Corrosion Behavior of High-Mn Austenitic Fe–Mn–Al–Cr–C Steels in NaCl and NaOH Solutions

The corrosion behavior of austenitic Fe–Mn–Al–Cr–C twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) and microband-induced plasticity (MBIP) steels with different alloying elements ranging from 22.6–30 wt.% Mn, 5.2–8.5 wt.% Al, 3.1–5.1 wt.% Cr, to 0.68–1.0 wt.% C was studied in 3.5 wt.% NaCl (pH 7) and 10 wt.% NaOH (pH 14) solutions. The results obtained using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques, alongside optical microscopy analysis, revealed pitting as the dominant corrosion mechanism in high-Mn TWIP steels. An X-ray diffraction analysis of the surface revealed that the main corrosion products were hematite (Fe2O3), braunite (Mn2O3), and hausmannite (Mn3O4), and binary oxide spinels were also identified, such as galaxite (MnAl2O4) and jacobsite (MnFe2O4). This is due to the higher dissolution rate of Fe and Mn, which present a more active redox potential. In addition, a protective Al2O3 passive film was also revealed, showing enhanced corrosion protection. The highest corrosion susceptibility in both electrolytes was exhibited by the MBIP steel (30 wt.% Mn). Pitting corrosion was observed in both chloride and alkaline solutions.

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Effect of Zn Content on Structure, Roughness and Corrosion Behavior of Zn-Ni Alloys

Scientific Bulletin of Valahia University - Materials and Mechanics ◽

10.2478/bsmm-2019-0013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

Hayette Faid

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Stripping Voltammetry ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Ni Alloys ◽

Sulfate Bath ◽

Zn Content ◽

Polarization Test ◽

Δ Phase

AbstractIn this work, Zn-Ni alloys have been deposited on steel from sulfate bath, by electrodeposition method. The effect of Zn content on deposits properties was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoaperometry (CA), linear stripping voltammetry (ALSV) and diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt. NaCl solution was examined using anodic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction of show that Zn-Ni alloys structure is composed of δ phase and γ phase, which increase with the decrease of Zn content in deposits. Results show that deposits obtained from bath less Zn2+ concentration exhibited better corrosion resistance.

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Effect of Graphene Oxide Concentration in Electrolyte on Corrosion Behavior of Electrodeposited Zn–Electrochemical Reduction Graphene Composite Coatings

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings9110758 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 758 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yang ◽

Zhang ◽

Wang ◽

Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽

304 Stainless Steel ◽

Sulfate Electrolyte ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Tafel Polarization ◽

Laser Raman

Pure Zn and Zn–ERGO composite coatings were prepared by direct current electrodeposition on 304 stainless steel. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and laser Raman spectroscopy (Raman). Results obtained have shown that the concentration of GO sheets in zinc sulfate electrolyte has an important effect on the preferred crystal orientation and the surface morphology of Zn–ERGO composite coatings. A study of the corrosion behavior of the coatings by Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) methods leads to the conclusion that the Zn-1.0 g/L ERGO composite coating possesses the best corrosion resistance compared to the pure Zn coating and other composite coatings in this study.

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Effect of Rare Earth Oxides on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Laser-Cladding Coating on 316L Stainless Steel

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings9100636 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 636 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xu ◽

Wang ◽

Chen ◽

Qiao ◽

Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Laser Cladding ◽

316L Stainless Steel ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Salt Spray ◽

Rare Earth Oxides ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray

The effect of rare earth oxides on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of laser-cladding coating on 316L stainless steel was investigated using hardness measurements, a polarization curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a salt spray test, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the modification of rare earth oxides on the laser-cladding layer caused minor changes to its composition but refined the grains, leading to an increase in hardness. Electrochemical and salt spray studies indicated that the corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steel could be improved by laser cladding, especially when rare earth oxides (i.e., CeO2 and La2O3) were added as a modifier.

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Effect of Sn Addition on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of As-Extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al Alloy

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12132069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (13) ◽

pp. 2069 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jian Ding ◽

Xin Liu ◽

Yujiang Wang ◽

Wei Huang ◽

Bo Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Corrosion Current ◽

Electrochemical Measurements ◽

Corrosion Mechanism ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Average Grain Size

The effect of Sn addition on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al–xSn (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt %) alloys was investigated by optical microscopy (OM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical measurements, and immersion tests. Microstructural results showed that the average grain size decreased to some degree and the amount of precipitates increased with the increasing amount of Sn. The extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al–xSn alloy mainly consisted of α-Mg, Mg32(Al,Zn)49, and Mg2Sn phases as the content of Sn was above 1 wt %. Electrochemical measurements indicated that the extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al–1Sn (ZAT541) alloy presented the best corrosion performances, with corrosion potential (Ecorr) and corrosion current density (Icorr) values of −1.3309 V and 6.707 × 10−6 A·cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the corrosion mechanism of Sn is discussed in detail.

