Protective Effects of Quercetin on Oxidative Stress-Induced Tubular Epithelial Damage in the Experimental Rat Hyperoxaluria Model

Background and Objectives: The most common kidney stones are calcium stones and calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are the most common type of calcium stones. Hyperoxaluria is an essential risk factor for the formation of these stones. Quercetin is a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and many other physiological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of quercetin in hyperoxaluria-induced nephrolithiasis. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250–300 g (n = 24) were randomized into three groups: Control (n = 8), ethylene glycol (EG) (n = 8), and EG + quercetin (n = 8). One percent EG-water solution was given to all rats except for the control group as drinking water for five weeks. Quercetin-water solution was given to the EG + quercetin group by oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), urea, calcium, and oxalate levels were analyzed in blood and urine samples. Histopathological assessments and immunohistochemical analyses for oxidative stress and inflammation indicators p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) were performed on renal tissues. Results: The MDA levels were significantly lower in the quercetin-treated group than in the EG-treated group (p = 0.001). Although CAT levels were higher in the quercetin-treated group than the EG-administered group, they were not significantly different between these groups. The expression of p38 MAPK was significantly less in the quercetin-treated group than the EG group (p < 0.004). There was no statistically significant difference between the quercetin and EG groups in terms of NF-kB expression. Conclusions: We conclude that hyperoxaluria activated the signaling pathways, which facilitate the oxidative processes leading to oxalate stone formation in the kidneys. Our findings indicated that quercetin reduced damage due to hyperoxaluria. These results imply that quercetin can be considered a therapeutic agent for decreasing oxalate stone formation, especially in patients with recurrent stones due to hyperoxaluria.

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The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26051332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1332

Author(s):

Gilda M. Iova ◽

Horia Calniceanu ◽

Adelina Popa ◽

Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽

Olivia Marcu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Gingival Tissue ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

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Investigation of hallmarks of carbonyl stress and formation of end products in feline chronic kidney disease as markers of uraemic toxins

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1098612x18783858 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 465-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emanuela Valle ◽

Liviana Prola ◽

Diana Vergnano ◽

Roberta Borghi ◽

Fiammetta Monacelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Advanced Oxidation ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽

Significant Difference ◽

End Products

Objectives Cats are commonly affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Many reactive carbonyl intermediates and end products originating from the oxidative stress pathways are recognised as uraemic toxins and may play a role in CKD progression. The aim of the present study is to confirm whether carbonyl end-product formation is higher in cats affected by CKD and to assess whether an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) might affect these hallmarks. Methods Twenty-two cats were divided into three groups: a control group (CG), cats with CKD and cats with CKD treated with an ACEi. Serum levels of pentosidine, carboxymethyllysine, advanced oxidation protein products, malondialdehyde, methylglyoxal and hexanoyl-lysine were measured. In addition, biochemical parameters and systolic blood pressure were evaluated. After checking for normality, comparisons between groups were performed followed by multiple comparison tests. P values ⩽0.05 were considered significant. Correlations between concentrations of the considered biomarkers and of the other metabolic parameters were investigated. Results Advanced oxidation protein products, malondialdehyde and hexanoyl-lysine concentrations were significantly higher in CKD and ACEi-treated groups compared with the CG ( P <0.05). Carboxymethyllysine increased in the ACEi-treated group when compared with the CG, whereas intermediate values of these biomarkers were found in the CKD group ( P <0.05). The ACEi-treated group showed the highest values of carboxymethyllysine, advanced oxidation protein products and hexanoyl-lysine. By contrast, the CKD group had the highest concentration of malondialdehyde. No statistically significant difference was found in the levels of pentosidine or methylglyoxal. End products correlated with creatinine and urea and with each other. Conclusions and relevance Significantly high concentrations of both intermediate and end products of carbonyl/oxidative stress were detected in CKD cats. This is the first study to have concurrently taken into account several uraemic toxins and biochemical parameters in cats affected by CKD.

