scholarly journals Innovative Water-Insoluble Edible Film Based on Biocatalytic Crosslink of Gelatin Rich in Glutamine

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Ma ◽  
Ruijin Yang ◽  
Wei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Gelatin Film ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Bioplastic Film ◽  
Covalent Crosslinks

Gelatin is a promising candidate for making bioplastic film; however, the water soluble property has limited its applications. Here, we have successfully fabricated a water-insoluble gelatin film with the assistance of biocatalysis. This innovative gelatin film could retain its original shape at ambient temperature (30 °C) or even in boiling water. Type E gelatin could form more covalent crosslinks when compared to that of conventional ones with the same amount of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase), and it exhibits obvious changes in terms of molecular weight, network structure, and mechanical strength. This work could provide a strategy for fabricating water-insoluble gelatin film and open routes for the development of bioplastic film using gelatin.

ANALISA KANDUNGAN BETA-GLUKAN LARUT AIR DAN LARUT ALKALI DARI TUBUH BUAH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN SHIITAKE (Lentinus edodes)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Netty Widyastuti ◽  
Teguh Baruji ◽  
Henky Isnawan ◽  
Priyo Wahyudi ◽  
Donowati Donowati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Oyster Mushrooms ◽  
The Difference

Beta glucan is a polysaccharide compound, generally not soluble inwater and resistant to acid. Beta glucan is used as an immunomodulator (enhancing the immune system) in mammals is usually a beta-glucan soluble in water, easily absorbed and has a low molecular weight. Several example of beta-glucan such as cellulose (β-1 ,4-glucan), lentinan (β-1 0.6-glucan) and (β-1 ,3-glucan), pleuran (β-1, 6 and β-1 ,3-glucan) are isolated from species of fungi Basidiomycota include mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes).The purpose of thisresearch activity is to obtain beta-glucan compound that can be dissolved in water and in alkali derived from fungi Basidiomycota, i.e, Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). The result of beta-glucan compared to characterize the resulting beta glucan that is molecular structure . The difference of beta glucan extraction is based on the differences in solubility of beta-glucan. Beta glucan could be water soluble and insoluble water.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite: Effect of Processing Parameters

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Hamid Ait Said ◽  
Hassan Noukrati ◽  
Hicham Ben Youcef ◽  
Ayoub Bayoussef ◽  
Hassane Oudadesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
The Impact

Three-dimensional hydroxyapatite-chitosan (HA-CS) composites were formulated via solid-liquid technic and freeze-drying. The prepared composites had an apatitic nature, which was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction and Infrared spectroscopy analyses. The impact of the solid/liquid (S/L) ratio and the content and the molecular weight of the polymer on the composite mechanical strength was investigated. An increase in the S/L ratio from 0.5 to 1 resulted in an increase in the compressive strength for HA-CSL (CS low molecular weight: CSL) from 0.08 ± 0.02 to 1.95 ± 0.39 MPa and from 0.3 ± 0.06 to 2.40 ± 0.51 MPa for the HA-CSM (CS medium molecular weight: CSM). Moreover, the increase in the amount (1 to 5 wt%) and the molecular weight of the polymer increased the mechanical strength of the composite. The highest compressive strength value (up to 2.40 ± 0.51 MPa) was obtained for HA-CSM (5 wt% of CS) formulated at an S/L of 1. The dissolution tests of the HA-CS composites confirmed their cohesion and mechanical stability in an aqueous solution. Both polymer and apatite are assumed to work together, giving the synergism needed to make effective cylindrical composites, and could serve as a promising candidate for bone repair in the orthopedic field.

scholarly journals Wound Healing Promotion by Hyaluronic Acid: Effect of Molecular Weight on Gene Expression and In Vivo Wound Closure

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Yayoi Kawano ◽  
Viorica Patrulea ◽  
Emmanuelle Sublet ◽  
Gerrit Borchard ◽  
Takuya Iyoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been known to play an important role in wound healing process. However, the effect of molecular weight (MW) of exogenously administered HA on the wound healing process has not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated HA with different MWs on wound healing process using human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and migration ability were assessed by water soluble tetrazolium (WST) assay and wound scratch assay. We examined the effect of HA addition in a full-thickness wound model in mice and the gene expression related to wound healing. Proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells increased with the increase of MW and concentration of HA. Interleukin (IL-1β), IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-13 were significantly upregulated by high molecular weight (HMW) HA in keratinocytes. Together with VEGF upregulation and the observed promotion of HaCaT migration, HA with the MW of 2290 kDa may hold potential to improve re-epithelialization, a critical obstacle to heal chronic wounds.

