scholarly journals New Steroidal Saponins Isolated from the Rhizomes of Paris mairei

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6366
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Pengcheng Qiu ◽  
Minchang Wang ◽  
Yunyang Lu ◽  
Hao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Steroidal Saponins ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Bxpc3 Cell ◽  
Unique Species ◽  
Excellent Source

The genus Paris is an excellent source of steroidal saponins that exhibit various bioactivities. Paris mairei is a unique species and has been widely used as folk medicine in Southwest China for a long time. With the help of chemical methods and modern spectra analysis, five new steroidal saponins, pamaiosides A–E (1–5), along with five known steroidal saponins 6–10, were isolated from the rhizomes of Paris mairei. The cytotoxicity of all the new saponins was evaluated against human pancreatic adenocarcinoma PANC-1 and BxPC3 cell lines.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Acetogenins from the Roots of Annona purpurea

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Alejandro Hernández-Fuentes ◽  
Aída Nelly García-Argáez ◽  
Ana Lilia Peraza Campos ◽  
Iván Delgado-Enciso ◽  
Roberto Muñiz-Valencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Aliphatic Chain ◽  
Human Tumor Cell ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Human Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Interesting Compound ◽  
Complex I Activity

Annona purpurea, known in Mexico as “cabeza de negro” or “ilama”, belongs to the Annonaceae family. Its roots are employed in folk medicine in several regions of Mexico. Taking that information into account, a chemical and biological analysis of the components present in the roots of this species was proposed. Our results demonstrated that the dichloromethane (DCM) extract was exclusively constituted by a mixture of five new acetogenins named annopurpuricins A–E (1–5). These compounds have an aliphatic chain of 37 carbons with a terminal α,β unsaturated γ-lactone. Compounds 1 and 2 belong to the adjacent bis-THF (tetrahydrofuran) α-monohydroxylated type, while compounds 3 and 4 belong to the adjacent bis-THF α,α’-dihydroxylated type; only compound 5 possesses a bis-epoxide system. Complete structure analysis was carried out by spectroscopy and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on three human tumor cell lines (MSTO-211H, HeLa and HepG2). Compounds 1–4 inhibited significantly the growth of HeLa and HepG2 cells, showing GI50 values in the low/subnanomolar range, while 5 was completely ineffective under the tested conditions. The investigation of the mechanism of action responsible for cytotoxicity revealed for the most interesting compound 1 the ability to block the complex I activity on isolated rat liver mitochondria (RLM).

scholarly journals ETHNOBOTANICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NEPENTHES SPECIES: A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaibu Babaji Sanusi ◽  
Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar ◽  
Maryati Mohamed ◽  
Siti Fatimah Sabran ◽  
Muhammad Murtala Mainasara
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

The genus Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) has been utilized in folk medicine for a long time in India and Southeast Asia countries. They are used in the treatment of leprosy, cholera, night blindness, gastrointestinal discomfort, dysentery, stomachache, and bed-wetting among others. This review highlights the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of both crude extracts and pure bioactive compounds of Nepenthes spp. The phytochemical compounds isolated from Nepenthes species include flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids among other phytochemicals. A wide range of pharmacological activities was exhibited by the crude extracts and pure bioactive components such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiosteoporotic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, and hypolipidemic activities. This review revealed that many active compounds are present in Nepenthes spp. However, many pharmacological screenings such as anticancer, antiviral, wound healing, antihelminthic, antidiarrheal properties, among others have not been carried out yet. Therefore, more biological investigations and phytochemical screenings are required to fully explore the genus Nepenthes which may lead to development of new therapeutic agents.  

