scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Sodium Alginate/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium Blend Hydrogel for Artificial Skin

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Yanen Wang ◽  
Qinghua Wei ◽  
Xinpei Li ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Artificial Skin ◽  
Process Guidance ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
The Matrix

Tissue-engineered skin grafts have long been considered to be the most effective treatment for large skin defects. Especially with the advent of 3D printing technology, the manufacture of artificial skin scaffold with complex shape and structure is becoming more convenient. However, the matrix material used as the bio-ink for 3D printing artificial skin is still a challenge. To address this issue, sodium alginate (SA)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) blend hydrogel was proposed to be the bio-ink for artificial skin fabrication, and SA/CMC-Na (SC) composite hydrogels at different compositions were investigated in terms of morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties, and biological properties, so as to screen out the optimal composition ratio of SC for 3D printing artificial skin. Moreover, the designed SC composite hydrogel skin membranes were used for rabbit wound defeat repairing to evaluate the repair effect. Results show that SC4:1 blend hydrogel possesses the best mechanical properties, good moisturizing ability, proper degradation rate, and good biocompatibility, which is most suitable for 3D printing artificial skin. This research provides a process guidance for the design and fabrication of SA/CMC-Na composite artificial skin.

scholarly journals Microstructural analysis of Al6063/sic with calcium additives for hardness enhancement

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Balaji Bakthavatchalam ◽  
Khairul Habib ◽  
Namdev Patil ◽  
Omar A Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
Silicon Phase ◽  
High Durability ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Al6063 Alloy

Microstructural Analysis plays an important role in enhancing the mechanical properties of metals and composites. Usually Aluminium Silicon Carbide (Al6063/SiC) alloys are mixed with strontium, sodium and antimony for high durability even though they are toxic and costly. As an alternative calcium is used as an alloying element to improve the mechanical property of Al6063/Sic alloy. In this paper Al6063 is chosen as the matrix material while Sic is used as a reinforcement where calcium powder is added to modify the silicon phase of the composite. Finally, concentration of Silicon carbide is varied from 0 to 150 mg to produce four specimens of Al6063 alloy and it is subjected to microstructure analysis which showed the reduction of grain size and therefore improvement in the hardness from 52.9 HV to 58.4 HV and decrease in the wear loss from 3.97 to 3.27 percentage.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Composites with Aluminum Alloy Matrix Designed for Metal Forming

2013 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Myalski ◽  
Jakub Wieczorek ◽  
Adam Płachta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
Segregation Process ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Glass Carbon ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The change of matrix and usage of the aluminum alloys designed for the metal forming in making the composite suspension allows to extend the processing possibility of this type of materials. The possibility of the metal forming of the composites obtained by mechanical mixing will extend the range of composite materials usage. Applying of the metal forming e.g. matrix forging, embossing, pressing or rolling, will allow to remove the incoherence of the structure created while casting and removing casting failures. In order to avoid the appearance of the casting failures the homogenization conditions need to be changed. Inserting the particles into the matrix influences on the shortening of the composite solidification. The type of the applied particles influenced the sedimentation process and reinforcement agglomeration in the structure of the composite. Opposite to the composites reinforced with one-phase particles applying the fasess mixture (glassy carbon and silicon carbide) triggered significant limitation in the segregation process while casting solidification. Inserting the particles into the AW-AlCu2SiMn matrix lowers the mechanical properties tension and impact value strength. The most beneficial mechanical properties were gained in case of heterofasess composites reinforced with the particle mixture of SiC and glass carbon. The chemical composition of the matrix material (AW-AlCu2SiMn) allows to increase additionally mechanical characteristics by the precipitation hardening reached through heat casting forming.

scholarly journals DLP 3D Printing Meets Lignocellulosic Biopolymers: Carboxymethyl Cellulose Inks for 3D Biocompatible Hydrogels

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Melilli ◽  
Irene Carmagnola ◽  
Chiara Tonda-Turo ◽  
Fabrizio Pirri ◽  
Gianluca Ciardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Biomedical Field

