scholarly journals IL-6 Polymorphisms Are Not Related to Obesity Parameters in Physically Active Young Men

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1498
Author(s):  
Ewelina Maculewicz ◽  
Bożena Antkowiak ◽  
Oktawiusz Antkowiak ◽  
Andrzej Mastalerz ◽  
Agnieszka Białek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Metabolic Hormone ◽  
Homogenous Population

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions, but is also considered as a “metabolic hormone” involved in immune responses, affecting glucose, protein and lipid metabolism. It has been proposed to be related to obesity, but various results have been presented. Thus, in this study, the very homogenous population of young, male military professionals, living in the same conditions involving high physical activity, has been selected to avoid the influence of environmental factors. The subjects were divided into groups depending on the obesity parameters BMI (body mass index) and fat percentage (fat%), and the following IL-6 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) were analyzed: rs1800795, rs1800796 and rs13306435. No relation was found between obesity parameters and IL-6 polymorphisms rs1800795, rs1800796 and rs13306435. It may be postulated that even if a genetic predisposition involves IL-6 genes, this effect in individuals with obesity of a low grade is minor, or can be avoided or at least markedly reduced by changes in lifestyle.

scholarly journals Assessing the Causality Factors in the Association between (Abdominal) Obesity and Physical Activity among the Newfoundland Population–-A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. GEG.S38289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Barning ◽  
Taraneh Abarin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Similar Association ◽  
Randomization Analysis

A total of 1,263 adults from Newfoundland and Labrador were studied in the research. Body mass index (BMI) and percent trunk fat (PTF) were analyzed as biomarkers for obesity. The Mendelian randomization (MR) approach with two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the fat-mass and obesity (FTO) gene as instruments was employed to assess the causal effect. In both genders, increasing physical activity significantly reduced BMI and PTF when adjusted for age and the FTO gene. The effect of physical activity was stronger on PTF than BMI. Direct observational analyses showed significant increase in BMI/PTF when physical activity decreased. A similar association in MR analyses was not significant. The association between physical activity and BMI/PTF could be due to reversed causality or common confounding factors. Our study provides insights into the causal contributions of obesity to physical activity in adults. Health intervention strategies to increase physical activity among adults should include some other plans such as improving diet for reducing obesity.

scholarly journals Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the fatty acid synthase, LOC514211, and fat mass and obesity-associated genes with milk traits in Indonesian-Holstein dairy cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1160-1166
Author(s):  
Amalia Puji Rahayu ◽  
Tety Hartatik ◽  
Agung Purnomoadi ◽  
Edy Kurnianto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Aim: The study aimed to identify fatty acid synthase (FASN), LOC514211, and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene polymorphisms and to investigate their associations with milk traits in an Indonesian-Holstein dairy cow population. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 Indonesian-Holstein cows consisting of 50 heads (0th generation; G0) and 50 heads of their daughters (1st generation; G1) were used. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed to genotype three single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs41919985 in the FASN gene, rs42688595 in the LOC514211 gene, and g.1371T>A in the FTO gene. Results: FASN rs41919985 was associated with milk protein percentage (p<0.05), FTO g.1371T>A was associated with milk fat percentage (p<0.05), and LOC514211 rs42688595 was not associated with any trait (p>0.05). Heterozygote variants showed a higher protein percentage for FASN and the highest fat percentage for FTO. These associations were consistent in the G0 and G1 populations. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the milk protein and fat percentages can be improved by increasing the frequency of the AG genotype of FASN and the AT genotype of FTO, respectively.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Obesity Indices, Body Fat Percentage, and Grip Strength in Young Adults with different Physical Activity Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Söğüt ◽  
Kaya ◽  
Altunsoy ◽  
Clark ◽  
Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Obesity Indices ◽  
Activity Groups

The purposes of this study were to determine whether moderately physically active (MPA) and highly physically active (HPA) male (n = 96, age = 22.5 ± 1.7 years) and female (n = 85, age = 21.3 ± 1.6 years) young adults differed in their anthropometric obesity indices (AOIs), body fat percentage (BF%), and muscular strength, and also to examine the associations between physical activity level (PAL) and the abovementioned variables. Participants were measured for body height and weight, BF%, waist and hip circumferences, and maximal isometric grip strength. According to their PAL, estimated by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, they were assigned to MPA and HPA subgroups. Regardless of gender, results indicated that participants in the MPA groups had significantly higher values of body weight, waist and hip circumference, BF%, and BMI than participants in the HPA groups. No significant differences were found between physical activity groups in terms of grip strength. The AOIs and BF% were found to be significantly and negatively correlated with the PAL in both genders. In conclusion, the findings of the study suggest that high habitual physical activity is associated with lower adiposity markers. However, the differences in the hand grip strength of the contrasting activity groups were negligible.

scholarly journals Men on the Move–Nashville: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Technology-Enhanced Physical Activity Pilot Intervention for Overweight and Obese Middle and Older Age African American Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donnatesa A. L. Dean ◽  
Derek M. Griffith ◽  
Sydika A. McKissic ◽  
Emily K. Cornish ◽  
Vicki Johnson-Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Group Sessions