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Effect of ethanol extract of Telfairia occidentalis leaf on some biochemical parameters of 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine induced oxidative stress in albino rats

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry ◽

10.2478/auoc-2020-0019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 106-109

Author(s):

Oyedele Elliot Seyifunmi ◽

Ayorinde Ajayi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Weight ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Telfairia Occidentalis ◽

Damage Condition

AbstractIn this study, we attempt to verify the claim that the leaf-extract of Telfairia occidentalis can remedy oxidative damage condition as well as assess its phytochemical content. Fifteen male albino rats weighing 180 g to 240 g were randomly divided into three groups of five rats each. Group A was designated the control group while group B and C were both induced with 40 mg/kg body weight 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine. Group C was subsequently treated with 200 mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract of T. occidentalis leaf for 21 days. At the end of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed, and serum of the samples were subjected to relevant tests. Result shows that the plant leaf contained saponin, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and phenols whereas, terpenes, steroids and anthraquinones were not detected. The serum enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly elevated from 17.43 u/L and 28.40 u/L to 21.60 u/L and 34.27 u/L respectively. These were significantly lowered in the group C to 18.37 u/L and 29.23 u/L respectively for ALT and ALP. Also, a significant lowering of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in the treated group (54.33 u/mg) from 79.40 u/mg recorded in the intoxicated group. Similarly, a significant decrease in malondialdehyde was observed in the treated group (25.80 u/mg) relative to the intoxicated group (35.87 u/mg). Moreover, catalase activity in the treated group (7.43 u/mg) was significantly lower compared with the intoxicated group. Our observation confirmed that ethanolic leaf extract of T. occidentalis reversed the oxidative damage condition in albino rats. The result confirms the ethnomedicinal use of the plant in the management of oxidative stress related diseases.

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Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidants effects of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis in Wister Albino Rats

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jocamr/2021/v14i330248 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

Jude Nwaogu ◽

Babangida Abubakar ◽

Mustapha Sahabi Aliyu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stem Bark Extract

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of Eucalyptus camaldulensis methanol stem bark extract (ECMSBE) on Wister albino rats. Methodology: The phytochemical screening of ECMSBE was conducted using standard methods. A total of 36 albino rats were used for the antioxidant studies. The rats were divided into six (6) groups of six rats. Control group received distilled water orally at 2ml/kg. Oxidative stress was induced in groups 2 to group 6 CCl4 (1ml/kg, s.c) at every 72hrs for 10 days. Group 2 was untreated while groups 3 – 6 received doses of 50, 100, 150 and 200mg/kg of ECMSBE respectively. On the 11th day, the rats were sacrificed and the liver was removed and homogenised and oxidative stress parameters were determined. Results: Phytochemical analysis of ECMSBE revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids and resins. There was no significant difference (P<.05) between the CCl4 induced group and the group treated with ECMSBE (50mg/kg). However, their concentrations were significantly different from the group treated with ECMSBE (100mg/kg – 200mg/kg) when compared to the group treated with CCl4 Only. The CCl4-induced group had its vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E concentrations significant different (P<.05) from the groups treated with ECMSBE (100, 150 and 200mg/kg body weight). There was no significant difference (P>.05) in the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx between the group induced with CCl4 only and the group treated with ECMSBE (50mg/kg), however, it these concentrations were significantly higher (P<.05). The enzymatic antioxidants concentration in the normal control group was not significantly different (P>.05) when compared the group that was treated with ECMSBE (200mg/kg) Conclusion: The result suggest that the extract of E. camaldulensis possessed antioxidant properties which can be used as effective protecting agents against oxidative stress and other diseases.

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Long-term scopolamine treatment altered locomotor, exploratory and anxiety-like behaviours of albino rats

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43088-021-00187-8 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Asmaa K. Abdelghany ◽

Akram M. El-Kashlan ◽

Hosny H. Emeash ◽

Fatma Khalil

Keyword(s):

Treated Group ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Serotonin Level ◽

Behavioural Patterns ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Underlying Processes ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Background Animal models are used to provide an adequate investigation of brain-behaviour, physiological and path physiological relationships to give insight into human behaviour and the underlying processes of drugs affecting the nervous system. Scopolamine; SCO (alkaloid l-(2)-scopolamine [l-(2)-hyoscine]) has a competitive inhibitory effect on muscarinic receptors for acetylcholine. Thus, this study was designated to investigate the effect of long-term SCO treatment on locomotor, exploratory and anxiety-like behaviours of rats using open field test. Results The long-term SCO treatment induced a prominent increase in locomotion (hyperactivity) and exploratory behaviour of rats. In addition, anxiety-like behavioural patterns showed a non-significant difference in SCO treated compared to control. Serotonin level was significantly decreased in the scopolamine treated group in comparison with the control group. Conclusions Data suggested that long-term SCO treatment resulted in marked neurobehavioural alterations in a rat as an animal model.

