Comparative Chemical Compositions of Fresh and Stored Vesuvian PDO “Pomodorino Del Piennolo” Tomato and the Ciliegino Variety

The Vesuvian Piennolo cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) (PdP) is an old and typical variety grown in the Campania region (Italy). PdP is referred to as a long-storage tomato due to its thick and coriaceous skin that allows long post-harvest storage and it has been granted Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status since 2009. In this study, the chemical composition, focusing in particular on organic acids, antioxidant molecules and volatile compounds, were investigated in PdP and compared to another typical variety in Campania, the Ciliegino tomato (CIL). Chemical characterization was evaluated for both the CIL and PdP varieties during storage in the same environmental conditions until deterioration of 50% of the fruits; deterioration occurred in PdP after 6 months and in CIL tomatoes after 1 month. The results demonstrated variation in the chemical profiles of both varieties with storage length. Particularly, the PdP variety appears richer in antioxidants compounds (i.e., chlorogenic acids and lycopene) and organic acids (i.e., glutamic and malic acids) than does CIL. Additionally, both varieties display different profiles of volatile bioactive compounds and they are differently influenced by the storage time. The results indicate a typical chemical composition of this long-storage tomato closely linked to the geographic origin area.

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Propolis from Northern California and Oregon: Chemical Composition, Botanical Origin, and Content of Allergens

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.5560/znc.2013-0114 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (1-2) ◽

pp. 10-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Andrea Aliboni

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Northern California ◽

Botanical Origin ◽

American Continent ◽

North American Continent ◽

The North ◽

Mixed Origin

Propolis is a beehive product that bees manufacture by mixing their own wax with vegetable resins collected from different species of trees and bushes. The chemical composition of propolis is very variable because it depends on the flora locally available, and specimens from different geographical and climatic areas display unique properties. In this paper, the results of the chemical characterization of some propolis specimens collected in northern California and in Oregon are presented. Their chemical compositions show that all specimens contain resins from poplars of the Tacamahaca section (balsam poplars) - characteristic of the western part of the North American continent. Nevertheless, some of the specimens are of mixed origin because they also contain resins from poplars of the Aigeiros section (cottonwoods) - also present in this part of the world. Propolis causes allergies in sensitive human individuals, which are due to the presence of certain esters. The contents of known propolis allergenic esters - phenylethyl caffeate, 1,1-dimethylallyl caffeate, benzyl cinnamate, and benzyl salicylate - have been investigated in these specimens and found to depend on the botanical origin.

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Chemical Composition of Leaf and Seed Oils of Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. (Dipterocarpaceae)

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development ◽

10.29037/ajstd.57 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A.S Kamariyah ◽

T Ozek ◽

B Demirci ◽

K.H.C. Baser

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Seed Oils ◽

First Report ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Three Components

The essential oils of the leaves and seed of Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. obtained by hydrodistillation resulted in 0.07% and 1.89% yield, respectively. These oils were then examined by GC-MS. Eighty-three components (plus an unknown) were identified from the leaf oil, representing 92% of the oil. Oxygenated monocyclic monoterpenes (terpinen-4-ol 15%, α-terpineol 16%), bicyclic monoterpene (α-pinene 7%) and oxygenated bicyclic sesquiterpene (globulol 8%) were the major constituents. In the case of the seed oil, 31 components were identified, representing 100% of the oil, while acyclic monoterpene (myrcene 5%), monocyclic monoterpene (limonene 6%), bicyclic monoterpenes (α-pinene 41%, α-thujene and b-pinene 13% each, sabinene 6%), and bicyclic sesquiterpene (bicyclogermacrene 6%) made up the major components. The remaining constituents of each oil (54% and 10%, respectively) were found to be minor (≤4% each). The chemical compositions of both oils differed quantitatively but showed important qualitative similarities and differences. The results of this study serve as the first report of complete chemical profiles of both oils.

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Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa(Michx.) Elliot) Fruits and Functional Drinks Differ Significantly in Their Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2018/9574587 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Petko Denev ◽

Maria Kratchanova ◽

Ivalina Petrova ◽

Daniela Klisurova ◽

Yordan Georgiev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Shikimic Acid ◽

Raw Material ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Aronia Melanocarpa ◽

