scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Protective Effect of Tuscan Bee Pollens on Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Different Cell-Based Models

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1422
Author(s):  
Morena Gabriele ◽  
Stefania Frassinetti ◽  
Laura Pucci
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Bee pollen is an apiary product of great interest owing to its high nutritional and therapeutic properties. This study aimed to assess the cellular antioxidant activity and the antihemolytic effect of Castanea, Rubus, and Cistus bee pollens on human erythrocytes. We also tested the antimicrobial potential of each sample on selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Finally, the effect of Castanea bee pollen, showing the best phytochemical profile, was analyzed on human microvascular endothelial cells exposed to thapsigargin, used as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor. Our results showed good biological activities of all bee pollen samples that, under oxidative conditions, significantly improved the erythrocytes’ antioxidant activity and limited cell lyses. Castanea and Cistus showed comparable antihemolytic activities, with higher % hemolysis inhibition than Rubus. All samples exerted antimicrobial activity with different selectivity among all the tested microorganisms with minimal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 5 to 10 mg/mL. Finally, Castanea bee pollen was effective in reducing gene over-expression and oxidation process arising from thapsigargin treatment, with a maximum protective effect at 10 µg/mL. In conclusion, bee pollen represents a potential natural antibacterial and a good nutraceutical product useful in the prevention of free radical and ER stress-associated diseases.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Nutraceutical Potential of Tuscan Bee-Pollens on Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Different Cell-Based Models

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Morena Gabriele ◽  
Stefania Frassinetti ◽  
Laura Pucci
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Species Production

Bee-pollen is an apiary product of great interest owing to its high nutritional and therapeutic properties. This study aimed to assess the cellular antioxidant activity and the antihemolytic effects of Castanea, Rubus, and Cistus bee-pollens on oxidized human erythrocytes. In addition, the antimicrobial potential of each sample was tested on three Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacteria. Finally, the effect of Castanea bee-pollen, showing better phytochemical content, was analyzed on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) exposed to thapsigargin, used to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress). Our results showed good biological activities of all bee-pollen samples, which, under oxidative conditions, significantly improved the erythrocytes’ antioxidant activity and limited cell lyses. Moreover, all samples exerted antimicrobial activity with different selectivity among the tested microorganisms, with minimal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 5 to 10 mg/mL. Finally, thapsigargin treatment increased intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and up-regulated the expression of factors involved in the ER-stress and inflammatory pathways. Conversely, Castanea bee-pollen was effective in reducing gene overexpression, as well as the oxidation process arising from thapsigargin treatment, with a maximum protective effect at 10 µg/mL. In conclusion, bee-pollens, mainly Castanea species, represent good natural antibacterial and potential nutraceutical products useful in the prevention of free radical and ER-stress associated diseases.

scholarly journals Comparison of biochemical and antimicrobial activities of different honey samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 273-280
Author(s):  
Saban Keskin ◽  
Semiramis Karlidag ◽  
Nazlı Mayda ◽  
Asli Ozkok
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Honey Sample ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Honey, a natural healing agent and a sweet food, has been used since ancient times. A honey sample could possess many biological activities depending on its chemical composition. The amount and the diversity of these minor components of honey mainly depend on the floral sources. That is why the biological activity of the honey sample obtained in a region should be determined. In this study, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, melissopalynological analyses and antimicrobial activity of twenty honey samples obtained from Doganyol, Malatya, Turkey were examined. In order to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of honey samples, the agar well diffusion (AWD) method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays were used. For this purpose, ten Gram-positive bacteria and eight Gram-negative bacteria were used. Total phenolic content was found in the range from 9.68 ± 0.72 to 29.40 ± 1.03 mg GAE g<sup>–1</sup> sample. Antioxidant activity of honey samples varied from 2.21 ± 0.46 to 6.03 ± 1.11 µmol FeSO<sub>4</sub> 7H<sub>2</sub>O g<sup>–1</sup>. Honey samples showed moderate antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. It could be concluded from our findings that there is a good correlation between total phenolic content and the biological activity of honey samples.

scholarly journals Rose Flowers—A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer?

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Milka Mileva ◽  
Yana Ilieva ◽  
Gabriele Jovtchev ◽  
Svetla Gateva ◽  
Maya Margaritova Zaharieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Rosa Gallica ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Plants from the Rosacea family are rich in natural molecules with beneficial biological properties, and they are widely appreciated and used in the food industry, perfumery, and cosmetics. In this review, we are considering Rosa damascena Mill., Rosa alba L., Rosa centifolia L., and Rosa gallica L. as raw materials important for producing commercial products, analyzing and comparing the main biological activities of their essential oils, hydrolates, and extracts. A literature search was performed to find materials describing (i) botanical characteristics; (ii) the phytochemical profile; and (iii) biological properties of the essential oil sand extracts of these so called “old roses” that are cultivated in Bulgaria, Turkey, India, and the Middle East. The information used is from databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Roses have beneficial healing properties due to their richness of beneficial components, the secondary metabolites as flavonoids (e.g., flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins), fragrant components (essential oils, e.g., monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes), and hydrolysable and condensed tannins. Rose essential oils and extracts with their therapeutic properties—as respiratory antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, expectorants, decongestants, and antioxidants—are able to act as symptomatic prophylactics and drugs, and in this way alleviate dramatic sufferings during severe diseases.

