arni Putri ◽  
Dwi Harjoko
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Led Irradiation

This study aims to determine the differences in the growth response of green curly lettuce to the differentiation treatment of LED lighting with different spectrum in indoor hydroponics. The research was conducted from October to November 2017. The experimental design used was experimental with 1 lighting factor with 5 levels, there are sunlight (P0), LED 20% blue: 80% red (P1), LED 80% blue: 20% red (P2), 50% blue LED: 50 % red (P3), and 100% white daylight (P4). Observational variables included plant height, leaf number, leaf area, leaf color, total wet weight, leaf wet weight, wet root weight and dry weight of the plant. The result of this experiment showed that LED irradiation have affect the treatment are plant height, leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, fresh weight of harvest, root length, and dry weight of brackets. While those that have no significant effect are the wet weight of the roots. The results showed that between LED irradiation treatment L1, L2, L3, and L4 showed that treatment L2 with 80% blue spectrum composition: 20% red showed better growth based on: high plant, chlorophyll content, and root length. Treatment with L4 with white LED showed better growth based on the number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight of harvest, root wet weight, and dry weight of total biomass. The results below the sunlight better than the LED irradiation treatment, because the intensity of LED far low and lack of controlled environmental conditions technology and management for growing lettuce. In all of LED treatment still looked etiolation because light intensity was not optimal yet.

scholarly journals Response to Copper Toxicity for Three Ornamental Crops in Solution Culture

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youbin Zheng ◽  
Linping Wang ◽  
Mike A. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Electrolytically generated copper is increasingly used to control diseases and algae in the greenhouse industry. However, there is a shortage of information regarding appropriate management strategies for copper in ornamental crop production. The objectives of this study were to characterize the response of three ornamental crops (Dendranthema ×grandiflorum L. `Fina', Rosa ×hybrida L. `Lavlinger', Pelargonium ×hortorum L. `Evening Glow') to different solution levels of Cu2+ (ranging from 0.4 to 40 μm) and to determine the critical levels above which toxic responses became apparent. The following measurements were used to assess the treatments: leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), leaf chlorophyll content, and visible injury of leaf and root. Excessive copper reduced plant root length, root dry weight, total dry weight, root to shoot ratio, leaf area, and specific leaf area in all three species. The critical solution level of Cu2+ that resulted in significantly reduced plant dry weight for chrysanthemum was 5 μm; for miniature rose, 2.4; and for geranium, 8 μm. Plant visible root injury was a more sensitive and reliable copper toxicity indicator than visible leaf injury, leaf chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, or leaf and stem copper content. Generally, all the species exhibited some sensitivity to Cu2+ in solution culture, with chrysanthemum and miniature rose being most sensitive and geranium being least sensitive. Caution should be taken when applying copper in solution culture production systems.

Relationship between visual colour rating and chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and some growth characteristics in couchgrass (Cynodonspp. L.)

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Visual Colour

SUMMARYChlorophyll contents per unit leaf area and unit dry weight, chlorophylla:bratio, visual colour rating, specific leaf area, and leaf fresh weight: dry weight ratios were estimated for 12 couch (bermudagrass) varieties (Cynodonspp. L.) in winter (July) and spring (October). Net photosynthetic and dark respiration rates were estimated in winter only.The chlorophyll contents per unit leaf area were higher in all varieties in spring than in winter, but per unit weight were more variable. The varieties differed substantially in the net photosynthetic and dark respiration rates. The specific leaf areas were greater in winter than in spring in five varieties: in others it changed little. The fresh: dry weight ratios of the leaves were almost constant between varieties in the spring but varied greatly during the winter. Visual colour ratings were well correlated with chlorophyll contents per unit area but not with weight. The net photosynthetic rate was closely correlated with chlorophyll content (per unit area) but not so closely with colour rating.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF NANO NPK FERTILIZERS TO CORRELATION BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY AND FLAG LEAF OF SOME BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Burhan & AL-Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Soil Fertilizer

