scholarly journals Recent Progress in Nanotechnology for COVID-19 Prevention, Diagnostics and Treatment

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Yousef Rasmi ◽  
Kouass Sahbani Saloua ◽  
Mahdieh Nemati ◽  
Jane Ru Choi
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Diagnostic Device ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Alternative Approaches

The COVID-19 pandemic is currently an unprecedented public health threat. The rapid spread of infections has led to calls for alternative approaches to combat the virus. Nanotechnology is taking root against SARS-CoV-2 through prevention, diagnostics and treatment of infections. In light of the escalating demand for managing the pandemic, a comprehensive review that highlights the role of nanomaterials in the response to the pandemic is highly desirable. This review article comprehensively discusses the use of nanotechnology for COVID-19 based on three main categories: prevention, diagnostics and treatment. We first highlight the use of various nanomaterials including metal nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles for COVID-19. We critically review the benefits of nanomaterials along with their applications in personal protective equipment, vaccine development, diagnostic device fabrication and therapeutic approaches. The remaining key challenges and future directions of nanomaterials for COVID-19 are briefly discussed. This review is very informative and helpful in providing guidance for developing nanomaterial-based products to fight against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Adipocytes in hematopoiesis and acute leukemia: friends, enemies, or innocent bystanders?

Leukemia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 2305-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Zinngrebe ◽  
Klaus-Michael Debatin ◽  
Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Bone Marrow Niche ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Hematopoietic System ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The bone marrow is home to well-balanced normal hematopoiesis, but also the stage of leukemia’s crime. Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is a unique and versatile component of the bone marrow niche. While the importance of MAT for bone health has long been recognized, its complex role in hematopoiesis has only recently gained attention. In this review article we summarize recent conceptual advances in the field of MAT research and how these developments impact our understanding of MAT regulation of hematopoiesis. Elucidating routes of interaction and regulation between MAT and cells of the hematopoietic system are essential to pinpoint vulnerable processes resulting in malignant transformation. The concept of white adipose tissue contributing to cancer development and progression on the cellular, metabolic, and systemic level is generally accepted. The role of MAT in malignant hematopoiesis, however, is controversial. MAT is very sensitive to changes in the patient’s metabolic status hampering a clear definition of its role in different clinical situations. Here, we discuss future directions for leukemia research in the context of metabolism-induced modifications of MAT and other adipose tissues and how this might impact on leukemia cell survival, proliferation, and antileukemic therapy.

Corrigendum

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-235
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches

In the Review Article entitled “An Emerging Role of Endometrial Inflammasome in Reproduction: New Therapeutic Approaches” published in Protein & Peptides Letters, 2018, Vol. 26, No. 5, the affiliations of authors are revised due to recent restructuring that took place within the Institution for which the authors work for. The revised affiliation is as follows: </p><p> Fiorella Di Nicuoloa,b,*, Monia Specchiac, Lorenza Trentavizic, Alfredo Pontecorvid, Giovanni Scambiacc,e and Nicoletta Di Simoneb,c </p><p> aIstituto Scientifico Internazionale Paolo VI, ISI, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italia; bFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Roma, Italia; cUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Roma, Italia; dFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino- Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Roma, Italia; eFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, U.O.C. di Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Roma, Italia

scholarly journals Review of Atypical and Anaplastic Meningiomas: Classification, Molecular Biology, and Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Anne Wilson ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Dinesh Ramanathan ◽  
Miguel Lopez-Gonzalez ◽  
Promod Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Atypical Meningiomas ◽  
Slow Growing

Although the majority of meningiomas are slow-growing and benign, atypical and anaplastic meningiomas behave aggressively with a penchant for recurrence. Standard of care includes surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiation in anaplastic and partially resected atypical meningiomas; however, the role of adjuvant radiation for incompletely resected atypical meningiomas remains debated. Despite maximum treatment, atypical, and anaplastic meningiomas have a strong proclivity for recurrence. Accumulating mutations over time, recurrent tumors behave more aggressively and often become refractory or no longer amenable to further surgical resection or radiation. Chemotherapy and other medical therapies are available as salvage treatment once standard options are exhausted; however, efficacy of these agents remains limited. This review discusses the risk factors, classification, and molecular biology of meningiomas as well as the current management strategies, novel therapeutic approaches, and future directions for managing atypical and anaplastic meningiomas.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita Stanzione ◽  
Maria Cotugno ◽  
Franca Bianchi ◽  
Simona Marchitti ◽  
Maurizio Forte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Epigenetics is the branch of molecular biology that studies modifications able to change gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modulations include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. These gene modifications are heritable and modifiable and can be triggered by lifestyle and nutritional factors. In recent years, epigenetic changes have been associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases such as diabetes, obesity, renal pathology, and different types of cancer. They have also been related with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases including ischemic stroke. Importantly, since epigenetic modifications are reversible processes they could assist with the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of human diseases. In the present review article, we aim to collect the most recent evidence concerning the impact of epigenetic modifications on the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in both animal models and humans.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disorders

Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jones ◽  
Jyoti Patel
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Western World ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cardiovascular Medicine ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Inflammatory Component ◽  
Made In

