scholarly journals Preventive Effects of Different Aerobic Exercise Intensities on the Decline of Cognitive Function in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Growing Mice

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Yong Bae
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intensity Training

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of different exercise intensities in preventing the decline of cognitive function and lipolysis associated with a high-fat diet-induced obesity in growing mice. Material and Methods: Forty male C57BL/6 mice, aged 4 weeks, were divided into the normal diet (CO, n = 10) and high-fat diet (HF, n = 30) groups to induce obesity for 8 weeks. Subsequently, the HF group was subdivided equally into the HF, HF + low-intensity training (HFLT), and HF + high-intensity training (HFHT) groups, and mice were subjected to treadmill training for 8 weeks. Results: Following the 8-week training intervention, body weight and fat mass were significantly lower in the training groups than in the HF group (p < 0.05). Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and monoglyceride lipase levels were significantly higher in the training groups than in the HF group (p < 0.05), and the ATGL and HSL levels were significantly higher in the HFHT group than in the HFLT group (p < 0.05). The Y-maze test showed that the training groups had a higher number of total entries and percent alternation than the HF group (p < 0.05). Hippocampal nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3 levels were significantly higher in the training group than in the HF group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference according to the exercise intensity among the groups. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that low-intensity exercise is as effective as a high-intensity exercise in preventing the decline of cognitive function and lipolysis, and far more effective in terms of an expected efficiency of workload and prevention of side effects.

Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects on Kidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Rizka Veni ◽  
Awal Prasetyo ◽  
Muflihatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidney histopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fume exposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysis was processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degree of kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and C groups (p < 0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p < 0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed a significant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p < 0.05). The combination of particular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathological change and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.

Effects of Zinc Alpha2 Glycoprotein on Lipid Metabolism of Liver in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Fan ◽  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Shixing Gao ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Ruqian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Recombinant Plasmid ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Protein Levels

AbstractZinc alpha2 glycoprotein (ZAG) is a new type of adipokine involved in adipose tissue mobilization, however, little is known about its lipid metabolism effect in liver. Therefore, we investigated the effects of ZAG in the regulation of hepatic lipid accumulation. Mice were randomly divided into two groups; one was fed a normal diet and another was fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks to establish obesity model. After that, the normal diet group was divided into ND (injection of pcDNA3.1) and NDZ (injection of ZAG recombinant plasmid) and the high-fat diet group was divided into HF (injection of pcDNA3.1) and HFZ (injection of ZAG recombinant plasmid). The mice were weighed once per week and injected with plasmid once every three days for eight times. The results showed that body weight and hepatic TG content were decreased dramatically in HFZ group compared with HF group. The stearoyl-CoAdesaturase1 (SCD1) and Acyl-CoA Synthetase-1 (ACSS1) protein levels in HFZ group were significantly decreased. Furthermore, phosphorylated hormone sensitive lipase (P-HSL) was significantly higher in HFZ group. In HFZ group, hepatic fatty acid translocase (CD36) and fatty acids binding protein-1 (FABP1) protein levels were reduced. In addition, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase A (PPKA) in HFZ group was higher than the HF group. Meanwhile, NDZ group showed significantly decreased body weight and increased P-HSL level though the hepatic TG content showed no significantly changes compared with the ND group. Therefore, we conclude that ZAG may be beneficial for preventing high-fat-diet-induced hepatic lipid metabolic disorders.

How high-fat diet and high-intensity interval training affect lipid metabolism in the liver and visceral adipose tissue of rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ebrahimi ◽  
R. Fathi ◽  
Z. Ansari Pirsaraei ◽  
E. Talebi Garakani ◽  
M. Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Lipogenic and lipolytic pathways are tightly regulated by nuclear receptors and binding proteins, such as farnesoid x receptor (FXR) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c). We designed this research to study the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and high-fat diet (HFD) on hepatic and adipose FXR and SREBP-1c gene expression beside the plasma levels of lipid profile and insulin. 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal (~12% fat) and HFD (~56% fat) groups with or without participating in the 8 weeks HIIT protocol. Results from two-way ANOVA and Pearson tests (P<0.05) showed that the HFD rats experienced a larger weight gain correlated with dyslipidemia and hyperinsulinemia, higher hepatic and adipose SREBP-1c expression and lower hepatic FXR expression compared with normal diet fed rats. Although HIIT rats showed higher hepatic FXR and lower hepatic and adipose SREBP-1c expression and lower weight gain compared with untrained rats, plasma lipid profile levels had not any significant difference between trained and untrained rats. Interestingly, hepatic FXR expression was negatively correlated with weight gain and SREBP-1c expression in both tissues while only the hepatic SREBP-1c was positively correlated to insulin levels. In conclusion, HFD-induced dyslipidemia could occur via the activation of the hepatic SREBP-1c pathway under the insulin effect. Although HIIT rats showed lower SREBP-1c correlated to hepatic FXR activation it seems diet is more effective on lipid profile than HIIT. Also, in presence of HFD, HIIT only affects adipose lipolysis.

