scholarly journals Development of Human Toxo IgG ELISA Kit, and False-Positivity of Latex Agglutination Test for the Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1111
Author(s):  
Sarfraz-ur-Rahman Sarfraz-ur-Rahman ◽  
Haroon Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Zubair Shabbir ◽  
Ubaid Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Imran Rashid

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular zoonotic parasite that causes infection in a wide range of warm-blooded animals and humans. The main aim of this studywas to assess the diagnostic value of the recombinant SAG1 antigen (rSAG1) for T. gondii-IgG screening through the Human Toxo IgG ELISA Kit (K). The rSAG1 was expressed in E. coli (DE3), and it was purified through metal-affinity chromatography. The rSAG1 was confirmed by immunoblotting, and it had a band on 35 kDa.Total of 400 human sera were tested by LAT and K. One hundred and twenty-two (30.5%) sera were found positive by LAT and eighty-nine (22.25%) sera were found positive by K.Out of 400 samples, 80 were selected to evaluate the performance of K through commercial Toxoplasma gondii IgG ELISA Kit (C). Out of 80 human sera, 55 (68.75%) were found positive, 25 (31.25%) were found negative by K and C, respectively. The cut-off value for K was 0.398 and it was calculated through the receiver operator characteristic curve. The ELISA plates were coated at optimized concentration of rSAG1 = 0.125 µg/mL, and the test was performed by diluting the sera at 1:50. The sensitivity and specificity of K were observed to be 98.5% and 100%, respectively. The six sera (K-L+were found positive through LAT and these human sera were later evaluated by Western blot analysis. These sera did not produce a band equivalent to 35 kDa on WB analysis thus, LAT produced false-positive results

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A225-A225
Author(s):  
J Xue ◽  
R Zhao ◽  
J Li ◽  
L Zhao ◽  
B Zhou ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction To evaluate the utility of the ring pulse oximeter for screening of OSA in adults. Methods 87 adults were monitored by a ring pulse oximeter and PSG simultaneously during a nocturnal in-lab sleep testing. 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI3); Mean oxygen saturation(MSpO2), Saturation impair time below 90% (SIT90) derived from an automated algorithm of the ring pulse oximeter. Meanwhile, the parameters of PSG were scored manually according to the AASM Manual. Correlation and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis were used to measure the accuracy of ring pulse oximeter and its diagnostic value for moderate to severe OSA (AHI≥15). Results Among the 87 participants, 18 cases were AHI<5, 17 cases were diagnosed with mild OSA (AHI:5-14.9), 25 cases were diagnosed with moderate OSA (AHI:15-29.9) and 27 cases were diagnosed with severe OSA (AHI≥30). There was no significant difference between PSG and ring pulse oximeter in regard to ODI3 (23.4±23.5 vs 24.7 ± 21.7), and SIT90 (1.54%, range 0.14%-8.99% vs. 3.20%, range 0.60%, 12.30%) (P>0.05], Further analysis indicated that two parameters from the oximeter correlated well with that derived from PSG (r=0.889, 0.567, respectively, both p<0.05). Although MSpO2 correlated significantly (r=0.448, P<0.05), the difference was remarkable [95.9%, range 94.0% to 97.0% vs. 94.5%, range 93.3% to 95.7%, p<0.05]. Bland-Altman plots showed that the agreement of these three parameters was within the clinical acceptance range. The ROC curve showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the ring pulse oximeter when the oximeter derived ODI3 ≥12.5 in the diagnosis of moderate to severe OSA were 82.7% and 74.3%, respectively. Conclusion The pilot study indicated that ring pulse oximeter can detect oxygen desaturation events accurately, therefore to be used as a screening tool for moderate to severe OSA. Support The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81420108002 and NO. 81570083).


Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Yehuda Wexler ◽  
Udi Nussinovitch

Numerous studies have reported correlations between plasma microRNA signatures and cardiovascular disease. MicroRNA-133a (Mir-133a) has been researched extensively for its diagnostic value in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). While initial results seemed promising, more recent studies cast doubt on the diagnostic utility of Mir-133a, calling its clinical prospects into question. Here, the diagnostic potential of Mir-133a was analyzed using data from multiple papers. Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications containing “Cardiovascular Disease”, “MicroRNA”, “Mir-133a” and their synonyms. Diagnostic performance was assessed using area under the summary receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), while examining the impact of age, sex, final diagnosis, and time. Of the 753 identified publications, 9 were included in the quantitative analysis. The pooled AUC for Mir-133a was 0.73. Analyses performed separately on studies using healthy vs. symptomatic controls yielded pooled AUCs of 0.89 and 0.68, respectively. Age and sex were not found to significantly affect diagnostic performance. Our findings indicate that control characteristics and methodological inconsistencies are likely the causes of incongruent reports, and that Mir-133a may have limited use in distinguishing symptomatic patients from those suffering AMI. Lastly, we hypothesized that Mir-133a may find a new use as a risk stratification biomarker in patients with specific subsets of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (29) ◽  
pp. 412-423
Author(s):  
Basim Mohammed Hanon

Background: toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite, more added a major public health is worldwide because have high distribution in livestock. Objectives: the main aim of this study determine the occurrence of the seroepidemiological toxoplasmosis in camels in waist province of Iraq from November 2016 to April 2017. Materials and Methods: blood samples collected of animals randomly were included six different groups of animals were diagnosed by A Latex agglutination test (LAT) and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqun Xing ◽  
Haibo Sun ◽  
Chi Yan ◽  
Chengzhi Zhao ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundLung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths across the world. Early detection of lung cancer by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) can reduce the mortality rate. However, making a definitive preoperative diagnosis of malignant pulmonary nodules (PNs) found by LDCT is a clinical challenge. This study aimed to develop a prediction model based on DNA methylation biomarkers and radiological characteristics for identifying malignant pulmonary nodules from benign PNs. MethodsWe assessed three DNA methylation biomarkers (PTGER4, RASSF1A, and SHOX2) in a training cohort of 110 individuals with PNs. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, we developed a prediction model based on the three DNA methylation biomarkers and one radiological characteristic for identifying malignant from benign PNs. The performance of the prediction model with that of the methylation biomarkers and the Mayo Clinic model were compared using the non-parametric approach of DeLong et al. with the area under a receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) analysis. ResultsThe developed prediction model achieved a sensitivity of 87.3% and a specificity of 95.7% with an AUC value of 0.951 in malignant PNs diagnosis, being significantly higher than the three DNA methylation biomarkers (84.1% sensitivity and 89.4% specificity, p=0.013) or clinical/radiological characteristics (76.2% sensitivity and 87.2% specificity, p=0.001) alone. Validation of the prediction model in the testing cohort of 100 subjects with PNs confirmed the diagnostic value.ConclusionWe have shown that integrating DNA methylation biomarkers and radiological characteristics could more accurately identify lung cancer in subjects with CT-found PNs. The prediction model developed in our study may provide clinical utility in combination with LDCT to improve the over-all diagnosis of lung cancer.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shi-Han Yang ◽  
Can-Tong Liu ◽  
Chao-Qun Hong ◽  
Ze-Yuan Huang ◽  
Huan-Zhu Wang ◽  
...  

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two predominant histological types of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), lacking effective early diagnostic markers. In this study, we assessed the diagnostic value of autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 in skin SCC and BCC. ELISA was performed to detect levels of autoantibodies in sera from 101 NMSC patients and 102 normal controls, who were recruited from the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. A receiver operator characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value. The serum levels of autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 were higher in NMSCs than those in the normal controls (all P < 0.01 ). The AUC of the three-autoantibody panel was 0.841 (95% CI: 0.788-0.894) with the sensitivity and specificity of 60.40% and 91.20% when differentiating NMSCs from normal controls. Furthermore, measurement of this panel could differentiate early-stage skin cancer patients from normal controls (AUC: 0.851; 95% CI: 0.793-0.908). Data from Oncomine showed that the level of p53 mRNA was elevated in BCC ( P < 0.05 ), and the Hsp70 mRNA was upregulated in SCC ( P < 0.001 ). This serum three-autoantibody panel might function in assisting the early diagnosis of NMSC.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chai ◽  
Cong-Ying Mai ◽  
Ming-Yue Zhang ◽  
Dao-Ming Xu ◽  
Feng Tan ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Osteoarthritis is the main cause of disability and pain. Due to limited understanding of the disease mechanism, it is generally difficult to diagnose early and eliminate sequelae. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers for osteoarthritis (OA) using a bioinformatics approach. Method: The gene expression dataset GSE82107 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Matrix quality assessment was performed using corrplot packages and principal component analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) picked out using GEO2R tool. Enrichment analyses were performed using The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to find gene modules highly associated with OA. Cytoscape with Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plug-in was utilized to analyze protein-protein interaction of these DEGs. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of genes. Results: Samples with different conditions (HC and OA) are obviously distinguished, and the distance between biological replicates is relatively close. In total, 1676 DEGs were identified. Enrichment analysis showed that there were some gene sets related to OA pathology, such as chondrocyte development. The results of WGCNA analysis showed that 298 genes were most positive associated with OA. 10 common genes obtained were selected as candidate core genes. ROC results showed that 5 of these genes had the greatest diagnostic value. Conclusion: This is the first study to identify biomarkers related to OA by combining multiple algorithms such as GSEA, WGCNA, MCODE and ROC. We suggest that GLG1, PAPSS2, CTSK, TIMP1 and SDC1 could serve as valuable biomarkers. Further studies are needed to examine the precise role and mechanism of these genes in OA.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lais Luján Pardini