This research was carried out at the fields of Field Crops Dept. Coll. of Agric. Univ. of Baghdad, during the season 2017-2018, to investigate the effect of Nano fertilizer NPK (Fn1, Fn2, Fn3: spraying with the liquid fertilizer 20%-9%-10% with 15% concentration of the levels 750:90:600, 500: 60: 400 and 250: 30: 200 mg L-1 and Fgn1, Fgn2, Fgn3: spraying the liquid fertilizer at 7.50% concentration of the same levels plus 50% of the soil Fertilizer) on flag leaf area, grain yield and some of the quality traits of three wheat varieties. Using randomized complete block design with split plot arrange with three replications. The results showed increases in grains yield (48.99%), protein percentage (27.24%), gluten ratio in flour (58.45%) and flag leaf area (38.69%), its dry weight (41.89%) , total chlorophyll content (18.33%), nitrogen (19.37%), phosphorus (44.11%) and potassium (12.03%) when fertilized with Fn1 treatment compared with the control treatment (Fg: soil Fertilizer 184 N, 39.56 P, 41.50 K kg ha-1). The Fgn1 and Fgn2 treatments gave increase in the specific weight of flag leaf at 31.38  and 11.44% respectively, also the Fgn1 and Fgn2 treatments increase in grain carbohydrate content at 15.00 and 10.55 % respectively compared with Fg treatment. Arrangement of the Fertilizers  treatments in their general progressively positive effects on growth, yield and quality parameters was Fn1>Fgn1>Fn2>Fgn2> Fn3>Fgn3>Fg. The Bhoth-158 variety gave the highest grains yield (5.25 tons ha-1) with increase ratios 13.14 and 23.82% compared with Uruq and IPA-99 varieties. The IPA-99 was superior in its flour content of highest ratio of the dry gluten (16.99%). The Bhoth-158 variety showed positive response to Nano Fertilizers  treatments especially the Fn1 treatment followed by IPA-99 variety. There was highly significant correlation between total grains yield and each of the flag leaf area, its dry weight and chlorophyll content, its time staying active and content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

IMPACT OF FERTILIZERS APPLICATION ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF VIGNA RADIATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUPRIYA DIXIT ◽  
R. K. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Seedling Length

Currently, a real challenge for the workers in the agricultural research field is to stop or reduce the use of expensive agrochemicals/ chemical fertilizers which are hazardous to the environment as well as human health. Present study was aimed to improve the growth and obtain optimum yield of Vigna crop with eco-friendly, non-toxic way and to reduce the use of agrochemical/chemical fertilizer application in agricultural activities. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of chemical fertilizer (DAP) and biofertilizer ( Rhizobium strain) separately and in combination on seed germination and seedling growth (at 30 days) based on morphological parameters such as seedling length (cm), fresh weight (g), dry weight (g) and leaf area (cm)2 of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek. After one month (30 Days) observations, it was found that seedling length, fresh and dry weights and leaf area were maximum in T4 and minimum in T15, T7 and T8 favored improved seedling length and leaf area whereas T7, T8, and T9 favored improved fresh and dry weights as compared to control.

Impact of an Open Trellis on Canopy Growth, Light Interception, Yield, and Leaf Physiology of Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 468b-468
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Klauer ◽  
J. Scott Cameron ◽  
Chuhe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Leaf Physiology ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Upper Third

After promising results were obtained with an open-style split trellis (two top wires) in its initial year, two new trials were established in 1997 in northwest (Lynden) and southwest (Woodland) Washington. For the split trellis, actual yields were 33% (machine-picked 1/2 season) and 17% (hand-picked) greater, respectively, for the two locations compared to the conventional trellis (one top wire). In Woodland, canes from the split trellis had 33% more berries, 55% more laterals, 69% more leaves, and 25% greater leaf area compared with the conventional trellis. Greatest enhancement of these components was in the upper third of the canopy. Laterals were also shorter in this area of the split canopy, but there was no difference in average total length of lateral/cane between trellis types. Total dry weight/cane was 22% greater in the split trellis, but component partitioning/cane was consistent between the two systems with fruit + laterals (43%) having the greatest above-ground biomass, followed by the stem (30% to 33%) and the leaves (21% to 22%). Measurement of canopy width, circumference, and light interception showed that the split-trellis canopy filled in more quickly, and was larger from preanthesis through postharvest. Light interception near the top of the split canopy was 30% greater 1 month before harvest with 98% interception near the top and middle of that canopy. There was no difference between the trellis types in leaf CO2 assimilation, spectra, or fluorescence through the fruiting season, or in total nitrogen of postharvest primocane leaves.

Irrigation of Geraniums with an Automatic Controlled Water Table System

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 522d-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Buxton ◽  
D.L. Ingram ◽  
Wenwei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Optimum Water

Geraniums in 15-cm pots were irrigated automatically for 8 weeks with a Controlled Water Table (CWT) irrigation system. Plants were irrigated with a nutrient solution supplied by a capillary mat with one end of the mat suspended in a trough below the bottom of the pot. The nutrient solution remained at a constant level in the trough. Nutrient solution removed from the trough was immediately replaced from a larger reservoir. The vertical distance from the surface of the nutrient solution and the bottom of the pot determined the water/air ratio and water potential in the growing media. Treatments consisted of placing pots at 0, 2, 4, and 6 cm above the nutrient solution. Control plants were irrigated as needed with a trickle irrigation system. Geraniums grown at 0,2 and 4 CWT were ≈25% larger than the control plants and those grown at 6 CWT as measured by dry weight and leaf area. Roots of plants grown at 0 CWT were concentrated in the central area of the root ball; whereas roots of plants in other treatments were located more near the bottom of the pot. Advantages of the CWT system include: Plant controlled automatic irrigation; no run off; optimum water/air ratio.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document