scholarly journals The Chemical Profiling of Essential Oils from Different Tissues of Cinnamomum camphora L. and Their Antimicrobial Activities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5132
Author(s):  
Darbin Kumar Poudel ◽  
Anil Rokaya ◽  
Pawan Kumar Ojha ◽  
Sujan Timsina ◽  
Rakesh Satyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
Branch Wood

Cinnamomum camphora L. is grown as an ornamental plant, used as raw material for furniture, as a source of camphor, and its essential oil can be used as an important source for perfume as well as alternative medicine. A comparative investigation of essential oil compositions and antimicrobial activities of different tissues of C. camphora was carried out. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus and their compositions were evaluated through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), enantiomeric composition by chiral GC-MS, and antimicrobial properties were assayed by measuring minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Different plant tissues had different extraction yields, with the leaf having the highest yield. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 18, 75, 87, 67, 67, and 74 compounds in leaf, branch, wood, root, leaf/branch, and leaf/branch/wood, respectively. The significance of combining tissues is to enable extraction of commercial quality essential oils without the need to separate them. The oxygenated monoterpene camphor was the major component in all tissues of C. camphora except for safrole in the root. With chiral GC-MS, the enantiomeric distributions of 12, 12, 13, 14, and 14 chiral compounds in branch, wood, root, leaf/branch, and leaf/branch/wood, respectively, were determined. The variation in composition and enantiomeric distribution in the different tissues of C. camphora may be attributed to the different defense requirements of these tissues. The wood essential oil showed effective antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens with an MIC of 39.1 μg/mL. Similarly, the mixture of leaf/branch/wood essential oils displayed good antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus while the leaf essential oil was notably active against Trichophyton rubrum. C. camphora essential oils showed variable antimicrobial activities against dermal and pulmonary-borne microbes.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthiumL.) Essential Oils and Phenolics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Msaada ◽  
Nidhal Salem ◽  
Olfa Bachrouch ◽  
Slim Bousselmi ◽  
Sonia Tammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The aim of this study was to determine the chemical variability of wormwood extracts as affected by the growing region. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were also investigated. The essential oil composition variability ofA. absinthiumL. aerial parts collected from four different Tunisian regions was assessed by gas chromatography (GC/FID) and by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of methanolic extract and essential oils were undertaken. Chromatographic analysis of wormwood essential oils showed the predominance of monoterpene hydrocarbons represented mainly by chamazulene. RP-HPLC analysis of wormwood methanolic extract revealed the predominance of phenolic acids. Antiradical activity was region-dependant and the methanolic extract of Bou Salem region has the strongest activity (CI50=9.38±0.82 µg/mL). Concerning the reducing power, the methanolic extract of Bou Salem, Jérissa, and Boukornine regions was more active than the positive control. Obtained results of antimicrobial activities showed that wormwood essential oil is endowed with important antibacterial activity which was strongly related to the organoleptic quality of oil which appeared strongly region-dependant.A. absinthiumL. EOs investigated are quite interesting from a pharmaceutical standpoint because of their biological activities.

scholarly journals Volatile Compounds and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Selected Citrus Essential Oils Originated from Nepal

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6683
Author(s):  
Devi Prasad Bhandari ◽  
Darbin Kumar Poudel ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
Karan Khadayat ◽  
Sital Dhami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Citrus species of plants are among the most commercially cultivated crops, mainly for their fruit. Besides, the generally consumed flesh inside the fruit, the peel is quite important too. Essential oils extracted from the peel have a history of being used by humankind for centuries. These essential oils are rich in antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. Comparative investigation of volatile constituents, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were undertaken. The essential oils were evaluated through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and enantiomeric composition by chiral GC–MS. Similarly, the antioxidant properties were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay, and antimicrobial activities were assayed using the disk diffusion method. The highest extraction yield of 1.83% was observed in Citrus sinensis Osbeck. GC–MS analysis showed limonene (63.76–89.15%), γ-terpinene (0.24–6.43%), β-pinene (0.15–6.09%), linalool (0.35–3.5%), sabinene (0.77–2.17%), myrcene (0.74–1.75%), α-terpineol (0.28–1.15%), and α-pinene (0.2–0.58%) as the major constituents of the essential oil of the Citrus species studied. For the first time, through our study, chiral terpenoids have been observed from Citrus grandis Osbeck essential oil. The order of antioxidant activity is as follows: Citrus grandis Osbeck red flesh > Citrus reticulata Blanco > Citrus sinensis Osbeck > Citrus grandis Osbeck white flesh. Except for Citrus grandis Osbeck white flesh (52.34 µL/mL), all samples demonstrated stronger antioxidant activities than those of the positive control, quercetin (5.60 µL/mL). Therefore, these essential oils can be used as a safe natural antioxidant to prevent product oxidation. Likewise, citrus peel essential oil showed antimicrobial activity against tested bacterial strains, albeit marginal.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Vant Essential Oils Extracted by Simultaneous Distillation-Extraction, Subcritical Extraction and Hydrodistillation