Black Chokeberry

Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruits are among the richest sources of polyphenols and anthocyanins in plant kingdom and suitable raw material for production of functional foods. The popularity of chokeberries is not only due to their nutritional value but also to the constantly emerging evidence for their health-promoting effects. The current study presents detailed information about the content and composition of sugars, organic acids, and polyphenols in 23 aronia samples grown under the climatic conditions of Bulgaria, in 2016 and 2017. Sorbitol was found to be the main carbohydrate of fresh aronia fruits. Its content was in the range 6.5–13 g/100 g fresh weight (FW), representing 61%–68% of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates. Organic acids were represented by substantial amounts of quinic acid (average content 404.4 mg/100 g FW), malic acid (328.1 mg/100 g FW), and ascorbic acid (65.2 mg/100 g FW). Shikimic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, and succinic acid were found as minor components. Chokeberries were particularly rich in proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, and hydroxycinnamic acids. The total polyphenol content of aronia fruits varied between 1022 mg/100 g FW and 1795 mg/100 g FW and ORAC antioxidant activity from 109 µmol TE/g to 191 µmol TE/g FW. We also investigated the relationship between the chemical composition of berries and chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of aronia functional drinks—juices and nectars. The differences in the chemical composition of the fruits resulted in functional foods that differ significantly in their chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Additionally, we demonstrated that temperature of juice pressing and nectar extraction has a profound effect on the polyphenol content and composition of these products. This is very important since differences in the chemical composition of raw chokeberries and variation of technological parameters during processing could result in functional foods with different chemical composition, rendering different biological activity.

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MORPHOLOGY AND SOME CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS IN RECEPTACULUM FICI PUMILAE

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2015.4_5.17 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 124-128

Author(s):

Minh Chung Hoang ◽

Thi Tan Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Key Words ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Thin Layers ◽

Chemical Compositions

Objectives: Determine the morphology and chemical composition of Receptaculum Fici Pumilae. Methods: Receptaculum Fici Pumilae is collected at Dai Mo - Tu Liem - Hanoi. Pharmacopoeia standards of Vietnam IV methods. Results: Receptaculum Fici Pumilae is vertical pieces but not equal, slightly bent in the direction of fruits. Conclusion: Receptaculum Fici Pumilae with the main active ingredient is the flavonoid group, coumarin, tannin, sugar free and organic acids. By thin layers of color show Receptaculum Fici Pumilae study traces coincide with traces of Receptaculum Fici Pumilae standards. The extract segments showed traces of acid oleanolic imprints, traces of flavonoids and polyphenols. Key words: Receptaculum Fici Pumilae, morphology, chemical composition.

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New Insights into the Crystal Chemistry of Elpidite, Na2Zr[Si6O15]·3H2O and (Na1+YCax□1−X−Y)Σ=2Zr[Si6O15]·(3−X)H2O, and Ab Initio Modeling of IR Spectra

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14092160 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2160

Author(s):

Alexander Bogdanov ◽

Ekaterina Kaneva ◽

Roman Shendrik

Keyword(s):

Ir Spectra ◽

Structural Models ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Special Group ◽

X Ray ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Radioactive Species

Elpidite belongs to a special group of microporous zirconosilicates, which are of great interest due to their capability to uptake various molecules and ions, e.g., some radioactive species, in their structural voids. The results of a combined electron probe microanalysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of the crystals of elpidite from Burpala (Russia) and Khan-Bogdo (Mongolia) deposits are reported. Some differences in the chemical compositions are observed and substitution at several structural positions within the structure of the compounds are noted. Based on the obtained results, a detailed crystal–chemical characterization of the elpidites under study was carried out. Three different structure models of elpidite were simulated: Na2ZrSi6O15·3H2O (related to the structure of Russian elpidite), partly Ca-replaced Na1.5Ca0.25ZrSi6O15·2.75H2O (close to elpidite from Mongolia), and a hypothetical CaZrSi6O15·2H2O. The vibration spectra of the models were obtained and compared with the experimental one, taken from the literature. The strong influence of water molecule vibrations on the shape of IR spectra of studied structural models of elpidite is discussed in the paper.

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Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Characterization of a Non-Polar Extract of Saffron Stamens in Food Matrix

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10040703 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 703

Author(s):

Severino Zara ◽

Giacomo L. Petretto ◽

Alberto Mannu ◽

Giacomo Zara ◽

Marilena Budroni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Added Value ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Food Matrix ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

By Products

The production of saffron spice generates large quantities of plant by-products: over 90% of the plant material collected is discarded, and a consideration fraction of this waste is plant stamens. This work investigated the chemical composition and the antimicrobial activities of the non-polar fraction extracted from four different saffron flower stamens. The chemical composition of ethereal extracts of the saffron stamens was qualitatively assessed by means of gas–chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. These analyses revealed ethereal extracts to possess a high polyunsaturated fatty acid content. In vitro antibacterial activity of stamen extracts showed no large differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in terms of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). In food matrix microbial analysis of the bacterial strains belonging to the main foodborne pathogen species, including Staphylococcus aureus DSM 20231, Escherichia coli DSM 30083, and Listeria monocytogenes DSM 20600, using low-fat UHT milk, revealed a statistically significant reduction in the number of cells (particularly for E. coli and S. aureus with a complete elimination of the population of the two target bacteria following incubation in diethyl ether extracts of saffron stamen (DES) at high concentrations tested, both at 37 °C and 6 °C (for 48 h and 7 days, respectively). A synergic effect was observed when the pathogens were incubated at 6 °C with DES. This work shows these by-products to be excellent sources of bioactive compounds, which could be exploited in high-added-value products, such as food, cosmetics, and drugs.

