scholarly journals Novel Omics Studies on Anisakid Nematodes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Serena Cavallero ◽  
Fabrizio Lombardo ◽  
Stefano D’Amelio
Keyword(s):  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes

Parasitic nematodes infecting humans and animals are widely distributed in marine and terrestrial environments, causing considerable morbidity and mortality globally [...]

Incidence of poisoning deaths in Finland in 1971–2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Kivistö ◽  
VM Mattila ◽  
J Parkkari ◽  
P Kannus
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Alcohol Poisoning ◽  
Poisoning Deaths ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Poisonings cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, only few countries have published nationwide statistics on poisoning deaths. Based on the Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland, we investigated the incidence and secular trend of poisoning deaths in Finland in 1971–2005. Alcohol poisoning deaths and other poisoning deaths were analyzed separately. During the 35-year study period, other poisoning deaths (non-alcohol) increased from 2.6/100,000 in men and 1.4/100,000 in women in 1971 to 6.8/100,000 and 3.2/100,000 in 2005, respectively. Alcohol poisoning death rates also increased from 9.6/100,000 in men and 0.7/100,000 in women in 1971 to 16.8/100,000 and 4.2/100,000 in 2005, respectively. In the early 1970s, the incidence rates of alcohol deaths were about 10 times higher in men compared with women, whereas in the last few years of observation, men's incidence rate was only about four times higher. Our study showed that alcohol and other poisoning deaths increased in Finland between 1971 and 2005. Men’s risk was markedly higher than women’s risk, but in the later years, women’s risk was increasing. Poisoning death rates among children and adolescents were low throughout the period.

INCIDENCE OF ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH PAIN ABDOMEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Pankaj Prasad Verma ◽  
Manjar Ali ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Vinay Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Tuberculosis is a major health problem worldwide and in India continues to be responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality despite tremendous effort made in diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy. The disease may involve any system of body but abdomen is one of the commonest site of involvement after lungs. This study is carrying to nd out Incidence of Abdominal Tuberculosis in patients of pain abdomen presenting as acute/chronic cases. The present study was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, from April 2018 to September 2019. The total number of cases selected disease remains early detection. A continual awareness on the part of the clinician of the possibility of abdominal Tuberculosis in many patients with obscure abdominal symptoms should avoid errors and aid in the detection of a condition, which if treated early, not only produces remarkable remission and relief on the part of for this study was 1800. According to the presentation, the patients were clinically divided into 2 broad groups: those who were admitted as acute emergencies and those who came with a chronic presentation. From these two groups 100 cases were fall in our inclusion criteria. Of these 100 patients, most were in their third or fourth decades of life, and females were approx two times more commonly affected as their male counterparts, maintaining an approximate ratio of 1.86:1. Thus we had a 5.55 % incidence of abdominal Tuberculosis in this series. The development of cheap and efcient procedures for early diagnosis remains one of the practical problems to battle this disease, because the only way to decrease morbidity and mortality of this the patients but also takes unnecessary burden off the health care services.

Pica as a Cause of Death in Three Mentally Handicapped Men

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
Mental Handicap ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Age Of Death

In Prudhoe Hospital, a large mental-handicap hospital of 1000 residents, it was found that of the 94 deaths that occurred between 1982 and 1986, three were closely associated with the habit of pica. These deaths occurred in severely and profoundly handicapped males, whose average age was 32, compared with an average age of death of 58 for the combined groups of severely and profoundly mentally handicapped patients (22 cases), and an average age of death of 60 for all degrees of handicap (94 cases). It seems likely that the habit of pica constitutes a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality in certain institutionalised patients.

scholarly journals Novel Nematode-Killing Protein-1 (Nkp-1) from a Marine Epiphytic Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1586
Author(s):  
Nor Hawani Salikin ◽  
Malak Dubois ◽  
Jadranka Nappi ◽  
Helene Lebhar ◽  
Christopher Marquis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Genomic Libraries ◽  
Epiphytic Bacterium ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Future Drug ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Pseudoalteromonas Tunicata