scholarly journals Beta-Glucan-Rich Extract fromPleurotus sajor-caju(Fr.) Singer Prevents Obesity and Oxidative Stress in C57BL/6J Mice Fed on a High-Fat Diet

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kanagasabapathy ◽  
S. N. A. Malek ◽  
A. A. Mahmood ◽  
K. H. Chua ◽  
S. Vikineswary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

Mushrooms have been used in folk medicine for thousands of years. In this study, the effect ofβ-glucan-rich extract ofP. sajor-caju(GE) on lipid lowering and antioxidant potential was assessed in C57BL/6J mice fed on a high-fat diet. Obesity was induced in C57BL/6J mice by feeding a high-fat diet. The control groups in this study were ND (for normal diet) and HFD (for high-fat diet). The treated groups were ND240 (for normal diet) (240 mg/kg b.w) and HFD60, HFD120, and HFD240 (for high-fat diet), where the mice were administrated with three dosages of GE (60, 120, and 240 mg GE/kg b.w). Metformin (2 mg/kg b.w) served as positive control. GE-treated groups showed significantly reduced body weight, serum lipid, and liver enzymes levels. GE also attenuated protein carbonyl and lipid hydroperoxide levels by increasing the enzymic antioxidants (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activities in the mice. GE-treated groups induced the expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) while downregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), sterol regulatory binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Hence, GE prevented weight gain in the mice by inducing lipolysis and may be valuable in the formulation of adjuvant therapy for obesity.

scholarly journals Broccoli Florets Supplementation Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Alters Gut Microbiome Population—A Steatosis Mice Model Induced by High-Fat Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil Zandani ◽  
Sarit Anavi-Cohen ◽  
Nina Tsybina-Shimshilashvili ◽  
Noa Sela ◽  
Abraham Nyska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Significant Difference

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and gut dysbiosis. Gut microbiota profoundly affects the host energy homeostasis, which, in turn, is affected by a high-fat diet (HFD) through the liver-gut axis, among others. Broccoli contains beneficial bioactive compounds and may protect against several diseases. This study aimed to determine the effects of broccoli supplementation to an HFD on metabolic parameters and gut microbiome in mice. Male (7–8 weeks old) C57BL/J6 mice were divided into four groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet+10% broccoli florets (HFD + F), and high-fat diet + 10% broccoli stalks (HFD + S). Liver histology and serum biochemical factors were evaluated. Alterations in protein and gene expression of the key players in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism as well as in gut microbiota alterations were also investigated. Broccoli florets addition to the HFD significantly reduced serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR index, and upregulated adiponectin receptor expression. Conversely, no significant difference was found in the group supplemented with broccoli stalks. Both broccoli stalks and florets did not affect fat accumulation, carbohydrate, or lipid metabolism-related parameters. Modifications in diversity and in microbial structure of proteobacteria strains, Akermansia muciniphila and Mucispirillum schaedleri were observed in the broccoli-supplemented HFD-fed mice. The present study suggests that dietary broccoli alters parameters related to insulin sensitivity and modulates the intestinal environment. More studies are needed to confirm the results of this study and to investigate the mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects.

scholarly journals Pre and postnatal assessment of gross parameters after utilization of high fat diet in rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 504-508
Author(s):  
Shahid Maqbool Korai ◽  
Hina Khan ◽  
Shahid Hussain Soomro ◽  
Muhammad Rafique ◽  
Raja Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Randomized Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To assess the gross parameters of maternal weight and abdominal circumference upon utilization of high fat diet. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital. Period: October 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: After taken an ethical approval total 16 female albino rats were selected and divided into two groups through randomized sampling and 2 male rats were introduced in each group for the purpose of mating, group A given a normal diet (control) and group B given a composition of high fat diet throughout the gestational period. The weights of the pregnant rats and the abdominal circumference were measured on day 1st and 21st of gestation. The data were analyzed through SPSS version 21.0, in the form of Mean ± standard deviation, and for the evaluation of level of significance independent “t” test was applied and considered value of significant was P=<0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in the weight or abdominal circumference of maternal rats in both groups. Conclusion: High fat diet having no significant effects on maternal weight and abdominal circumference as compared to normal diet. We need to assess other histomorphological parameters to assess the relative effects.

