scholarly journals Utilisation of Carp Skin Post-Production Waste in Binary Films Based on Furcellaran and Chitosan to Obtain Packaging Materials for Storing Blueberries

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7848
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janik ◽  
Ewelina Jamróz ◽  
Joanna Tkaczewska ◽  
Lesław Juszczak ◽  
Piotr Kulawik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Food Protection ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Gelatin Hydrolysate ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Biopolymer Film

The aim of the study was to develop and characterise an innovative three-component biopolymer film based on chitosan (CHIT), furcellaran (FUR) and a gelatin hydrolysate from carp skins (Cyprinus carpio) (HGEL). The structure and morphology were characterised using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The FT-IR test showed no changes in the matrix after the addition of HGEL, which indicates that the film components were compatible. Based on the obtained AFM results, it was found that the addition of HGEL caused the formation of grooves and cracks on the surface of the film (reduction by ~21%). The addition of HGEL improved the antioxidant activity of the film (improvement by up to 2.318% and 444% of DPPH and FRAP power, respectively). Due to their properties, the tested films were used as active materials in the preservation of American blueberries. In the active films, the blueberries lost mass quickly compared to the synthetic film and were characterised by higher phenol content. The results obtained in this study create the opportunity to use the designed CHIT–FUR films in developing biodegradable packaging materials for food protection, but it is necessary to test their effectiveness on other food products.

scholarly journals Effect of Gelation Temperature on the Molecular Structure and Physicochemical Properties of the Curdlan Matrix: Spectroscopic and Microscopic Analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6154
Author(s):  
Barbara Gieroba ◽  
Anna Sroka-Bartnicka ◽  
Paulina Kazimierczak ◽  
Grzegorz Kalisz ◽  
Izabela S. Pieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Surface Sensitivity ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

In order to determine the effect of different gelation temperatures (80 °C and 90 °C) on the structural arrangements in 1,3-β-d-glucan (curdlan) matrices, spectroscopic and microscopic approaches were chosen. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy are well-established techniques that enable the identification of functional groups in organic molecules based on their vibration modes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a quantitative analytical method utilized in the surface study, which provided information about the elemental and chemical composition with high surface sensitivity. Contact angle goniometer was applied to evaluate surface wettability and surface free energy of the matrices. In turn, the surface topography characterization was obtained with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Described techniques may facilitate the optimization, modification, and design of manufacturing processes (such as the temperature of gelation in the case of the studied 1,3-β-d-glucan) of the organic polysaccharide matrices so as to obtain biomaterials with desired characteristics and wide range of biomedical applications, e.g., entrapment of drugs or production of biomaterials for tissue regeneration. This study shows that the 1,3-β-d-glucan polymer sample gelled at 80 °C has a distinctly different structure than the matrix gelled at 90 °C.

scholarly journals An Insight into Amorphous Shear Band in Magnetorheological Solid by Atomic Force Microscope

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4384
Author(s):  
Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari ◽  
Asmawan Mohd Sarman ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Ubaidillah U ◽  
Nur Azmah Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Shear Band ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Relaxation Stress ◽  
Band Deformation

Micro mechanism consideration is critical for gaining a thorough understanding of amorphous shear band behavior in magnetorheological (MR) solids, particularly those with viscoelastic matrices. Heretofore, the characteristics of shear bands in terms of formation, physical evolution, and response to stress distribution at the localized region have gone largely unnoticed and unexplored. Notwithstanding these limitations, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to explore the nature of shear band deformation in MR materials during stress relaxation. Stress relaxation at a constant low strain of 0.01% and an oscillatory shear of defined test duration played a major role in the creation of the shear band. In this analysis, the localized area of the study defined shear bands as varying in size and dominantly deformed in the matrix with no evidence of inhibition by embedded carbonyl iron particles (CIPs). The association between the shear band and the adjacent zone was further studied using in-phase imaging of AFM tapping mode and demonstrated the presence of localized affected zone around the shear band. Taken together, the results provide important insights into the proposed shear band deformation zone (SBDZ). This study sheds a contemporary light on the contentious issue of amorphous shear band deformation behavior and makes several contributions to the current literature.

scholarly journals Preparation, Thermal, and Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of Polymeric Blends Based on Di(meth)acrylate Monomers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Krystyna Wnuczek ◽  
Andrzej Puszka ◽  
Łukasz Klapiszewski ◽  
Beata Podkościelna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Polymeric Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acrylate Monomers ◽  
Synthesized Materials