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Comparative Study of the Corrosion Behavior of Low-Nickel AISI 202 and Conventional AISI 304 Stainless Steels in Citric Acid Using Electrochemical Techniques

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.835.131 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 835 ◽

pp. 131-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francis Mulimbayan ◽

Manolo G. Mena

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Electrochemical Techniques ◽

Corrosion Current ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Corrosion Mechanism ◽

Protective Film ◽

Aisi 304

Stainless steel (SS) is one of the most commonly used metallic food contact materials. It may be classified based on its microstructure whether ferritic, austenitic, martensitic, duplex or precipitation hardened. Austenitic SS, among mentioned grades, has the largest contribution to market due to its numerous industrial and domestic applications. In this study, the corrosion behavior of AISI 202 SS – a cheaper grade of stainless steel, in three different solution temperatures of citric acid was investigated using different electrochemical techniques such as open-circuit potential (OCP) measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results were compared to that obtained from conventional AISI 304 SS. OCP, polarization and impedance measurements agreed that AISI 202 SS has comparable resistance to that of AISI 304 SS in citric acid at ambient temperature and at 50 °C. At 70 °C, results of OCP measurements suggest that AISI 304 SS exhibited greater performance as indicated by more positive OCP values in the designated solution. EIS results indicate that the two alloys have identical corrosion resistance even at 70 °C as indicated by their comparable polarization resistance (Rp). The corrosion mechanism in both alloys is charge-transfer controlled as indicated by depressed semi-circular appearance of the generated Nyquist plots. The values of corrosion current densities (icorr) extracted from polarization curves indicate that the initial corrosion rates were higher in AISI 304 than AISI 202 SS suggesting that formation of more protective film may have occurred on the former alloy.

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Role of Mn addition on the general corrosion and pitting corrosion behavior of 13Cr stainless steel

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials ◽

10.1108/acmm-10-2021-2555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Jun He ◽

Lin Chen ◽

Yanjing Su

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Alkaline Solutions ◽

General Corrosion ◽

Content Type ◽

X Ray ◽

Product Film

Purpose The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of Mn addition on the corrosion behavior of stainless steel. Design/methodology/approach Chronoamperometry, quasi-steady-state polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate the corrosion behavior of Mn added A13Cr-HS sample and original S13Cr samples. In addition, the corrosion product film was characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Findings The A13Cr-HS sample with 8 wt.% Mn addition maintained good general corrosion resistance in both acidic and alkaline solutions compared to the original S13Cr sample. Additionally, the A13Cr-HS sample had good pitting resistance in an alkaline solution containing Cl−, but a weaker resistance in an acidic solution. Originality/value The influence of Mn addition on the formation mechanism of the passive film was systematically analyzed.

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Corrosion Resistance of Electroless Ni-Cu-P Ternary Alloy Coatings in Acidic and Neutral Corrosive Mediums

International Journal of Corrosion ◽

10.1155/2010/246908 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mbouillé Cissé ◽

Mohamed Abouchane ◽

Tayeb Anik ◽

Karima Himm ◽

Rida Allah Belakhmima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Steel Substrate ◽

Corrosion Mechanism ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Plating Bath ◽

Edx Analysis ◽

Tafel Polarization ◽

Marginal Improvement ◽

Electroless Ni

Electroless Ni-Cu-P alloy coatings were deposited on the ordinary steel substrate in an acidic hypophosphite-type plating bath. These coatings were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an X-ray diffraction. The micrograph shows that coating presents a nodular aspect and is relatively homogeneous and very smooth. The EDX analysis shows that the coating contains 12 wt.% of phosphorus element with a predominance of nickel element. In addition, the anticorrosion properties of the Ni-Cu-P coatings in 1 M HCl, 1 M H2SO4, and 3% NaCl solutions were investigated using Tafel polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and SEM/EDX analysis. The result showed a marginal improvement in corrosion resistance in 3% NaCl solution compared to acidic medium. It also showed that the corrosion mechanism depends on the nature of the solution.