Antimicrobial activity of Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah ◽  
Maulina Diah ◽  
Mustofa ◽  
Masriani ◽  
Susi Iravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., local name sengkubak, is one of indigenous plants from West Kalimantan that has been used as natural flavor. Pycnorrhena cauliflora is one of species of Menispermaceae family which is rich in bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This alkaloids are known to have various biological activities including antiprotozoal, antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial activity of  the P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanolic extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic extract of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., root, leaf and stem were prepared by maceration. The disk-diffusion method was then used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes, S. mutants, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after 18-24 h incubation at 37 oC. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for gram-positive bacteria and ciprofloxacin was used as gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition zones were then measured in mm. Analysis were conducted in duplicates. The results showed in general the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (inhibition zone diameter= 10-23 mm) were more active than that leaf (0-15 mm) and stem (0-17 mm) extracts against gram-positive bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of amoxicillin as positive control was 8-42 mm. In addition, the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (12-17 mm) were also more active than that leaf (0-12 mm) and stem (0-12 mm) extracts against gram-negative bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of ciprofloxacin as positive control was 33-36 mm. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of P. caulifloria (Miers.) Diels. root is the most extract active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Further study will be focused to isolate active compounds in the methanolic extract of the root.

scholarly journals Betalains in Edible Fruits of Three Cactaceae Taxa—Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia—Their LC-MS/MS and FTIR Identification and Biological Activities Evaluation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669
Author(s):  
Michaela Barkociová ◽  
Jaroslav Tóth ◽  
Katarzyna Sutor ◽  
Natalia Drobnicka ◽  
Slawomir Wybraniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir

Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia plants belong to the Cactaceae family. They are mostly known as ornamental plants but also for their edible fruits, which can potentially be sources of betalains, such as betanin, a natural pigment used in the food industry, e.g., under the European label code E 162. The aim of this work was the identification of betalains (using LC-MS/MS), evaluation of total betalain content (spectrophotometrically), analysis of functional groups (using FT-IR), evaluation of antioxidant activity (using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, DCFH-DA, and reducing power methods) and evaluation of antimicrobial activity (S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans) in fruits of Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia taxa. A total of 20 betalains were identified in the studied Cactaceae fruits. The Epiphyllum pink hybrid had the highest values of total betalains amongst all samples. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the Epiphyllum pink hybrid, in Opuntia zacuapanensis and O. humifusa fruits. The antimicrobial activity assay showed that cacti fruits were not able to effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, or C. albicans. Our results prove that these fruits are good sources of natural pigments—betalains. They do not contain toxic compounds in significant amounts and they exhibit antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Thymus mastichina: Composition and Biological Properties with a Focus on Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Márcio Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Clara Lopes ◽  
Filipa Vaz ◽  
Melanie Filipe ◽  
Gilberto Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Thymus mastichina has the appearance of a semishrub and can be found in jungles and rocky lands of the Iberian Peninsula. This work aimed to review and gather available scientific information on the composition and biological properties of T. mastichina. The main constituents of T. mastichina essential oil are 1,8-cineole (or eucalyptol) and linalool, while the extracts are characterized by the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes. The essential oil and extracts of T. mastichina have demonstrated a wide diversity of biological activities. They showed antibacterial activity against several bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella subsp., methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes EGD, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas, among others, and antifungal activity against Candida spp. and Fusarium spp. Additionally, it has antioxidant activity, which has been evaluated through different methods. Furthermore, other activities have also been studied, such as anticancer, antiviral, insecticidal, repellent, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-inflammatory activity. In conclusion, considering the biological activities reported for the essential oil and extracts of T. mastichina, its potential as a preservative agent could be explored to be used in the food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Natural Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Wild Grape (Ampelocissus martinii Planch.) Root Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-550
Author(s):  
P. Siripipatthana ◽  
P. Srihanam ◽  
A. Sangdee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity

A hydromethanolic root extract of Ampelocissus martinii Planch. (A. martinii) was analyzed by standard methods for its phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions and antibacterial activities. The root extract exhibited the highest content of saponins, followed by phenols, proanthocyanidin and flavonoids, respectively. It showed high antioxidant activity in FRAP and CUPRAC assays. The root extract and standard Trolox had similar antioxidant activities in the DPPH and ABTS assay. It also showed much higher α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to standard acarbose. Moreover, the root extract inhibited all tested Gram-positive bacteria with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 6.25 mg/mL. These results indicate that A. martinii root can be pharmaceutically used as active ingredients to prevent bacterial infection and radical-related diseases especially diabetes.