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The Genus Haplophyllum Juss.: Phytochemistry and Bioactivities—A Review

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26154664 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (15) ◽

pp. 4664

Author(s):

Majid Mohammadhosseini ◽

Alessandro Venditti ◽

Claudio Frezza ◽

Mauro Serafini ◽

Armandodoriano Bianco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Acids ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Scientific Databases ◽

Organic Extracts ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Therapeutic Properties

Herein, a comprehensive review is given focusing on the chemical profiles of the essential oils (EOs), non-volatile compounds, ethnobotany, and biological activities of different Haplophyllum (Rutaceae family) species. To gather the relevant data, all the scientific databases, including Scopus, ISI-WOS (Institute of Scientific Information-Web of Science), and PubMed and highly esteemed publishers such as Elsevier, Springer, Taylor and Francis, etc., were systematically retrieved and reviewed. A wide array of valuable groups of natural compounds, e.g., terpenoids, coumarins, alkaloids, lignans, flavonoids, and organic acids have been isolated and subsequently characterized in different organic extracts of a number of Haplophyllum species. In addition, some remarkable antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cytotoxic, antileishmanial, and antialgal effects as well as promising remedial therapeutic properties have been well-documented for some species of the genus Haplophyllum.

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Nanotechnology in Roman Opaque Red Glass from the 2nd Century AD. Archaeometric Investigation in Red Sectilia from the Decoration of the Lucius Verus Villa in Rome

Heritage ◽

10.3390/heritage2030159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 2597-2611 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mario Bandiera ◽

Patrice Lehuédé ◽

Marco Verità ◽

Luis Alves ◽

Isabelle Biron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Second Step ◽

Colorimetric Analysis ◽

Historical Sources ◽

Pixe Analysis ◽

X Ray ◽

Colorimetric Measurements ◽

Shed Light

This work aims to characterise the chemical composition of Roman opaque red glass sectilia dated to the 2nd century A.D and to shed light on Roman glassmaking production of different shades of red, from red to reddish-brown. Due to the lack of technical historical sources for this period many questions about technological aspects still remain. In this project a multi-disciplinary approach is in progress to investigate the red glass sectilia with several red hues from the Imperial Villa of Lucius Verus (161–169 A.D.) in Rome. First, colorimetric measurements were taken to identify the various red hues. The second step was chemical characterization of the samples and the identification of crystalline colouring phases. Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) analysis was used to investigate the chemical composition of these glass samples, while the crystalline phases were identified by Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electrons Microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Using SEM-EDS nanoparticles were detected as a colouring agent, the chemical composition and the morphology of which has been studied in depth. This information has been compared with the colorimetric analysis to establish any correlation with the different colour hues.

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High-throughput screening of the chemical composition distribution of random styrene-butyl acrylate copolymers

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly.2005.5.1.433 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Iván García Romero ◽

Harald Pasch

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

High Throughput ◽

Butyl Acrylate ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Composition Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition Distribution ◽

Exclusion Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatographic

AbstractThe development of high-throughput liquid chromatographic techniques for the analysis of styrene-butyl acrylate (SBA) copolymers is discussed. The analysis time in size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) can be reduced to about 3 min per sample when high-throughput SEC columns and high flow rates are used. In gradient HPLC, small columns with improved separation efficiencies can be applied. The time requirements can be decreased to less than 2 min per sample. Using the high-throughput HPLC technique, the chemical composition distribution of high-conversion SBA copolymers can be analyzed in a fast and efficient way. The calibration of HPLC separation is conducted by coupling the HPLC system with FTIR through the LC-transform interface. A comparison of the chemical compositions of the copolymers obtained by 1H NMR, off-line FTIR and coupled HPLCFTIR verifies the accuracy of the high-throughput copolymer analysis approach.

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Relationship between Chemical Composition and the Amount of Phosphorus Adsorbed

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.695.141 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 695 ◽

pp. 141-144

Author(s):

Eiji Watanabe ◽

Kaori Nishizawa ◽

Masaki Maeda

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Natural Materials ◽

Adsorption Behaviors ◽

Relationship Of

Relationship of the adsorption behaviors of phosphorus with several natural materials and artificial HAS-clay with various chemical compositions was investigated. The amounts of phosphorus adsorbed by them were closely related with the contents of aluminum in the material. It was found that the higher the aluminum contents of material, larger the amount of phosphorus were adsorbed.

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