Daily Intake and Serum Levels of Copper, Selenium and Zinc According to Glucose Metabolism: Cross-Sectional and Comparative Study

Trace elements play an important role in metabolism. We compared the daily intake and serum concentrations of copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) across a spectrum of glucose tolerance status in a representative U.S. population. Daily intake and serum concentrations of Cu, Zn and Se in 5087 adults from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were examined and compared to normal (NGT) and abnormal (AGT) glucose tolerance and the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Other than Zn deficiency (21.15%), the prevalence of Zn, Se, and Cu excess and Se and Cu deficiency were low (<4.00%). As compared to the NGT group, Cu and Se supplementation was higher in the AGT and DM groups (p < 0.0001 for all). Serum Se and Zn, but not Cu, concentrations were highly correlated with daily intake (p < 0.0001 for both). As compared to the NGT group, serum Cu concentration was highest in the AGT group (p = 0.03), serum Se concentration was highest in the DM group (p < 0.0001), and serum Zn concentration was highest in the AGT group (p < 0.0001). Serum Se and Zn concentration was correlated with daily Se and Zn intake. Even within the reference range for serum Cu, Se, and Zn concentrations, a higher serum concentration of Cu, Se, and Zn was associated with abnormal glucose metabolism. Although the casual relationship remains to be elucidated, these data suggest caution in Cu, Se and Zn supplementation in non-deficient individuals.

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944-P: Gestational Diabetes and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism One Year Postpartum: Clinical Predictive Model vs. 4-12 Week Postpartum Glucose Tolerance Test

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db21-944-p ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 944-P

Author(s):

ERIKA WERNER ◽

ANA LUCIA ESPINOSA DICE ◽

ANGELA BENGTSON

Keyword(s):

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Predictive Model ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽

One Year ◽

Clinical Predictive Model

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Assessment of Serum Concentrations of Adropin, Afamin, and Neudesin in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6128410 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agnieszka Polkowska ◽

Izabela Elżbieta Pasierowska ◽

Marta Pasławska ◽

Elżbieta Pawluczuk ◽

Artur Bossowski

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Novel Biomarkers ◽

Varied Duration

Introduction. The increasing knowledge of adropin, afamin, and neudesin and the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance allows for the assessment of the differences in their concentrations between the groups with varied duration of diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim of the Study. Assessment of serum levels of adropin, afamin, and neudesin in children with type 1 diabetes, with respect to the disease duration. Materials and Methods. The study consisted of 138 patients aged 5–18 years (M 40.58%). Children with type 1 diabetes (n = 68) were compared to the control group (n = 70). The diabetic group was divided into 4 subgroups: (I) newly diagnosed patients, after an episode of ketoacidosis (n = 14), (II) duration no longer than 5 years (n = 18), (III) 5 to 10 years (n = 27), and (IV) longer than 10 years (n = 9). Serum concentrations of adropin, afamin, and neudesin were assessed and compared between the groups of patients. The criterion for statistical significance was p<0.05. Results. The concentrations of adropin and afamin across all subgroups were lower than that in the control group, while neudesin levels were higher in diabetic patients compared to the control group. The differences were statistically significant. Conclusions. Adropin, afamin, and neudesin may play a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and have a significant potential as novel biomarkers to predict future metabolic disorders. However, further multicentre studies on a larger cohort of patients are necessary to specify the role of these substances in the course and treatment of type 1 diabetes.

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Relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease during pregnancy and abnormal glucose metabolism during and after pregnancy

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1136/jim-2019-001186 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 743-747

Author(s):

Maryam Sattari ◽

Fernando Bril ◽

Robert Egerman ◽

Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli ◽

Kenneth Cusi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Post Partum ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