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world and represents an enormous global health burden. Significant advances have been made in the conservative, medical and surgical management across the range of cardiovascular diseases however the inflammatory components of these diseases have traditionally been neglected. Inflammation is certainly a key component of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition, but it is at least correlative and predictive of risk in many other aspects of cardiovascular medicine ranging from heart failure to outcomes following reperfusion strategies. Inflammation therefore represents significant potential for future risk stratification of patients as well as offering new therapeutic targets across cardiovascular medicine. This review explores the role of inflammation in several of the major aspects of cardiovascular medicine focusing on current and possible future examples of the targeting of inflammation in prognosis and therapy. It concludes that future directions of cardiovascular research and clinical practice should seek to identify cohorts of patients with a significant inflammatory component to their cardiovascular condition or reaction to cardiovascular intervention. These patients might benefit from therapeutic strategies mounted against the inflammatory components implicated in their condition.

scholarly journals Small RNAs, Big Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Rzeszutek ◽  
Aditi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Related Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

The past two decades have seen extensive research done to pinpoint the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) that have led to discovering thousands of miRNAs in humans. It is not, therefore, surprising to see many of them implicated in a number of common as well as rare human diseases. In this review article, we summarize the progress in our understanding of miRNA-related research in conjunction with different types of cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their potential in generating more reliable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Interview With Francine Shapiro: Historical Overview, Present Issues, and Future Directions of EMDR

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Luber ◽  
Francine Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Distinct Features

This interview with Dr. Francine Shapiro, originator and developer of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), provides an overview of the history and evolution of EMDR from its inception to current findings and utilization, as well as future directions in research and clinical development. Dr. Shapiro discusses the psychological traditions that informed the development of EMDR and the Adaptive Information model, as well as the implications for current treatment. The rationale for the application of EMDR to a wide range of disorders is discussed, as well as its integration with other therapeutic approaches. Topics include research on the role of eye movements, the use of EMDR with combat veterans, somatoform disorders, attachment issues, and the distinct features of EMDR that have allowed it to be used for crisis intervention worldwide.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Yu Wu ◽  
Chien-Sheng Chen ◽  
Giou-Teng Yiang ◽  
Pei-Wen Cheng ◽  
Yu-Long Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Immune Complex ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Molecular Regulation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Inflammatory Cascade ◽  
Novel Target

IgA nephropathy is an autoimmune disease induced by fthe ormation of galactose-deficient IgA1 and anti-glycans autoantibody. A multi-hit hypothesis was promoted to explain full expression of IgA nephropathy. The deposition of immune complex resulted in activation of the complement, increasing oxidative stress, promoting inflammatory cascade, and inducing cell apoptosis via mesangio-podocytic-tubular crosstalk. The interlinked signaling pathways of immune-complex-mediated inflammation can offer a novel target for therapeutic approaches. Treatments of IgA nephropathy are also summarized in our review article. In this article, we provide an overview of the recent basic and clinical studies in cell molecular regulation of IgAN for further treatment interventions.

scholarly journals The Role of miRNA in the Pathophysiology of Neuroendocrine Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8569
Author(s):  
Lukas Geisler ◽  
Raphael Mohr ◽  
Joeri Lambrecht ◽  
Jana Knorr ◽  
Henning Jann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Tumor Stages ◽  
Established Role

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a tumor group that is both rare and heterogeneous. Prognosis is largely determined by the tumor grading and the site of the primary tumor and metastases. Despite intensive research efforts, only modest advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been achieved in recent years. For patients with non-respectable tumor stages, prognosis is poor. In this context, the development of novel diagnostic tools for early detection of NETs and prediction of tumor response to therapy as well as estimation of the overall prognosis would greatly improve the clinical management of NETs. However, identification of novel diagnostic molecules is hampered by an inadequate understanding of the pathophysiology of neuroendocrine malignancies. It has recently been demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA), a family of small RNA molecules with an established role in the pathophysiology of quite different cancer entities, may also play a role as a biomarker. Here, we summarize the available knowledge on the role of miRNAs in the development of NET and highlight their potential use as serum-based biomarkers in the context of this disease. We discuss important challenges currently preventing their use in clinical routine and give an outlook on future directions of miRNA research in NET.

scholarly journals Reflection on Loving Pedagogy and Students' Engagement in EFL/ESL Classrooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengxue Zhao ◽  
Manman Li
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Affective Pedagogy

The role of positive emotions in language education has been exponentially approved in the literature. One such emotion which has been mostly neglected in EFL/ESL contexts due to irrational ethical and professional sensitivities is the concept of love. Although love in education highlights a caring environment and relationship which is oriented toward students' feelings and needs, little (if any) research has been done on a loving pedagogy in the context of EFL/ESL. Trying to shed some light on this novel construct, this review article presents the theoretical underpinnings of love, its definitions, dimensions, and positive outcomes in language learning. Moreover, two trends of positive psychology and affective pedagogy are described. Finally, the study presents the possible implications of this line of research for different stakeholders in EFL/ESL domains along with a number of research gaps and future directions for avid scholars in this area.

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