Men on the Move–Nashville was a quasi-experimental, 10-week pilot physical activity intervention. A total of 40 overweight or obese African American men ages 30 to 70 (mean age = 47) enrolled in the intervention. Participants attended 8 weekly, 90-minute small group sessions with a certified personal trainer. Each session consisted of discussions aimed to educate and motivate men to be more physically active, and an exercise component aimed to increase endurance, strength, and flexibility. Throughout each week, men used wearable activity trackers to promote self-monitoring and received informational and motivational SMS text messages. Of the 40 enrolled men, 85% completed the intervention, and 80% attended four or more small group sessions. Additionally, 70% of participants successfully used the activity tracker, but only 30% of men utilized their gym memberships. Participants benefited from both the small group discussions and activities through increasing social connection and guidance from their trainer and group members. These African American men reported being motivated to engage in physical activity through each of these technologies. Men reported that the activity trackers provided an important extension to their social network of physically active people. The intervention resulted in significant increases in men’s self-reported levels of light, moderate, vigorous, and sports-related physical activities, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and significant decreases in weight and body fat percentage with small, moderate and large effects shown. Including technology and didactic components in small group-based interventions holds promise in motivating African American men to increase their physical activity.

scholarly journals Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wärnberg ◽  
Karen Cunningham ◽  
Javier Romeo ◽  
Ascension Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesity and diseases such as type-II diabetes and CVD, through its action on the low-grade inflammatory state. Most research on this topic hypothesised that the association between physical activity and inflammatory markers is independent of fatness, but very few studies have proven this. Given that physical activity and obesity are often inversely related, it is not clear as to whether the anti-inflammatory health benefits of a physically active lifestyle are due to exercise per se or result from favourable changes in the body composition.

scholarly journals Lack of Association betweenTLR4Genetic Polymorphisms and Diabetic Nephropathy in a Chinese Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danfeng Peng ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Jiemin Pan ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Shanshan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Objective. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a central role in innate immunity. Activation of innate immune response and subsequent chronic low-grade inflammation are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we aimed to investigate whetherTLR4variants are associated with diabetic nephropathy in the Chinese population.Methods. Seven tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ofTLR4based on HapMap Chinese data were genotyped in 1,455 Chinese type 2 diabetic patients. Of these patients, 622 were diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy and 833 were patients with diabetes for over 5 years but without diabetic nephropathy.Results. None of the SNPs and haplotypes showed significant association to diabetic nephropathy in our study. No association between the SNPs and quantitative traits was observed either.Conclusion. We concluded that common variants withinTLR4genes were not associated with diabetic nephropathy in the Chinese type 2 diabetes patients.

scholarly journals Another Weapon against Cancer and Metastasis: Physical-Activity-Dependent Effects on Adiposity and Adipokines

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Silvia Perego ◽  
Veronica Sansoni ◽  
Ewa Ziemann ◽  
Giovanni Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Active Behavior ◽  
Psychological Conditions

Physically active behavior has been associated with a reduced risk of developing certain types of cancer and improved psychological conditions for patients by reducing anxiety and depression, in turn improving the quality of life of cancer patients. On the other hand, the correlations between inactivity, sedentary behavior, and overweight and obesity with the risk of development and progression of various cancers are well studied, mainly in middle-aged and elderly subjects. In this article, we have revised the evidence on the effects of physical activity on the expression and release of the adipose-tissue-derived mediators of low-grade chronic inflammation, i.e., adipokines, as well as the adipokine-mediated impacts of physical activity on tumor development, growth, and metastasis. Importantly, exercise training may be effective in mitigating the side effects related to anti-cancer treatment, thereby underlining the importance of encouraging cancer patients to engage in moderate-intensity activities. However, the strong need to customize and adapt exercises to a patient’s abilities is apparent. Besides the preventive effects of physically active behavior against the adipokine-stimulated cancer risk, it remains poorly understood how physical activity, through its actions as an adipokine, can actually influence the onset and development of metastases.

scholarly journals Replication of HLA class II locus association with susceptibility to podoconiosis in three Ethiopian ethnic groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewodros Gebresilase ◽  
Chris Finan ◽  
Daniel Suveges ◽  
Tesfaye Sisay Tessema ◽  
Abraham Aseffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractPodoconiosis, a debilitating lymphoedema of the leg, results from barefoot exposure to volcanic clay soil in genetically susceptible individuals. A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted in the Wolaita ethnic group from Ethiopia showed association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HLA class II region and podoconiosis. We aimed to conduct a second GWAS in a new sample (N = 1892) collected from the Wolaita and two other Ethiopian populations, the Amhara and the Oromo, also affected by podoconiosis. Fourteen SNPs in the HLA class II region showed significant genome-wide association (P < 5.0 × 10−8) with podoconiosis. The lead SNP was rs9270911 (P = 5.51 × 10−10; OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.34–1.74), located near HLA-DRB1. Inclusion of data from the first GWAS (combined N = 2289) identified 47 SNPs in the class II HLA region that were significantly associated with podoconiosis (lead SNP also rs9270911 (P = 2.25 × 10−12). No new loci outside of the HLA class II region were identified in this more highly-powered second GWAS. Our findings confirm the HLA class II association with podoconiosis suggesting HLA-mediated abnormal induction and regulation of immune responses may have a direct role in its pathogenesis.

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