While non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in non-pregnant patients, the clinical significance of NAFLD during pregnancy is still unclear. We hypothesized that sonographic findings of NAFLD during pregnancy would be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and predict abnormal postpartum glucose metabolism. NAFLD was assessed by ultrasound during and after pregnancy. Standard 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used during pregnancy and post partum to establish GDM and the diagnosis of normal, impaired fasting glucose, or DM. We also measured plasma insulin, C peptide, and free fatty acids (FFA) concentration during an OGTT to evaluate glucose tolerance, insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Of the 84 subjects, 12 had sonographic evidence of NAFLD (5 of whom had OGTT post partum). There was a non-significant trend toward higher mean weight and body mass index during and after gestation in the NAFLD group, but no statistically significant differences in mean age, ethnicity, prepregnancy and postpregnancy hemoglobin A1C values, and postpartum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, insulin, or FFA. We did not find an association between sonographic evidence of NAFLD during the third trimester of pregnancy and abnormal glucose metabolism during or after pregnancy. This study also suggests that while AST and ALT are not reliable diagnostic tools for NAFLD during the postpartum period, ultrasound is a reasonably safe, practical, and cost-effective modality to assess maternal hepatic fat during pregnancy.

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Abnormal skin in toe webs is a marker for abnormal glucose metabolism. A cross-sectional survey among 1,849 adults in Finland

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-017-09354-3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Suvi-Päivikki Sinikumpu ◽

Juha Auvinen ◽

Jari Jokelainen ◽

Laura Huilaja ◽

Katri Puukka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

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Adiponectin, Leptin, and Erythrocyte Sodium/Lithium Countertransport Activity, But Not Resistin, Are Related to Glucose Metabolism in Growth Hormone-Deficient Adults

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2004-1239 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 2290-2296 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Johan Svensson ◽

Hans Herlitz ◽

Per-Arne Lundberg ◽

Gudmundur Johannsson

Keyword(s):

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Gh Treatment ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Serum Leptin ◽

Gh Replacement ◽

Erythrocyte Sodium

Abstract In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study under metabolic ward conditions, 10 GH-deficient adults received 1-wk GH replacement therapy (9.5 μg/kg·d). The effect of this treatment on the erythrocyte sodium/lithium countertransport (SLC) activity and on serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and IL-6 was determined. The 1-wk GH replacement impaired glucose homeostasis determined from an oral glucose tolerance test. The other measured variables in serum were unchanged by GH replacement. At baseline, serum adiponectin level was inversely correlated and serum leptin level was positively correlated with measures of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The changes in serum leptin level and erythrocyte SLC activity were positively correlated, and the change in serum IGFBP-1 level was negatively correlated, correlated with changes in measures of glucose metabolism. In conclusion, short-term GH treatment induced glucose intolerance but did not significantly change the erythrocyte SLC activity and the serum levels of adipokines, arguing against direct effects of GH on these measures. However, baseline values or changes in erythrocyte SLC activity, adiponectin, leptin, and IGFBP-1 correlated with glucose metabolism. This suggests that these factors are of importance for glucose homeostasis in GH-deficient adults, most likely through GH-independent mechanisms.

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Comparison of Serum Copper, Selenium and Zinc Concentrations Among the States of Glucose Tolerance

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.651 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A319-A320

Author(s):

Vishwanath Pattan ◽

Maria Chang Villacreses ◽

Rudruidee Karnchanasorn ◽

Wei Feng ◽

Raynald Samoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Beta Cell ◽

Trace Element ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Primary Source ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Trace element is essential for the proper growth, development, and physiology of the organism and the primary source of trace element is dietary intake. Among trace elements, the role of copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) in the pathogenesis of diabetes have been widely recognized. However, there is little information available about these 3 trace elements across the different states of glucose tolerance. We examined associations between serum levels of trace elements - Cu, Zn, and Se with various stages of glucose tolerance in a representative, cross-sectional sample of US adults. Our sample included 5,087 adults (≥20 years) with available serum concentrations of Cu, Zn and Se as well as states of glucose tolerance, defined by history, HbA1c, fasting, and 2-hour plasma glucose concentrations. Serum concentrations of trace elements were compared with glucose tolerance status with the consideration of covariates. Regression analyses was used to examine the relationship of trace elements with HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, and BMI in non-diabetic subjects with the consideration of appropriate covariates. Serum Se (P<0.0001) and Zn (P<0.0001) concentrations differed significantly among 3 groups based on the states of glucose tolerance, while no difference was noted in serum Cu concentration. In non-diabetic subjects, serum Cu concentration was positively correlated with BMI (P<0.0001) with a possible compensatory increased beta cell function (P=0.018). Serum Se concentration was negatively correlated with insulin resistance (P=0.016) but not with beta cell function or BMI. Serum Zn concertation was negatively correlated with beta cell function (P=0.0023) and BMI (P=0.018), but not with insulin resistance. We found that a higher serum concentration of trace elements was associated with negative glucose and fuel homeostasis in a non-deficiency population possibly through different mechanisms. Although the casual relationship remains to be elucidated, we recommend against trace element supplementation in a non-deficiency population.