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Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Electrodeposited NiCo, NiZn and NiCu Nanocrystalline Coatings in Alkaline Solution

Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie ◽

10.1515/zpch-2016-0893 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 231 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Nady ◽

M. Negem

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Electrochemical Behavior ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Equivalent Circuit Model ◽

Theoretical Data ◽

Alkaline Solutions ◽

Sulfate Electrolyte ◽

Ultrasound Waves ◽

The Matrix ◽

The Stability

AbstractThe present paper deals with evaluation of corrosion behavior of electrodeposited nanocrystalline (Nc) NiCo, NiZn and NiCu alloys. Nc NiCo, NiZn and NiCu coating electrodes were electroplated from sulfate electrolyte on copper foil by the galvanostatic technique and ultrasound waves. The chemical composition, surface morphology and crystalline structure of the different alloys were studied using energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction methods. The electrochemical behavior of the deposited material in 1.0 M KOH solutions was investigated. The electrochemical behavior of the coating electrodes in alkaline solutions was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed that the alloying of nickel with Co causes an increase in the stability of Ni–alloy in alkaline solutions in comparison to Ni–Cu and Ni–Zn alloys. The corrosion resistance values of Ni–Zn coatings were lower compared to those of the other investigated alloy coatings due to preferential dissolution of Zn from the matrix. The experimental impedance data were fitted to theoretical data according to a proposed equivalent circuit model representing the electrode/electrolyte interface.

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Corrosion Behavior of L245N Standard Steel in CO2 Saturated Brine under Flow Condition

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11060880 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 880

Author(s):

Ying Hu ◽

Long Xin ◽

Tingguang Liu ◽

Yonghao Lu

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Rate ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Galvanic Corrosion ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Slow Increase ◽

Corrosion Scale ◽

The One ◽

Standard Steel

The corrosion behavior of oilfield used L245N standard steel was tested in simulated oilfield solution by dynamic high-temperature autoclave. The corrosion products were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) respectively. In addition, the corrosion rates and surface morphological characteristics of the steels after different exposure times were studied. The results showed that the corrosion rate decreased sharply and then increased with time in the high salinity flow solution, which was related to the formation of corrosion scale and the remaining cementite within it. At the beginning of the exposure time, the formed corrosion scale became thicker, resulting in a significant decrease of the corrosion rate. While with increasing time, on the one hand, the increased remaining cementite within corrosion scale facilitated the corrosion by the galvanic corrosion between the remaining cementite and the ferrite within the metal. On the other hand, the protective effect of corrosion scale formed on the remaining cementite skeleton declined due to the formation of large amounts of FexCa1−xCO3, which also promoted the corrosion rate of the steels, both these ways contributed to a slow increase of corrosion rate.

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Surface Treatment of Zn-Mn-Mg Alloys by Micro-Arc Oxidation in Silicate-Based Solutions with Different NaF Concentrations

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14154289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4289

Author(s):

Shineng Sun ◽

Guo Ye ◽

Ziting Lu ◽

Yuming Weng ◽

Guofeng Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Mg Alloys ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Submicron Scale ◽

Micro Arc Oxidation ◽

Hank’S Solution ◽

Zn Alloys

Newly developed Zn-Mn-Mg alloys can be invoked as biomedical materials because of their excellent mechanical properties. However, the corrosion behavior of Zn-Mn-Mg alloys was still lacking in research. It had grown to be a hot research topic to improve the corrosion behavior of Zn alloys by surface treatment to meet the application of degradable Zn alloys in biomedical applications. Micro arc oxidation (MAO) is a simple and effective method to improve the corrosion behavior of the alloy. MAO coatings were successfully prepared on the surface of Zn-Mn-Mg alloys by MAO in silicate-based solutions with different NaF concentrations. The microstructure and phase composition of MAO coatings prepared on Zn-Mn-Mg alloys with different NaF concentrations in the electrolyte was examined by a scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the MAO coatings are porous and mainly composed of ZnO. With the increasing NaF concentration in the electrolyte, the average thickness increases. The distribution of the micro/nanopores was uniform, and the pore size ranged from the submicron scale to several micrometers after MAO treatment in the electrolyte containing different concentrations of NaF. Potential dynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to assess the corrosion behavior of MAO coatings in Hank’s solution. The highest corrosion rate can be achieved after MAO treatment, with an electrolyte concentration of 1.5 g/L NaF in Hank’s solution. These results indicated that MAO coating can accelerate the corrosion resistance of a Zn-Mn-Mg alloy.

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