scholarly journals Mechanical strength and flexibility in $$\alpha '$$-4H borophene

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobair Mohammadi Mozvashi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mohebpour ◽  
Sahar Izadi Vishkayi ◽  
Meysam Bagheri Tagani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Good Stability ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Inherent Anisotropy

AbstractVery recently, a novel phase of hydrogenated borophene, namely $$\alpha '$$ α ′ -4H, has been synthesized in a free-standing form. Unlike pure borophenes, this phase shows very good stability in the air environment and possesses semiconducting characteristics. Because of the interesting stiffness and flexibility of borophenes, herein, we systematically studied the mechanical properties of this novel hydrogenated phase. Our results show that the monolayer is stiffer (Y$$_\text {xy}$$ xy = $$\sim $$ ∼ 195 N/m) than group IV and V 2D materials and even than MoS$$_2$$ 2 , while it is softer than graphene. Moreover, similar to other phases of borophene, the inherent anisotropy of the pure monolayer increases with hydrogenation. The monolayer can bear biaxial, armchair, and zigzag strains up to 16, 10, and 14% with ideal strengths of approximately 14, 9, and 12 N/m, respectively. More interestingly, it can remain semiconductor under this range of tension. These outstanding results suggest that the $$\alpha '$$ α ′ -4H is a promising candidate for flexible nanoelectronics.

scholarly journals Effect of DMPA and Molecular Weight of Polyethylene Glycol on Water-Soluble Polyurethane

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyob Wondu ◽  
Hyun Woo Oh ◽  
Jooheon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

In this study water-soluble polyurethane (WSPU) was synthesized from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and polyethylene glycol (PEG), 2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid or dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), butane-1,4-diol (BD), and triethylamine (TEA) using an acetone process. The water solubility was investigated by solubilizing the polymer in water and measuring the contact angle and the results indicated that water solubility and contact angle tendency were increased as the molecular weight of the soft segment decreased, the amount of emulsifier was increased, and soft segment to hard segment ratio was lower. The contact angle of samples without emulsifier was greater than 87°, while that of with emulsifier was less than 67°, indicating a shift from highly hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The WSPU was also analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to identify the absorption of functional groups and further checked by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The molecular weight of WSPU was measured using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). The structure of the WSPU was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The thermal properties of WSPU were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Characterization of water soluble pentosans of enzyme supplemented dough and breads/ Caracterización de las pentosanas solubles en agua extraídas de masa y pan conteniendo enzimas comerciales

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jimenez ◽  
M.A. Martinez-Anaya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Processing Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Source

Water soluble pentosans (WSP) from doughs and breads made with different enzyme preparations are characterized according to extraction yield, sugar composition, xylose/arabinose ratio and molecular weight (MW) distribution. Extraction yield was greater for dough than for bread samples, ranging from 0.94 to 1.64%, but bread extracts had a higher purity. Percent of pentoses in purified WSP was greater in pentosanase supplemented samples (28-55%) than in control and amylase containing samples (23-32%). Major sugars were xylose and arabinose, but glucose and mannose also appeared in the extracts. The xylose/arabinose (Xyl/Ara) ratio was 1.3-1.6 and underwent small changes during processing. Enzyme addition caused an increase in Xyl/Ara ratio, attributable to a debranching of arabinoxylans (AX) with higher degree of Ara substitution by arabinofuranosidase. Addition of pentosanases had a significant effect in increasing WSP with MW over 39 000, whereas those of low MW changed only slightly. MW distribution depended on enzyme source, and whereas some enzymes showed activity during fermentation others increased their activity during baking. No synergistic effects were observed in studied variables due to the combination of amylases with pentosanases. Protein in WSP extracts eluted together with ferulic acid suggesting they were linked, but not associated with a determined carbohydrate fraction.

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