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Guan ◽  
Depeng Ge ◽  
Sen Li ◽  
Kai Huang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Artemisia Argyi ◽  
Simultaneous Distillation Extraction

Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Vant essential oil could be used as a good antimicrobial flavouring agent and applied in the food industry. In this study, three methods, including simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE), subcritical extraction and hydrodistillation, were applied to extract A. argyi essential oil. Compared with subcritical extraction (1%) and hydrodistillation (0.5%), SDE gave a higher yield (1.2%). Components of the essential oils were analysed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the most abundant ingredients were caryophyllene oxide, neointermedeol, borneol, α-thujone and β-caryophyllene. These five components accounted for 82.93%, 40.90% and 40.33% for SDE, subcritical extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively. Based on agar disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays, SDE oil showed a significant inhibitory effect towards Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella enteritidis and Aspergillus niger. Furthermore, electron microscope observations (SEM) confirmed that SDE oil could obviously deform cell morphology and destroy the structure of cell walls. Performances showed that SDE was a promising process for extracting A. argyi essential oil with both high yield and antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ESSENTIAL OIL THE VEGETABLE RAW MATERIAL SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS: LEAVES, WOODY STEMS, RHIZOMES WITH ROOTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Юрий (Yuriy) Алексеевич (Alekseevich) Морозов (Morozov) ◽  
Ифрат (Ifrat) Назимович (Nazimovich) Зилфикаров (Zilfikarov) ◽  
Елизавета (Elizaveta) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) Морозова (Morozova) ◽  
Аслан (Aslan) Мурадалиевич (Muradalievich) Алиев (Aliev) ◽  
Тимур (Timur) Алгасанович (Algasanovich) Ибрагимов (Ibragimov)
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Marker Substances ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the component composition of essential oil samples obtained from various vegetable raw materials of Schisandra chinensis (Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.): branches (woody stems), rhizomes with roots and leaves. The extraction of essential oils was carried out by distillation with water vapor followed by extraction from the distillate with ethoxyethane. The largest yield of essential oil in terms of completely dry raw material is registered from rhizomes with roots – 0.99%; the yield from leaves and branches was approximately the same: 0.51% and 0.52%, respectively. A comparative analysis of the component composition of the obtained essential oils was carried out using the gas chromatography / mass spectrometry method. In the essential oil of the leaves 29 detected compounds (identified by 21 connection; dominant components: Cyclohexylmethyl ether sulphurous acid, (+)-trans-nerolidol, δ-cadinene, Tridec-(2E)-EN-1-ol), woody stems 80 connections (identified 65 compounds; dominant components: ß-pinene, Camphene, Bornylacetate, (+)-trans-nerolidol, p-tsimen, Tridecan-2-it, δ-cadinene), rhizomes with roots 78 of the compounds (60 compounds identified; dominant components: δ-cadinene, Bornylacetate, β-pinene, Camphene, Nerolidol-(E), Tridecan-2-it, γ-cadinene, Borneol). For each sample of the studied essential oils selectivity and marker substances were established.