The development of new bio-based inks is a stringent request for the expansion of additive manufacturing towards the development of 3D-printed biocompatible hydrogels. Herein, methacrylated carboxymethyl cellulose (M-CMC) is investigated as a bio-based photocurable ink for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. CMC is chemically modified using methacrylic anhydride. Successful methacrylation is confirmed by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Aqueous formulations based on M-CMC/lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) photoinitiator and M-CMC/Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)/LAP show high photoreactivity upon UV irradiation as confirmed by photorheology and FTIR. The same formulations can be easily 3D-printed through a DLP apparatus to produce 3D shaped hydrogels with excellent swelling ability and mechanical properties. Envisaging the application of the hydrogels in the biomedical field, cytotoxicity is also evaluated. The light-induced printing of cellulose-based hydrogels represents a significant step forward in the production of new DLP inks suitable for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Translation of a Coated Rigid Spherical Inclusion in an Elastic Matrix: Exact Solution, and Implications for Mechanobiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Moxiao Li ◽  
Shaobao Liu ◽  
Fusheng Liu ◽  
Guy M. Genin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Exact Solution ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Spherical Inclusion ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Elastic Matrix ◽  
Protein Ligands ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Matrix Modulus

The displacement of relatively rigid beads within a relatively compliant, elastic matrix can be used to measure the mechanical properties of the matrix. For example, in mechanobiological studies, magnetic or reflective beads can be displaced with a known external force to estimate the matrix modulus. Although such beads are generally rigid compared to the matrix, the material surrounding the beads typically differs from the matrix in one or two ways. The first case, as is common in mechanobiological experimentation, is the situation in which the bead must be coated with materials such as protein ligands that enable adhesion to the matrix. These layers typically differ in stiffness relative to the matrix material. The second case, common for uncoated beads, is the situation in which the beads disrupt the structure of the hydrogel or polymer, leading to a region of enhanced or reduced stiffness in the neighborhood of the bead. To address both cases, we developed the first analytical solution of the problem of translation of a coated, rigid spherical inclusion displaced within an isotropic elastic matrix by a remotely applied force. The solution is applicable to cases of arbitrary coating stiffness and size of the coating. We conclude by discussing applications of the solution to mechanobiology.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of 6061 Al Matrix Smart Composite Containing TiNi Shape Memory Fiber

1996 ◽  
Vol 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lee ◽  
K. Hamada ◽  
K. Miziuuchia ◽  
M. Taya ◽  
K. Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Flow Strength ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Shape Memory Fiber ◽  
Al Matrix

ABSTRACT6061 Al-matrix composite with TiNi shape memory fiber as reinforcement has been fabricated by vacuum hot pressing to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties. The yield stress of this composite increases with increasing amount of prestrain, and it also depends on the volume fraction of fiber and heat treatment. The smartness of the composite is given due to the shape memory effect of the TiNi fiber which generates compressive residual stresses in the matrix material when heated after being prestrained. Microstructual observations have revealed that interfacial reactions occur between the matrix and fiber, creating two intermetallic layers. The flow strength of the composite at elevated temperatures is significantly higher than that of the matrix alloy without TiNi fiber.

scholarly journals Impact of the reinforced metal structure on the mechanical properties foamed aluminium composites at the load

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-326
Author(s):  
Olga Mareeva ◽  
Vladimir Ermilov ◽  
Vera Snezhko ◽  
Dmitrii Benin ◽  
Alexander Bakshtanin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Stress Plateau ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract This paper is an experimental study of the quasi-static mechanical compressive properties of the reinforced closed-cell aluminum alloy foams with different cell orientations at different strain rates. The reinforced foam samples were obtained via the powder metallurgical route. The results of the compression tests revealed that the deformation behavior and mechanical properties of foamed aluminum composites are highly dependent on the orientation of the reinforcing mesh. Differences in the deformation behavior of foams appear to be influenced by the mechanical properties of the matrix material, by foam deformation mechanisms, and by the mechanical properties of the reinforcement. The yield stress, plateau stress, densification stress, and energy absorption capacity of unreinforced foam samples improved linearly with increasing strain rate due to dynamic recrystallization and softening of the foam matrix material. The reinforced foam samples exhibit nonlinear deformation behavior. It was also found that the mechanical properties reduction of transverse reinforced foams was slightly lower compared to foams with longitudinal reinforcement at varying strain rates because of the large contribution of the mechanical properties of the reinforcement. The results of the present study can be employed to modelling and obtain impact-resistant fillers for complex structures in transport construction.