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Different Rhodiola rosea Rhizome Extracts by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Alperth ◽  
Ivana Turek ◽  
Sandra Weiss ◽  
Dietmar Vogt ◽  
Franz Bucar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Cinnamyl Alcohol ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
High Ethanol

Rhodiola rosea has been used in folk medicine as ethanolic macerates for a long time. This study aims to provide a quantitative and qualitative analysis and comparison of different ethanolic Rhodiola rosea rhizome macerates (35%, 70%, and 96% v/v) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) extracts prepared with 85% methanol, in order to shed light on the effectivity of different extraction methods. Extract samples were analyzed by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn on a ZORBAX SB-C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of water + 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. Qualitative analysis lead to the tentative identification of 18 compounds: Two cyanogenic glycosides (rhodiocyanoside A, lotaustralin), three phenylethanoids (salidroside, viridoside, 2-phenylethyl-vicianoside), two procyanidin and catechin derivatives (epigallocatechin-epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate), five phenylpropanoids (cinnamyl alcohol, rosarin, rosavin, rosin, cinnamyl-(6’-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)-O-β-glucopyranoside), two monoterpene alcohols (rhodioloside E, rosiridin) and four flavonols (rhodionidin, rhodiosin, rhodionin, kaempferol). Quantity was determined for salidroside, cinnamyl alcohol and its three major glycosides (rosarin, rosavin, rosin), as well as three flavonols (rhodionidin, rhodiosin, rhodionin). Methanolic ASE proved to be the superior extraction method for different substance groups. For macerates, high ethanol content increased yield and lowered hydrolysis of glycosides during extraction, but ethanolic macerates still showed low reproducibility and high fluctuations in quantity of marker compounds salidroside and rosavins, as well as flavonols. Rhodiola rosea rhizomes of wild origins seemed to underly great variability in chemical composition dependent on grow site.

scholarly journals Дослідження вуглеводів кореневищ і коренів та трави родовика лікарського (Sanguisorbaofficinalis L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. М. Маrchyshyn ◽  
V. V. Kudria ◽  
I. S. Dakhym ◽  
O. V. Zarichanska
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sanguisorba Officinalis ◽  
Pectin Substances

Introduction. Great burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis L.) – is a perennial plant in the rose family (Rosaceae). Herb, collected during flowering period, and rhizomes with roots, collected in autumn when the above-ground part begins to fade, are used with medical purposes. Great burnet has been used in folk medicine for a long time as astringent, anti–inflammatory, pain–relieving and hemostatic agent.It is reasonable to study qualitative and quantitative content of carbohydrates from great burnet rhizomes with  roots and herb since carbohydrates, in addition to the important functional significance and specific pharmacological activity, affect the development of the total pharmacological effect of drugs.The aim of the study – to determine, extract and study the polysaccharides of the underground organs and the herb of great burnet, as well as analysis of their monosaccharide composition.Research Methods. Objects of the analysis were great burnet rhizomes with roots and herb collected on research plots of academic and recreation centre “Chervona Kalyna” of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, (Druzhba village, Ternopil region). For the identification of polysaccharides water extracts were prepared. Quantitative content of water-soluble polysaccharides and pectin substances was determined using gravimetric method. Determination of the presence and content of monosaccharides and sucrose was conducted by gas chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry.Results and discussion. The results of the studies confirmed the presence of polysaccharides in aqueous extracts from the herb and underground organs of the great burnet. It was set that in the great burnet herb the content of pectin substances was higher (8.75 %); and in rhizomes and roots – the higher content was for water soluble polysaccharides (7.35 %). In the composition of the polysaccharide complexes of rhizomes and roots of great burnet the presence and content of 15 monosaccharides after acid hydrolysis was set and 8 were identified; 7 components out of 16 free sugars were identified – arabinose, mannose, glucose, fructose, inositol and mannitol and disaccharide – sucrose. In the composition of the polysaccharide complexes of the great burnet herb the presence and content of 16 monosaccharides after acid hydrolysis was set and 9 were identified; 5 components out of 12 free sugars were identified – mannose, glucose, fructose, inositol and disaccharide – sucrose. Among the monosaccharides in the analyzed objects glucose formed after acid hydrolysis dominates, the highest content was observed in the herb – 29.96 mg/g. The maximum content of free glucose was in the great burnet rhizomes and roots (18.55 mg/g). Content of sucrose in both investigated objects was almost identical (48.23 mg/g in the rhizomes and roots, and 49.87 mg/gin the herb).Conclusions. An analysis of the results of the research shows high content of water-soluble polysaccharides in S. officinalis rhizomes and roots and pectin substances in S. officinalis herb. The composition of sugars in investigated objects is characterized by the predominance in the quantitative ratio of monosaccharide glucose and disaccharide sucrose. The investigated plant is promising for use in medical practice and requires an extended phytochemical and pharmacological analysis.

An Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal plants and Traditional practices of Ethnic people in Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam ◽  
Peddanna Kotha ◽  
Umamahesh Katike ◽  
Sreenivasulu Basha ◽  
Muralidhara Rao Dowlathabad
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common

Abstract Ethnopharmological relevanceAnantapuram district is known for rich plant source and their traditional practices from long time by certain tribes for different diseases. Despite of increase in acceptance of traditional medicines in India, this rich indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants of Anantapuram district is not adequately documented previously.MethodsExtensive was done for past three years and a total of 66 plants from 66 species and 64 genera of 42 families were recorded. Interviews, Observations and guided talks with 415 participants were conducted to obtain ethno botanical data on medicinal plants grown and maintained in Anantapuram District of Andhra Pradesh, India. The names of plant species, their local name, mode of administration and parts used for different diseases are gathered with FIC and FL values.ResultsPlants widely used to cure the common symptoms of Intestinal disorders has highest agreement of FIC, followed by Toothache, Fever, Snake bite, Eye drops, Dermatological, Headache (0.88%), Hair shampoo (0.87%), Cut and Wounds (0.85%), Boils and Burns (0.84%), Bronchitis/cough (0.83%), Earache (0.82%), Pain (0.82%), Antihelmintic (0.81%), Diabetes (0.81%) and Stress (0.63%).ConclusionThis ethano botanical survey noticed that in Anantapuram very few medicinal plants were reported with their traditional use, can be an important economic source to develop this region and also planned exploitation is needed to make tribal people to continue folk medicine.

scholarly journals XXIV. Researches in spectrum-analysis in connexion with the spectrum of the sun.—No. IV

1874 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Metallic Salts ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Required

I beg to lay before the Royal Society a Map of that portion of the spectra of calcium, strontium, and barium comprised between wave-length 3900 and 4500. This Map has been constructed from photographs of the spectra taken by the method described by me in a former communication (the third paper of this series) to the Society, and I am induced to send it in as a specimen of the results to be obtained by the method in the hope that other observers will co-operate; for I am of opinion that it will be necessary to construct similar maps for all the metallic elements before either our knowledge of the composition of the sun’s reversing layer can be said to be in any way perfect, or we can be said to have a ready means of determining cyclical changes in its composition. The great labour attending and long time required for the construction of these maps results from the universal presence of impurities, even in the purest specimens of the metals or metallic salts prepared by the ordinary chemical methods; and although the method employed is the only one which enables us to eliminate them eventually, this elimination necessitates a photographic comparison of the spectrum mapped with those of all the substances present as impurities. Hence there are numerous records to be discussed, and the discussion requires special treatment. Method of Mapping. The method of treatment which I have employed in constructing the Maps is as follows:— 1. Elimination o f lines due to impurities .—The spectrum of the element is first confronted with the spectra of the substances most likely to be present as impurities, and with those of metals which, according to Thalénn’s measurements, contain in their spectra coincident lines. Lines due to impurities, if any are thus traced, are marked for omission from the Map and their true sources recorded, while any line that is observed to vary in length and thickness in the various photographs is at once suspected to be an impurity line, and if traced to such is likewise marked for omission.

A dihydrochalcone derivative and further steroidal saponins from Sansevieria trifasciata Prain

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy T. Tchegnitegni ◽  
Rémy B. Teponno ◽  
Kristina Jenett-Siems ◽  
Matthias F. Melzig ◽  
Tomofumi Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Steroidal Saponins ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Aconitic Acid ◽  
Related Compounds

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the aerial parts ofSansevieria trifasciata, one of the most common Dracaenaceae plants, has resulted in the isolation of a new dihydrochalcone derivative named trifasciatine C (1), four previously unreported steroidal saponins as two pairs of inseparable regioisomers: trifasciatosides K/L (2/3), M/N (4/5), together with the known 1,2-(dipalmitoyl)-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosylglycerol (6), aconitic acid (7), and 1-methyl aconitic acid (8). Their structures were elucidated mainly by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance) and high-resolution electronspray ionization-mass spectrometry, as well as chemical methods and comparison of their spectral data with those of related compounds. Compounds2/3and4/5were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on Hela cells, and no significant effect was observed.