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Variation in the Level of Thyroid Markers in Association with Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530319666191125150929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 924-929

Author(s):

Khalid Siddiqui ◽

Teena P. George ◽

Salini Scaria Joy ◽

Muhammad Mujammami

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Inflammatory Marker ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tnf Α

Background: A possible relationship between thyroid hormones and glucose metabolism in diabetes has already been established. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the thyroid function markers and their relationship with inflammation, which is considered as a pathogenic condition of diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 276 patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum levels of thyroid (TSH, FT4, and FT3) and inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α) were measured. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 55.2 years and mean diabetes duration of 16.8 years. The inflammatory markers showed significant differences with the tertiles of TSH and thyroid hormones. TSH was significantly correlated with inflammatory markers, IL-6 (r = 0.13, P = 0.020) and TNF-α (r = 0.17, P = 0.003), while FT4 had a correlation only with TNF-α (r = 0.25, P = <0.001). FT3 was negatively correlated with inflammatory marker IL-6 (r = -0.14, P = 0.020), HbA1c (r = -0.12, P = 0 .040), and HOMA-IR (r = -0.17, P = 0.010). Conclusion: Abnormalities in the thyroid hormone metabolism are related to the increased inflammatory activity as well as insulin resistance, and are associated with the disorders of glucose metabolism.

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Diabetes Mellitus Associated With Cystic Fibrosis: Applying American Diabetes Association Standards

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.87.5.749 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 749-749

Author(s):

JOE REISMAN

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

American Diabetes Association ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Tolerance Testing ◽

Clinic Visits

In Reply.— John Sheehan and Margaret Ulchaker make several interesting points in their letter. They were critical of the fact that nondiabetic patients were not proven to be so by glucose tolerance testing. To test more than 530 patients regularly with such testing is not felt to be indicated or practical in our clinic. Although such testing may identify individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism, this manuscript was concerned with survival of insulin-dependent diabetics.1 Such patients when untreated will spill sugar in their urine, and/or exhibit other clinical symptoms, and thus be identified at their regular clinic visits.

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Serum levels of retinol binding protein 4 in women with different levels of adiposity and glucose tolerance

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/0004-2730000002431 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 709-714 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Eleonora Beltrame Comucci ◽

Ana Carolina Junqueira Vasques ◽

Bruno Geloneze ◽

Antonio Ramos Calixto ◽

José Carlos Pareja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Wide Range

Objective Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine responsible for vitamin A (retinol) transportation. Studies associated RBP4 increased levels with severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR). The study aimed to quantify RBP4 serum standards in women with a wide range of body mass index (BMI) and glucose tolerance level. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional study was performed with 139 women divided into three groups: Group 1 (lean-control, n = 45) and Group 2 (obese, n = 53) with normal glucose tolerance and group 3 (obese with T2DM, n = 41), called G1, G2 and G3. Were assessed clinical, biochemical, anthropometric and body composition parameters. Results According to data analysis, we obtained in G1 higher RBP4 levels (104.8 ± 76.8 ng/mL) when compared to G2 (87.9 ± 38 ng/mL) and G3 (72.2 ± 15.6 ng/mL) levels. Also, were found: in G1 positive correlations of RBP4 with BMI (r = 0.253), glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.378) and fasting insulin (r = 0.336); in G2 with glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.489); in G3 with glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.330), fasting glucose (r = 0.463), HOMA-IR (r = 0.481). Conclusions Although RBP4 have shown lower levels in diabetic and obese, a strong correlation with HOMA-IR index highlights that, in our study, there is growing IR when there is an increasing in RBP4 levels.

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