Drug resistance among parasitic nematodes has resulted in an urgent need for the development of new therapies. However, the high re-discovery rate of anti-nematode compounds from terrestrial environments necessitates a new repository for future drug research. Marine epiphytes are hypothesised to produce nematicidal compounds as a defence against bacterivorous predators, thus representing a promising yet underexplored source for anti-nematode drug discovery. The marine epiphytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is known to produce several bioactive compounds. Screening heterologously expressed genomic libraries of P. tunicata against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, identified as an E. coli clone (HG8), shows fast-killing activity. Here we show that clone HG8 produces a novel nematode-killing protein-1 (Nkp-1) harbouring a predicted carbohydrate-binding domain with weak homology to known bacterial pore-forming toxins. We found bacteria expressing Nkp-1 were able to colonise the C. elegans intestine, with exposure to both live bacteria and protein extracts resulting in physical damage and necrosis, leading to nematode death within 24 h of exposure. Furthermore, this study revealed C. elegans dar (deformed anal region) and internal hatching may act as a nematode defence strategy against Nkp-1 toxicity. The characterisation of this novel protein and putative mode of action not only contributes to the development of novel anti-nematode applications in the future but reaffirms the potential of marine epiphytic bacteria as a new source of novel biomolecules.

Blood parasites of penguins: a critical review

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
pp. 931-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
RALPH ERIC THIJL VANSTREELS ◽  
ÉRIKA MARTINS BRAGA ◽  
JOSÉ LUIZ CATÃO-DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

SUMMARYBlood parasites are considered some of the most significant pathogens for the conservation of penguins, due to the considerable morbidity and mortality they have been shown to produce in captive and wild populations of these birds. Parasites known to occur in the blood of penguins include haemosporidian protozoans (Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus), piroplamid protozoans (Babesia), kinetoplastid protozoans (Trypanosoma), spirochete bacteria (Borrelia) and nematode microfilariae. This review provides a critical and comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge on these parasites, providing an overview of their biology, host and geographic distribution, epidemiology, pathology and implications for public health and conservation.

scholarly journals Current concepts in the management of enterocutaneous fistula

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1981
Author(s):  
Amabra Dodiyi-Manuel ◽  
Promise N. Wichendu
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Enterocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Fistula Tract ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Enterocutaneous fistula is an abnormal connection between the intra-abdominal gastrointestinal tract and skin. It causes considerable morbidity and mortality. The goals of management are restoration of gastrointestinal continuity and allowance of enteral nutrition with minimal morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the successful management and this has led to closure rates ranging from 5-20% following conservative management and 75-85% with operative treatment. This article seeks to review the current concepts in the management of enterocutaneous fistula. A systematic search of literature on enterocutaneous fistula was conducted. Relevant materials were selected and selected references from relevant books, journal articles and abstracts using Medline, Google scholar and Pubmed databases were critically reviewed. Enterocutaneous fistulas can be classified by the anatomy, aetiology or physiology. Anatomically, enterocutaneous fistula has been classified based on the organ of origin and this is useful in the consideration of management options: type l (abdominal oesophageal and gastroduodenal fistula), type ll (small bowel fistula), type lll (large bowel fistula) and type IV (enteroatmospheric, regardless of origin. The anatomy also depends on the presence or absence of associated abscess cavity and the length and characteristics of the fistula tract. Aetiologically, the majority of enterocutaneous fistulas are iatrogenic (75-85%) while between 15 and 25% occur spontaneously. The physiological classification is based on the volume of its output. High output fistulas drain more than 500mls in 24 hours, moderate output between 200 and 500mls in 24 hours and low output less than 200mls in 24 hours. Successful management requires a multidisciplinary approach and would consist of initial resuscitaion with fluids and electrolytes, control of sepsis, good and adequate nutrition, wound care and skin protection and definitive management. The treatment of enterocutaneous fistula is multidisciplinary and remains a challenge despite the recent improvement in supportive care. Once enterocutaneous fistula occurs, adequate stabilization of the patient and non-operative management should be commenced. If surgery is required, careful planning, meticulous dissection, restoration of bowel continuity and reconstruction of abdominal wall are critical.