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis of the Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils From Five Species of Lamiaceae in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
mansureh ghavam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) separated from Lamiaceae species attract more attention due to their abundant use in the preservation of natural foods and pharmaceutics and have gained considerable interester in research and industrial. The aim of this study was to evaluate composition and antimicrobial activity of EOs obtained from five species Lamiaceae in Iran. After extraction of EOs by Clevenger, their composition was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antimicrobial properties were assayed by measuring inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that the effects of species, on yield and predominant compounds amount of EOs of five species were significant with a probability of error of 1 %. The yield of oils were varied from ~ 0.02 to ~ 1.88%. About 66 components were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the dominant compounds were included thymol (67.71%), oleic acid (0.49–62.09%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (0.41–24.81%), α-pinene (1.09–19.41%), 1,8-cineole (0.22–15.40%), palmitic acid (0.32–13.28%), (+)spathulenol (11.16%), and germacrene D (0.30-10.26%) in different species. The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of the inhibition zone obtained treating the different microorganisms with the essential oil of five species (P ≤ 0.01). The highest inhibition zone belonged to TDEO (39.33 ± 0.58 and 25.00 ± 0.00 mm) against Gram-positive S. aureus and A. brasiliensis. The Gram-negative P. aeruginosa showed the lowest inhibitory resistance to HIEO, SIEO, and ROEO (with a MIC value of 31.25 µg/mL), which was very significant compared to rifampin. Therefore, EOs of five species have potential applications in the control of various bacteria and fungi and can be a natural alternative to some antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activities of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil against several oral pathogens and its volatile compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Henny Zaliyana Ahmad Kamal ◽  
Tuan Nadrah Naim Tuan Ismail ◽  
Erry Mochamad Arief ◽  
Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Introduction: Cymbopogon nardus is a strong aromatic plant with relevant medicinal properties due to its essential chemical compounds and its potential therapeutic effects. This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of citronella essential oil against several oral pathogens and to identify the volatile compounds. Methods: The essential oil of C. nardus was purchased from Excellent Wisdom Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia. The source of raw material was collected from Malacca, the southern region of Malaysia, and the company made its taxonomic identification. An experimental in-vitro study was conducted on the essential oil processed from C. nardus genus Cymbopogon of Poaceae family. The in-vitro antimicrobial activities of C. nardus essential oil were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sobrinus (ATCC 33478), and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) using agar well diffusion assay. The identification of the volatile compounds was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The C. nardus essential oil exhibited inhibitory activity against C. albicans at the concentration of 6.25%, whereby the inhibitory activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus began at the concentration of 25%. The antimicrobial activity of C. nardus essential oil was statistically significant at the concentration of 50% in all tested pathogens. The GC-MS analysis of the C. nardus essential oil revealed the presence of few constituents, which include monoterpenes, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds. Monoterpenes were the major identified terpenoids and contributed to 54.45% of the total volatile composition. The main identified monoterpenes were citronellal (11.35%), z-Citral (11.34%), β-Myrcene (6.70%), and β-Trans-ocimene (6.03%), which was the first time β-Myrcene and β-Trans-ocimene was found in high percentage. Conclusion: C. nardus essential oil is an active antibacterial agent against several oral pathogens, and the percentages of active volatile compounds are different within different origins.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METABOLITES AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS EXTRACTED FROM THREE AMOMUM SUBULATUM CULTIVARS

2019 ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
AFTAB ALAM ◽  
RITA SINGH MAJUMDAR ◽  
PRAVEJ ALAM
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Amomum Subulatum

Objective: In Sikkim (India), Seremna is a highly growing cultivar of Amomum subulatum at lower altitudes. Other popular cultivated varieties are Varlangy and Sawney in the same state but at different altitude. In this study, we evaluate the variation in essential oils, metabolites and antimicrobial activities among A. subulatum selected cultivars. Methods: The composition of essential oil of Varlangy, Seremna, and Sawney was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and comparative antimicrobial activity of oils was explored using agar well diffusion and agar dilution method. Results: The Seremna cultivar oil was shown the high content of major constituents (1,8-cineole) in comparison to others. Comparative minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) or minimal fungicidal concentration against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), two Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli) bacteria, and two (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) fungi were determined. The oil of Seremna showed distinct antibacterial and antifungal activity against all the microorganisms except B. subtilis which showed resistance. Conclusion: The present findings concluded that the high content of the principal compound accelerates the antimicrobial activity of essential oils. The essential oil of Seremna could be a good antimicrobial agent and recommended in the case of infections.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil from Phytolacca dodecandra Collected in Ethiopia