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Resveratrol Reverses Thioacetamide-Induced Renal Assault with respect to Oxidative Stress, Renal Function, DNA Damage, and Cytokine Release in Wistar Rats

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/1702959 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Seema Zargar ◽

Mona Alonazi ◽

Humaira Rizwana ◽

Tanveer A. Wani

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Creatine Kinase ◽

Renal Function ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Cytokine Release ◽

Kidney Toxicity ◽

Significant Difference

Background. Thioacetamide (TAA), a class 2B-type carcinogen, is a potent toxicant. Toxicities caused by this compound in various tissues due to oxidative stress, increase of proinflammatory markers, and apoptosis have been reported; however, reports on kidney toxicity are negligible. Resveratrol (RSV), on the other hand, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in different cases. Resveratrol’s protective effects against TAA kidney toxicity were investigated in four rat groups. Methodology. Four groups of rats were studied as follows (n=8): control group, where rats were fed normal diet and water; TAA group, where rats received 0.3% TAA in water for two weeks; RSV group, where rats received 10 mg/kg body weight (bw) of RSV as oral suspension for two weeks; and treated group, where rats orally received 10 mg/kg bw RSV and simultaneously received 0.3% TAA for two weeks. Kidney homogenates from all groups were analyzed for cytokine release (IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, catalase, and 8-OHdG). The serum of rats was analyzed for the quantification of renal function markers (blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and creatine kinase). Result. A significant increase in the renal function markers (BUN, 240%; creatinine, 187%; and creatine kinase, 117%), oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, 192% increase; catalase, 30.5% decrease), cytokines (IL-4, 120%; TNF-α, 129%; and IFN-γ, 133%), and DNA damage was observed in the TAA-treated group. All changes were significantly reversed in the group treated with RSV and TAA (P<0.05) in combination, with no significant difference compared to the control group. Conclusion. We conclude that resveratrol shows protection against TAA toxicity in rat kidney with respect to DNA damage, oxidative stress, renal function and cytokine release.

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ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF BRAIN OXIDATIVE STRESS IMPROVING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMIN IN INTOXICATED RATS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2021v13i5.40778 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 62-66

Author(s):

FATEN IBRAHIM EL-SAYED

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Weight ◽

Brain Tissue ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Stress Effect ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Group A

Objective: The following study aimed to investigate the efficacy of curcumin at preventing amikacin neurotoxicity Methods: Twenty-four male Wister albino rats were randomly divided into four groups including-G (1): control group includes six rats, they were administered 0.5 ml of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. G (2): includes six rats; they were administered 200 mg/kg curcumin orally for 14 consecutive days. G (3): includes six rats, they were administered 300 mg/kg body weight/day of amikacin intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days G (4): includes six rats, they were administered 200 mg/kg curcumin orally concurrently with 300 mg/kg body weight/day of amikacin. All animals were kept in the same conditions from feed, heat and humidity. Results: According to the result obtained after sacrification of all animals after the end of 14 d, Results revealed that amikacin at the dose rate of 300 mg/kg b. wt for 14 d induces significant changes in oxidative stress markers compared to the control group, a significant reduction in CAT. SOD. GSH (1.51±0.16, 77.00±0.73 and 84.06±4.42) respectively compared to control (3.63±0.11, 98.48±0.18 and 117.05±0.52) along with a significant increase in MDA activity (219.02±3.34) compared to control group (180.42±0.19), That indicate oxidative stress effect of it. On the beneficial side rats received amikacin 300 mg/kg B. wt I/p concurrently with 200 mg/kg b. wt curcumin for successive 14day result in a significant increase in CAT. SOD. GSH (2.23±0.09,92.00±0.26, 102.25±1.71) and decrease in MDA concentration (139.23±3.89) compared to amikacin treated group levels along with histopathological changes appear in brain tissue in the group treated with amikacin include nuclear pyknosis and degeneration in some neurons in the hippocampus, multiple focal eosinophilic plaque formation in the striatum also this results enhanced by activated caspase-3 expression in the brain tissue following amikacin administration. Conclusion: The present study proved that Oral administration of curcumin at the dose of 200 mg/kg for 14 d concurrently with amikacin significantly mitigates its neurotoxic and oxidative stress effects.