scholarly journals Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy: perioperative outcomes in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
A. B. M. Bayezid Hossain ◽  
Sadia Afroz ◽  
M. Tasnimul Khair Shovon ◽  
Nabila Anjuman ◽  
Mitul Chackraborty
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Critical Care Management ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is one of the most complex surgery with significant mortality and morbidity. Though the mortality rate has steadily improved, morbidity continues to be high. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the perioperative outcome following this procedure at our hospital.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the department of Surgery, Sir Salimullah medical college and Mitford hospital from July 2018 to December 2019. A total of 29 patients who undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy were included in the study. Preoperative, intra-operative and post-operative data were analyzed with emphasis on the morbidity and mortality rates. None of the operated patients received any types of neoadjuvant therapy.Results: Out of 29 patients who underwent PD, 18 (62.1%) were male and 11 (37.9%) were female with a median age of 53.7 years. The most common (34.5%) age group of the patients were 51-60 years. Jaundice was the commonest (89.7%) presenting symptoms followed by anorexia (75.9%) and abdominal pain (48.3%). Overall complications occurred in 37.9% patients, including wound infections (31.0%) and post-operative pancreatic fistula (6.9%). The post-operative mortality rate was 6.9%.Conclusions: PD still causes considerable morbidity and mortality. With careful patient selection, adequate preoperative preparation, surgical technique, excellent critical care management PD can be performed safely. At our center we have a reasonable volume and our data are comparable to literature data. 

EP.FRI.258 A closed loop audit of deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in the acute surgical receiving unit of a large teaching hospital; reducing morbidity and mortality, and improving cost-effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yu Chen ◽  
Fraser Norman ◽  
Paul Paterson-Byrne ◽  
Gary Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Thrombosis Prophylaxis ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Vte Prophylaxis ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Abstract Aims Acute surgical patients have a significant risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to factors such as surgery, immobility, dehydration, and existing comorbidities. All patients admitted to an acute surgical unit should have their VTE risk assessed. Our aim was to assess VTE prophylaxis practices. Methods We performed a closed loop audit on DVT prophylaxis using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network proforma. Data on anti-embolic stockings (AES) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) were collected and presented at a local audit meeting. The intervention included reinforcing the importance of VTE prophylaxis compliance amongst junior doctors and nursing staff, and provision of posters within the department and on patient trolleys. Data was collected to complete the audit cycle. Results A total of 171 patients were included. Prior to the intervention, 13.9% did not receive LMWH when indicated and 37.4% were non-compliant with AES. Overall, 40% had insufficient DVT thromboprophylaxis. Post implementation, 8.9% did not receive LMWH when indicated and 46.4% were noncompliant with AES. Overall, 50% had insufficient DVT thromboprophylaxis. LMWH compliance was 5.0% higher on re-auditing however AES compliance was 9.0% lower. Conclusions Adherence to thromboprophylaxis regulations was below expected standards. Thromboprophylaxis is cost-effective and prevents considerable morbidity and mortality, so ongoing audits alongside analyses of potential causes should be encouraged. We acknowledge the data’s limitations in that the reasons for low compliance cannot be ascertained here, but results suggest that there exists room for more interventions aiming to encourage a marked improvement both in LMWH and AES compliance.

Critical coarctation in an extremely low birth weight pre-term infant

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Anja Bialkowski ◽  
Winfried Baden ◽  
Axel R. Franz ◽  
Christian F. Poets ◽  
Michael Hofbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Aortic Coarctation ◽  
Prostaglandin E1 ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
End To End ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

AbstractNeonatal interventions for critical aortic coarctation may be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality if the patient is extremely premature. We report the successful treatment of critical coarctation in a 25-week, 740-gram infant using initial clipping of the duct until continued prostaglandin E1 infusion delayed end-to-end anastomosis 7 weeks later.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document