scholarly journals Role or Synergistic Interaction of Adenosine and Vitamin D3 Alongside High-Intensity Interval Training and Isocaloric Moderate Intensity Training on Metabolic Parameters: Protocol for an Experimental Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Javad Mirghani ◽  
Maghsoud Peeri ◽  
Omid Yaghoobpour Yekani ◽  
Masoud Zamani ◽  
Foad Feizolahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

BACKGROUND Obesity is known as one of the major causes of epidemiologic diseases worldwide; therefore, the introduction of treatment strategies by medical professionals, such as the use of various medicines and exercise programs to reduce fat or prevent obesity, is on the rise. Recently, researchers have shown special interest in assessing the effect of lipolytic adenosine and vitamin D deficiency, as well as the effect of exercise, on decreasing body fat percentage. OBJECTIVE This study has been designed to examine the effect of adenosine and vitamin D3 injections, in conjunction with high-intensity interval training and isocaloric moderate-intensity training, on the metabolic parameters of obesity induced by a high-fat diet. METHODS This is an experimental study using 92 Wistar rats. At 6 weeks of age, the rats' weights will be recorded, after which they will have 1 week to adapt to their new environment before being divided into 12 groups. The rats will participate in a 2-stage experimental intervention, including a 13-week fattening diet phase followed by a 12-week exercise training phase consisting of an exercise program and the injection of adenosine and vitamin D3. Groups 1 and 2 will have a normal diet, and the other groups will have a diet of 40% fat, with free access to food and water up to the second half of the second stage of the study (end of the sixth week of training). After termination of the interventions, tissue collection and molecular assessments (blood for biochemical, tissues for gene expression analyses, and anthropometrical indexes) will be performed. RESULTS The project was initiated in April 2017 and completed in December 2017. Data analysis is under way, and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in November 2018. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that weight loss–induced molecular changes and upregulation will be observed in line with an increase in lipolysis and beta oxidation in muscle and fat tissue as a result of performing isocaloric training in drug-receiving rats and groups on a high-fat diet. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR RR1-10.2196/10753

scholarly journals Gene expression level of renalase in the skeletal muscles is increased with high-intensity exercise training in mice on a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyuki Tokinoya ◽  
Seiko Ono ◽  
Kai Aoki ◽  
Koki Yanazawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Shishikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Diet Intake

AbstractIntroductionExercise training is beneficial for reducing obesity. In particular, exercise training can lower the catecholamine concentration in circulation. Renalase, whose expression was first confirmed in the kidneys, is a physiologically active substance that decomposes circulating catecholamines; additionally, it has been reported to be present in the skeletal muscles. The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of renalase in the skeletal muscles and kidneys after high-intensity exercise training in obese mice.Material and methodsThe mice were divided into four groups: normal diet and sedentary, normal diet and exercise training, high-fat diet and sedentary, and high-fat diet and exercise training, and the test was performed for 8 weeks.ResultsBody weight and skeletal muscle wet weight were reduced by high-fat diet intake but were rescued by training. Skeletal muscle renalase gene expression was significantly increased by exercise training. However, in the kidneys the gene expression of renalase was significantly increased by high-fat diet intake and exercise training. No significant changes were observed in the gene expression of catecholamine-degrading enzymes, catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase A and B.ConclusionWe demonstrated that exercise training increased the gene expression of renalase in the skeletal muscles and kidneys, thus lowering circulating catecholamine levels. This may lead to amelioration of obesity as catecholamines are lipolytic.

scholarly journals Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of Eurycoma Longifolia (Tongkat Ali) in Rats Fed on High-fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhria Al-Joufi ◽  
Anil K. Saxena ◽  
Imad M. Al-Ani ◽  
Norlelawati A. Talib ◽  
Rafidah H. Mokhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Significant Difference

Atherosclerosis in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a growing health problem, especially in developing countries. Hyperlipidemia is known as a dominant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Eurycoma Longifolia (EL) also known as Malaysian Ginseng/ Tongkat Ali on the testosterone level, biochemical changes of lipid profile and intima media thickness (IMT) in rats fed on high-fat diet. Twenty young, adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were housed for 12 weeks. After one week of acclimatization, they were randomly divided into four groups of 5 animals each and treated for 12 weeks as follow: Group ND was given only normal diet, group NDEL was given normal diet and EL extracts (15mg/kg) dissolved in distilled water, group HFD was given only high fat diet and group HFDEL was given high fat diet and EL extracts (15mg/kg). Rats which were treated with EL (NDEL and HFDEL) showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the testosterone levels. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in triglyceride (TG) in HFDEL group compered to HFD group. The histological sections of aortas revealed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in IMT in HFDEL as compared with HFD group. No histological changes were observed in NDEL group compared with ND group and there was no significant difference in IMT values between NDEL and ND. These findings suggest that EL is a promising protective agent against atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet.

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