The case for an oral architecture: carpentry and communal assembly among the Dong of Southwest China

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Blundell Jones ◽  
Derong Kong
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Good Sense ◽  
Chinese Architecture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The 1960S

Chinese architecture was for a long time ignored because it was not produced by architects and because it did not follow Western classical expectations, and vernacular architecture was little discussed until the 1960s, and only recently embraced by its own encyclopaedia. Yet the division of labour between drawing architect and practical builder was never wholly advantageous or inevitable, for specialisation of roles can lead to differentiation, inequality, and division, as well as constructional efficiency. Only in the last century has the division between office work and construction site become so complete, resulting in losses as well as gains. Most obviously it has removed design from making, the person with the drawing pen no longer obliged to experience the materials in their weight and texture, or to discover by handling them the best ways to work them. The designer who has never picked up a brick or wielded a chisel can possess little sensibility for the material, but as long as their duties are fulfilled on paper with apparent competence, the process is carried through. On the receiving end, bricklayer or carpenter must produce what drawings demand even when good sense seems lacking, so they carry the work through grumpily without conviction instead of participating in the creative process. This paper looks at oral architecture in the Dong culture, and the way in which buildings have traditionally been produced by carpenters along with the local community, accompanied by shared rituals which reinforce their significance.

scholarly journals NIRS and Aquaphotomics Trace Robusta-to-Arabica Ratio in Liquid Coffee Blends

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Balkis Aouadi ◽  
Flora Vitalis ◽  
Zsanett Bodor ◽  
John-Lewis Zinia Zaukuu ◽  
Istvan Kertesz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Complex Matrix ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Spectral Pattern ◽  
Long Time

Coffee is both a vastly consumed beverage and a chemically complex matrix. For a long time, an arduous chemical analysis was necessary to resolve coffee authentication issues. Despite their demonstrated efficacy, such techniques tend to rely on reference methods or resort to elaborate extraction steps. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and the aquaphotomics approach, on the other hand, reportedly offer a rapid, reliable, and holistic compositional overview of varying analytes but with little focus on low concentration mixtures of Robusta-to-Arabica coffee. Our study aimed for a comparative assessment of ground coffee adulteration using NIRS and liquid coffee adulteration using the aquaphotomics approach. The aim was to demonstrate the potential of monitoring ground and liquid coffee quality as they are commercially the most available coffee forms. Chemometrics spectra analysis proved capable of distinguishing between the studied samples and efficiently estimating the added Robusta concentrations. An accuracy of 100% was obtained for the varietal discrimination of pure Arabica and Robusta, both in ground and liquid form. Robusta-to-Arabica ratio was predicted with R2CV values of 0.99 and 0.9 in ground and liquid form respectively. Aquagrams results accentuated the peculiarities of the two coffee varieties and their respective blends by designating different water conformations depending on the coffee variety and assigning a particular water absorption spectral pattern (WASP) depending on the blending ratio. Marked spectral features attributed to high hydrogen bonded water characterized Arabica-rich coffee, while those with the higher Robusta content showed an abundance of free water structures. Collectively, the obtained results ascertain the adequacy of NIRS and aquaphotomics as promising alternative tools for the authentication of liquid coffee that can correlate the water-related fingerprint to the Robusta-to-Arabica ratio.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical and Food Preserving Importance of Laetiporus sulphureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Sanem Bulam ◽  
Nebahat Şule Üstün ◽  
Aysun Pekşen
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Laetiporus Sulphureus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.: Fr.) Murr. is popularly known as “sulphur polypore” or “chicken of the woods” due to its characteristic sulphur yellow coloured polypore’s and chicken-like taste and texture. This edible wild mushroom has been traditionally consumed as a source of nutrition and folk medicine in Asia and Europe for a long time. The numerous studies have shown that L. sulphureus nutritionally provides various key components such as carbohydrate, essential amino acids and fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and fibre. Besides, the extracts prepared from fruiting bodies or mycelia of this mushroom have exhibited a number of medicinal properties such as immunomodulation, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antihyperglysemic activities because of their biologically active components such as phenolics, triterpenes, and polysaccharides. L. sulphureus is also a suitable candidate to be used as a natural food preserving source.

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