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The effect of different doeses of aspirin application on oxidative stress in ovarian tissue

Medical Science and Discovery ◽

10.36472/msd.v8i8.585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 475-479

Author(s):

Deniz Dirik ◽

Ahmet Ufuk Komuroglu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ovarian Tissue ◽

Thiol Group ◽

Special Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 5 ◽

Different Doses

Objective: Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with antioxidative properties. It is recommended to use different doses and durations according to the characteristics of the patient and the type of disease. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of using aspirin at different doses and for different durations on oxidative stress in ovarian tissue. Material and Methods: Female Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. Group 1: control group, no special treatment was applied to the rats in this group. Group 2: 1 mg/kg aspirin was administered orally to the rats in this group every day for 28 days. Group 3: 3 mg/kg aspirin was administered orally to rats in this group every three days. Ggroup 4: 5 mg/kg aspirin was administered orally to rats in this group every five days. Group 5: 7 mg/kg aspirin was administered orally to the rats in this group once a week. After fasting overnight following the last application, the rats were sacrificed, and their ovarian tissues were collected. Malondialdehyde, catalase, total thiol group, and AOPP levels were studied from ovarian tissue. Results: Group4 and group5 ovarian tissue MDA levels were found to be significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between group1, group2 and group3 ovarian tissue MDA levels (p>0.05). Group1 (control group) ovarian tissue AOPP level was found to be significantly lower than all aspirin-administered groups (p<0.05). Group2 ovarian tissue AOPP level was found to be significantly lower than group3, group4 and group5 (p<0.05). TSG level was found to be significantly higher in group 5 when compared to other groups (p0<0.05). Group4 ovarian tissue TSG level was found to be significantly higher when compared to group1, group2 and group3 (p<0.05). Group3 and group4 ovarian tissue CAT activity was found to be significantly higher than group1, group2 and group5 (p<0.05). When group1, group2 and group5 ovarian tissue CAT activities were compared, no significant difference was found (p>0.05). Conclusion: The application of aspirin at certain intervals rather than daily application may have more positive effects on the antioxidant system. especially taking aspirin at intervals of 3 or 5 days may be more effective

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Effect of Crocin on Bax, Bcl-2, and Oxidative Stress Markers in the Testis Tissue of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32598/hms.25.4.340 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 340-351

Author(s):

Ghazal Ataei ◽

◽

Raheleh Rahbarian ◽

Majid Rajabian Noghondar ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Treated Group ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Testis Tissue

Aims Type 1 diabetes is a high-prevalent endocrine disease and causes oxidative stress in the testis tissue. In the treatment of diabetes, the tendency toward herbal medicines use is increasing. This study aimed to investigate the crocin effect on the Bax, Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), and anti-oxidant levels of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods & Materials This experimental study was performed at Payam Noor University. In total, 24 rats were divided into 4 groups, as follows: control, untreated diabetic, and 2 crocin-treated (50, 100 mg/mL, 25 days intraperitoneal injection) diabetic groups. The diabetic groups were diabetic rats receiving the Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of Streptozotocin (STZ). On day 25, the testicles were dissected to evaluate antioxidant enzymes, Bax and Bcl2. The obtained results were analyzed in SPSS using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Findings The pro-apoptotic Bax and malondialdehyde levels in the treated group with a concentration of 100 mg/mL of crocin was significantly reduced, compared to the treated group with a concentration of 50 mg/mL of crocin and the control group. However, the level of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 and glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes in the treated group with a concentration of 100 mg/mL of crocin significantly increased, compared to the treated group with a concentration of 50 mg/mL of crocin, and the control group (P<0.05). Such finding indicates the effect of crocin concentration. Additionally, crosin significantly reduced the glucose level in diabetic rats. Conclusion Crocin improved the antioxidant indicators and diabetes-induced damages in the testis tissue of diabetic rats.

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Weight Loss and Melatonin Reduce Obesity-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Testis

Advances in Urology ◽

10.1155/2013/836121 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dogan Atilgan ◽

Bekir S. Parlaktas ◽

Nihat Uluocak ◽

Fikret Erdemir ◽

Sahin Kilic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Testicular Tissue ◽

Protein Carbonyl ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Significant Difference

Aim. We aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of weight loss and melatonin on the obesity-induced oxidative damage in rat testes.Materials and Methods. 28 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 7 rats: control group (Group 1), obesity group (Group 2), obesity + MLT group (Group 3), and weight loss group (Group 4). Rats were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the study. Bilateral orchiectomy was performed and 5 cc blood samples were obtained from all of the rats. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were analysed in the testicular tissues and serum. Spermatogenesis was evaluated with the Johnsen scoring system.Results. The testicular tissue and serum levels of MDA, PC, and SOD activity were increased in the obesity group in comparison to the sham operated group (P<0.05). Weight loss and melatonin treatment ameliorated MDA, PC, and SOD levels in testicular tissue and serum significantly (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of mean Johnsen score (P=0.727).Conclusion. Experimentally created obesity caused oxidative stress and both melatonin and weight loss reduced oxidative stress parameters in rat testes.

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