This study presents the preparation and the thermo-mechanical characteristics of polymeric blends based on di(meth)acrylates monomers. Bisphenol A glycerolate diacrylate (BPA.GDA) or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were used as crosslinking monomers. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was used as an active solvent in both copolymerization approaches. Commercial polycarbonate (PC) was used as a modifying soluble additive. The preparation of blends and method of polymerization by using UV initiator (Irqacure® 651) was proposed. Two parallel sets of MMA-based materials were obtained. The first included more harmless linear hydrocarbons (EGDMA + MMA), whereas the second included the usually used aromatic copolymers (BPA.GDA + MMA). The influence of different amounts of PC on the physicochemical properties was discussed in detail. Chemical structures of the copolymers were confirmed by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR/FT-IR) spectroscopy. Thermo-mechanical properties of the synthesized materials were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) analyses, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The hardness of the obtained materials was also tested. In order to evaluate the surface of the materials, their images were obtained with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM).

scholarly journals Topological, chemical and electro-optical characteristics of riboflavin-doped artificial and natural DNA thin films

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 171179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bramaramba Gnapareddy ◽  
Sreekantha Reddy Dugasani ◽  
Junyoung Son ◽  
Sung Ha Park
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photonic Devices ◽  
Uv Absorption ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Functionalized Nanomaterials ◽  
Amorphous Structures ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Immense Potential

DNA is considered as a useful building bio-material, and it serves as an efficient template to align functionalized nanomaterials. Riboflavin (RF)-doped synthetic double-crossover DNA (DX-DNA) lattices and natural salmon DNA (SDNA) thin films were constructed using substrate-assisted growth and drop-casting methods, respectively, and their topological, chemical and electro-optical characteristics were evaluated. The critical doping concentrations of RF ([RF] C , approx. 5 mM) at given concentrations of DX-DNA and SDNA were obtained by observing the phase transition (from crystalline to amorphous structures) of DX-DNA and precipitation of SDNA in solution above [RF] C . [RF] C are verified by analysing the atomic force microscopy images for DX-DNA and current, absorbance and photoluminescence (PL) for SDNA. We study the physical characteristics of RF-embedded SDNA thin films, using the Fourier transform infrared spectrum to understand the interaction between the RF and DNA molecules, current to evaluate the conductance, absorption to understand the RF binding to the DNA and PL to analyse the energy transfer between the RF and DNA. The current and UV absorption band of SDNA thin films decrease up to [RF] C followed by an increase above [RF] C . By contrast, the PL intensity illustrates the reverse trend, as compared to the current and UV absorption behaviour as a function of the varying [RF]. Owing to the intense PL characteristic of RF, the DNA lattices and thin films with RF might offer immense potential to develop efficient bio-sensors and useful bio-photonic devices.

Effect of Catalysts on the Properties of Fluorinated Polyurethanes

2013 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Li ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Wei Chain ◽  
Jiao Jiao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Hard Segment ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Tin Metal ◽  
Polyether Polyol ◽  
Catalyst Efficiency

Fluorinated polyurethanes (FPU) was prepared using fluorinated polyether polyol (FPO) as the soft segment, 4,4`-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) as the hard segment, 1,4-butanodiol (BDO) as the chain extender and catalysts. Tin metal catalysts were used to catalyze the polyurethane reaction of polyether polyols and isocyanate. The effect of different catalysts including stannous octoate (T-9) and dibutyltindalautrate (DBTDL) on the structure, surface properties and thermal properties of FPU was studied. The structural elucidation of the synthesized FPU was performed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and discovered that with decreasing catalyst efficiency or without catalyst, the strength of hydrogen bounds were enhanced. The FPU films surface was characterized by contact angle (CA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and it was found that the phase separation was increasing with increasing catalyst efficiency. The thermal property was exhibited by Thermo gravimetric (TG) and showed that joining catalyst improved stability significantly.

scholarly journals Optical, Structural and Electrical Properties of Electrochemical Synthesis of Thin Film of Polyaniline

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

Polyaniline membranes of aniline were produced using an electrochemical method in a cell consisting of two poles. The effect of the vaccination was observed on the color of membranes of polyaniline, where analysis as of blue to olive green paints. The sanction of PANI was done by FT-IR and Raman techniques. The crystallinity of the models was studied by X-ray diffraction technique. The different electronic transitions of the PANI were determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of the manufactured samples was measured by using the four-probe technique at room temperature. Morphological studies have been determined by Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The structural studies have been measured by (SEM).