scholarly journals Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Banana and Palmyra Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Vennapusa Vijaya Bhaskar ◽  
Kolla Srinivas ◽  
Devireddy Siva Bhaskara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Interfacial Analysis ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractThe present work addresses the physical and mechanical properties of banana and palmyra fiber reinforced epoxy composites with the aim of study on the effect of weight ratio and fiber percentage. The banana and palmyra fibers were arranged with different weight ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) and then mixed with the epoxy matrix by hand lay-up technique to prepare the hybrid composites with various fiber percentages (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The properties are measured by testing its density, water absorption, tensile strength, impact strength, hardness and flexural strength and compared. From the results, it was indicated that addition of banana and palmyra fiber in to the matrix material up to 30% by fiber percentage results in increasing the mechanical properties and slightly variation with weight ratios. Interfacial analysis of the hybrid composites were also observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to study the internal failures and micro structure of the tested specimen.

scholarly journals Polymer Composites Used in Rapid Prototyping Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bulanda ◽  
Mariusz Oleksy ◽  
Rafał Oliwa ◽  
Grzegorz Budzik ◽  
Tadeusz Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNew materials and filaments dedicated to 3D printing were obtained using the fused deposition modeling method, and the properties of the produced materials were investigated. Polylactide was used as a polymer base for the assays because of the desired properties of the polymer, mainly biodegradability, and the matrix was refilled by the addition of metallic nanofillers, such as bronze, copper, brass, and steel. For the composites obtained, mechanical properties were investigated to determine the dependence of the obtained results on the content and type of filler used and on the method of fabrication of the fittings. It was found that the additives present in the polymer matrix increased the fluidity of the material. The best results were obtained for the compositions with bronze and steel in which the mass flow rate was 72.97 and 79.99 g/10 min, respectively. The filled material that had lower hardness was measured by Rockwell and the impact strength was measured by Charpy. In addition, it was found that injection-molded parts obtained much better mechanical properties than those obtained by 3D printing.

scholarly journals Improving Some Mechanical Properties and Thermal conductivity of PMMA Polymer by using Environmental Waste

2021 ◽  
pp. 2188-2196
Author(s):  
Tagreed M. Al-Saadi ◽  
Anaam W. Watan ◽  
Hanaa G. Attiya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Reinforcement Rate ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pmma Polymer ◽  
Composite Samples

This study was achieved to satisfy two goals, the first of which is to treat an environmental problem represented by the disposal of date seeds, and the second is the use of these wastes to improve some mechanical and thermal properties of poly methyl methacrylate PMMA through strengthening different proportions of the powder of date seeds. Particles of date seeds were used as a natural strengthening material for PMMA polymer, by mixing the matrix material (resin) with the hardener while still stirring continuously for a period of 10 min. After that, the samples of the reinforced material were prepared by adding the powder of date seeds, which is the reinforcing substance, with different percentages of weight fraction (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 wt. %) and a grain size of <75 µm, while continuing to stir (10 min) for a second time. The composite samples were prepared by the Hand-Lay-up method and cut according to the standard ASTM. Thermal conductivity and some mechanical properties, such as impact strength, tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, and hardness, were studied. An improvement was found in all properties at the reinforcement rate of 1-2 wt. %.

scholarly journals Study on Processing Technology of Rose Milk Beverage

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 01114
Author(s):  
Dan-min Fan ◽  
Zhi-long Yang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Evaluation Parameters

The main raw materials of rose milk beverage are Yunnan red roses and milk. By analyzing the proportions of rose juice to milk, sucrose, citric acid and sodium alginate, and by taking flavor, taste, color and tissue state as the evaluation parameters, we conducted single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, and identified the optimum formula of rose milk beverage: 8% rose juice, 6% milk, 10% sucrose, 0.1% citric acid, and 0.15% compound stabilizer (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate in the proportion of 1:1). Unique flavor of rose milk beverage with rich nutrition can be prepared by using the optimum formula we obtained.

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