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Extracts from Aerial Parts of Salvia pachyphylla Epling Ex Munz

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Almada-Taylor ◽  
Laura Díaz-Rubio ◽  
Ricardo Salazar-Aranda ◽  
Noemí Waksman de Torres ◽  
Carla Uranga-Solis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Typically Develop ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Representative Cell ◽  
A Cell

The antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and enzyme inhibitory properties of five extracts from aerial parts of Salvia pachyphylla Epling ex Munz were examined to assess the prospective of this plant as a source of natural products with therapeutic potential. These properties were analyzed by performing a set of standard assays. The extract obtained with dichloromethane showed the most variety of components, as they yielded promising results in all completed assays. Furthermore, the extract obtained with ethyl acetate exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity, as well as the best xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Remarkably, both extracts obtained with n-hexane or dichloromethane revealed significant antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria; additionally, they showed greater antiproliferative activity against three representative cell lines of the most common types of cancers in women worldwide, and against a cell line that exemplifies cancers that typically develop drug resistance. Despite that, other extracts were less active, such as the methanolic or aqueous; their results are promising for the isolation and identification of novel bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Mahanintangtong and its constituent herbs, a formula used in Thai traditional medicine for treating pharyngitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanuz Dechayont ◽  
Pathompong Phuaklee ◽  
Jitpisute Chunthorng-Orn ◽  
Thana Juckmeta ◽  
Onmanee Prajuabjinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Mahanintangtong is listed in the Thailand’s National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM). It is used to treat non-specific fevers and illnesses such as pharyngitis and chickenpox. In this study, we investigated the biological activities of the different medicinal plants used in the Mahanintangtong formula. Methods The plant materials were extracted by maceration and decoction. Antimicrobial activity, assessed by disc diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were compared with commercially available standard antibiotics. To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms, inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) production was tested by Griess and ELISA techniques. Antioxidant activity was measured by ABTS and DPPH scavenging assays. Results The extracts with the best antimicrobial activities were carbonized Tectona grandis showing against Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanol extract of Dracaena loureiroi wood exhibited the highest NO and IL-6 inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 9.42 ± 1.81 and 12.02 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively. The ethanol extract of Pogostemon cablin had the highest TNF-α inhibitory with IC50 values of 10.68 ± 0.02 μg/mL. In anti-free radical testing, the ethanol extract of D. loureiroi displayed high antioxidant activity by both ABTS and DPPH assays. Conclusion The ethanol extracts from carbonized T. grandis and Mahanintangtong showed good antimicrobial activity, especially against S. pyogenes, and good anti-inflammatory activity. These findings are relevant to the pathogenesis of pharyngitis and justify additional studies to see if Mahanintangtong could have clinical utility.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Extracts of Qualea paraensis Ducke for their Antimicrobial, Toxic and Anticholinesterase Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Melo1 ◽  
K. M. M. Aroucha1 ◽  
L. P. M. Santos ◽  
C. M. Moraes ◽  
J A. Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Popularly known as red mandioqueira, ‘mandioqueira vermelha’, Qualea paraensis Ducke is a plant species belonging to the family Vochysiaceae, with a natural distribution in the Amazon region. It is used in traditional medicine, by native communities of the Amazon and Bolivia, for the treatment of skin lesions caused by microorganisms. Previous studies of the species have found antimalarial activity in vivo assays. However, studies involving the investigation of numerous biological activities of Q. paraensis are incipient. Biological assays already performed with plants of other species of the genus Qualea have shown promising biological activities. Therefore, this study describes the evaluation of the biological activities (bactericide, fungicide, toxicity, and anticholinesterase) of an ethanolic extract of the bark of Q. paraensis from the state of Roraima, Brazil. For the evaluation of the toxicity of the extract, a system with microcrustacean Artemia salina was used. Antimicrobial activity was tested for the pathogenic groups of fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium proliferatum), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella tiphymurium), and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguinis). The potential of the extract for the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was also evaluated. The assays for determining the antimicrobial activity for Gram-positive bacteria revealed satisfactory IC50 (29.98μg/mL) inhibition values for S. sanguinis strains, showing inhibition of 64.6% of their growth. The assay for S. aureus, however, presented low inhibition. For Gram-negative bacteria, there was moderate inhibition of E. coli strains. The extract showed low toxicity to A. salina and inhibition of 23.66% of the AChE enzyme.

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