GROWTH AND STUDIES OF PROPERTIES OF COPPER SUCCINATE DIHYDRATE SINGLE CRYSTALS

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1350073
Author(s):  
M. P. BINITHA ◽  
P. P. PRADYUMNAN
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Triclinic Structure ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Single crystals of copper succinate dihydrate (CSD) with triclinic structure were grown in silica gel medium. The functional groups in the crystal were analyzed by FT-IR Spectroscopy. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) revealed the striations on the surface of grown crystals, which were incorporated during its time of growth. Thermal degradation studies have been carried out by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Dielectric constant and AC conductivity have been estimated as a function of frequency at different temperatures.

scholarly journals Surface Properties of Alginate/Chitosan Biofilm for Wound Healing Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 602-607
Author(s):  
Maizlinda Izwana Idris ◽  
Mohammed Firdaus Adzhari ◽  
Siti Natrah Abdul Bakil ◽  
Tee Chuan Lee ◽  
Mohamad Ali Selimin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Biopolymer Film

This work focuses on the fabrication of film based on natural biopolymers for wound healing application. Alginate and chitosan were choosen because of their oustanding properties such as biocompatible, hydrophilic and non-toxic. Earlier, the biopolymer film was fabricated by using alginate 1% wt and chitosan 1% wt. solutions at volume ratios of 99:1 and 97:3. Next, the biopolymer film solution was cross-linked with 1M CaCl2.2H2O for two hours and later dried for 24 hours at room temperature. Then, the surface properties of the prepared biopolymer films were characterised via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurement. It was observed that the surface of the biopolymer film became rougher as the volume of the chitosan increases. This condition was confirmed with average surface roughness, RA for biopolymer film with ratio of 97:3 resulted in higher values. Also it was found that the surface of biopolymer films were hydrophilic after the contact angle was less than 90°. This can be concluded that the biopolymer based on alginate/chitosan is a promising candidate for wound healing materials particularly with good surface properties for faster healing process at the wound areas.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of PLA-Micro-structured Hydroxyapatite Composite Films

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Madalina Pandele ◽  
Andreea Constantinescu ◽  
Ionut Cristian Radu ◽  
Florin Miculescu ◽  
Stefan Ioan Voicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Films ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

This article presents a facile synthesis method used to obtain new composite films based on polylactic acid and micro-structured hydroxyapatite particles. The composite films were synthesized starting from a polymeric solution in chloroform (12 wt.%) in which various concentrations of hydroxyapatite (1, 2, and 4 wt.% related to polymer) were homogenously dispersed using ultrasonication followed by solvent evaporation. The synthesized composite films were morphologically (through SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and structurally (through FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy) characterized. The thermal behavior of the composite films was also determined. The SEM and AFM analyses showed the presence of micro-structured hydroxyapatite particles in the film’s structure, as well as changes in the surface morphology. There was a significant decrease in the crystallinity of the composite films compared to the pure polymer, this being explained by a decrease in the arrangement of the polymer chains and a concurrent increase in the degree of their clutter. The presence of hydroxyapatite crystals did not have a significant influence on the degradation temperature of the composite film.

scholarly journals Cellulose-Cyclodextrin Co-Polymer for the Removal of Cyanotoxins on Water Sources

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2075
Author(s):  
Diego Gomez-Maldonado ◽  
Iris Beatriz Vega Erramuspe ◽  
Ilari Filpponen ◽  
Leena-Sisko Johansson ◽  
Salvatore Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Recreational Use

With increasing global water temperatures and nutrient runoff in recent decades, the blooming season of algae lasts longer, resulting in toxin concentrations that exceed safe limits for human consumption and for recreational use. From the different toxins, microcystin-LR has been reported as the main cyanotoxin related to liver cancer, and consequently its abundance in water is constantly monitored. In this work, we report a methodology for decorating cellulose nanofibrils with β-cyclodextrin or with poly(β-cyclodextrin) which were tested for the recovery of microcystin from synthetic water. The adsorption was followed by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), allowing for real-time monitoring of the adsorption behavior. A maximum recovery of 196 mg/g was obtained with the modified by cyclodextrin. Characterization of the modified substrate was confirmed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

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