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondwosen Matebie ◽  
Wanchang Zhang ◽  
Guangbo Xie
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Phytolacca Dodecandra ◽  
The Difference

The essential oil from Phytolacca dodecandra, a traditional herb of Ethiopia, has been studied, including the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. The difference between four P. dodecandra samples (P-1–P-4), which differed in gender or location, has also been analyzed. The essential oils were obtained by steam distillation, while the aromas were extracted by head space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and both were analyzed by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The oils’ antimicrobial activities were evaluated by the microdilution method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. Ninety one components, representing 88.37 to 94.01% of the aromas, were identified. The compositions of the aromas of four samples are mainly dominated by aldehydes and ketones: 2-nonanone (1.80–30.80%), benzaldehyde (4.99–25.99%), and sulcatone (2.34–5.87%). Sixty components representing 64.61 to 69.64% of the oils were identified, and phytone (3.04–21.23%), phytol (4.11–26.29%) and palmitic acid (1.49–23.87%) are the major compounds. No obvious antimicrobial activity was observed for all the four essential oils.

scholarly journals Study on optimization of extraction technique of pericarp essential oil in Litsea Cubeba (Lour) Pers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Huang ◽  
Zhanying Gu ◽  
Ling Yang ◽  
Ruonan Yang ◽  
Yaxin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Orthogonal Experimental Design ◽  
Microwave Pretreatment ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Main Component

Abstract Litsea cubeba is an important aromatic oil plant. Litsea cubeba pericarp essential oil has various physiological activities such as antibacterial activity, antioxidant capacity, etc., and is widely used. Its main ingredient is citral, which is the raw material for the synthesis of many precious spices. For the purpose of increasing yield, researchers have conducted many studies on the extraction of essential oil from pericarp of Litsea cubeba. But the extraction process still has room for optimization。In this study, Litsea cubeba fruits were subjected to an optimized method of hydrodistillation to increase the yield and biological activity of pericarp essential oils. Three-factor and three-level orthogonal experimental design was performed (fruit preservation time, distillation voltage and fruit microwave pretreatment time) to optimize the process. According to the results of orthogonal experiments, the highest yield of essential oil can be obtained after the fruit has been preserved for 9 days without microwave pretreatment and the distillation voltage is 220 V. The extracted essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), which indicated that their main components were 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, (E)-, 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, (Z)-, 1-Heptanol and 1-Octanol. GC–MS results showed that the relative content of citral in the extracted essential oil was the highest after the fruit was preserved for nine days without microwave pretreatment and the distillation voltage was 150 V. Changes in the process will not significantly affect the main component types of essential oils, but will significantly affect the relative content of the same components.

Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Sardinian Juniperus Essential Oils against Foodborne Pathogens and Spoilage Microorganisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1288-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOFIA COSENTINO ◽  
ANDREA BARRA ◽  
BARBARA PISANO ◽  
MADDALENA CABIZZA ◽  
FILIPPO MARIA PIRISI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

In this work, the chemical compositions and antimicrobial properties of Juniperus essential oils and of their main components were determined. Five berry essential oils obtained from different species of Juniperus growing wild in Sardinia were analyzed. The components of the essential oils were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The antimicrobial activities of the oils and their components against food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms were determined by a broth microdilution method. The GC-MS analysis showed a certain variability in the concentrations of the main constituents of the oils. α-Pinene was largely predominant in the oils of the species J. phoenicea subsp. turbinata and J. oxycedrus. α-Pinene and myrcene constituted the bulk (67.56%) of the essential oil of J. communis. Significant quantitative differences were observed for myrcene, δ-3-carene, and d-germacrene. The results of the antimicrobial assay show that the oils of J. communis and J. oxycedrus failed to inhibit any of the microorganisms at the highest concentrations tested (MLC ≥ 900 μg/ml), while the oils extracted from J. turbinata specimens were active against fungi, particularly against a strain of Aspergillus flavus (an aflatoxin B1 producer). Of the single compounds tested, δ-3-carene was found to possess the broadest spectrum of activity and appeared to contribute significantly to the antifungal activity observed for J. turbinata oils. This activity may be helpful in the prevention of aflatoxin contamination for many foods.

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