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar dos pruebas de ELISA para la detección de anticuerpos en cerdos naturalmente infectados con Toxoplasma gondii, así como también aislar y genotipificar cepas obtenidas a partir de cerdos de Argentina. Una de las pruebas de ELISA fue elaborada con un antígeno nativo TgSAG1 y otra con un antígeno recombinante rGra7. Para la evaluación de ambas pruebas se obtuvieron 602 sueros de cerdos para consumo y para realizar el ELISA-TgSAG1, de ese total se sortearon 300 al azar. Los sueros se analizaron por inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) e immunoblotting (IB) para la detección de anticuerpos para T. gondii. Aquellos que resultaron serológicamente positivos y/o negativos para ambas pruebas, se utilizaron como estándar relativo de comparación (RSC) y se analizaron por los 2 ELISAs. Se determinó la concordancia y se evaluó la sensibilidad (S) y especificidad (E) utilizando la curva de “receiver operator characteristic curve” (ROC). Se detectaron anticuerpos específicos para T. gondii en 160 de 300 sueros (53,3%) por IB, en 133 de 300 (44.3%) por IFI, y en 123 de 300 sueros (41%) por ELISA-TgSAG1 (P30). Ciento once sueros de los 229 usados como RSC fueron seropositivos, y de ellos 103 resultaron positivos por ELISA-TgSAG1. De los 118 negativos para RSC, 116 fueron negativos por ELISA-TgSAG1. La concordancia entre los resultados obtenidos por RSC y ELISA-TgSAG1 fue excelente (ĸ= 0,9124; p ≥ 0,05). El análisis ROC mostró un área bajo la curva (AUC) altamente precisa de 0,983 relativa a las RSC, se obtuvo una S de 92,8% y una E de 98,3%. En una primera etapa al analizarse por ELISA-rGra7 160 sueros (IFI ≥1:25) concordantes por RSC se obtuvo un valor ĸ de de 0,2941 para RSC/ELISA-rGra7 y una S de 87,5% y una E de 55%. En una segunda etapa (IFI ≥1:50) se analizaron los 229/300 sueros concordantes y se detectaron anticuerpos en 135/229 por ELISA-rGra7. Sin embargo 28/111 sueros positivos de los RSC no fueron detectados por esta prueba y por el contrario 52/118 sueros negativos del grupo RSC se identificaron como positivos. El valor de ĸ entre RSC y ELISA-rGra7 fue de 0,3051, siendo la S de 74,7% y la E de 55,9 %. Se tomaron muestras de tejidos, suero y jugo de carne de cerdos (n=122) de frigorífico, y se analizaron por IFI. Se realizó la digestión pépsica de los tejidos de los animales seropositivos seleccionados (33/48) y el producto de la digestión se inoculó en ratones por vía subcutánea. Si bien se detectaron anticuerpos específicos para T. gondii en 5/95 de los ratones inoculados, no se detectaron taquizoítos en el lavado peritoneal ni ADN específico por PCR. Dos aislamientos previos conservados en el laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología denominados PIG10 y PIG15 se analizaron por PCR-RFLP para determinar su genotipo en relación a los marcadores 5′SAG2, 3′SAG2, BTUB, GRA6, SAG3, c22-8, L358, PK1, c29-2 y Apico. El aislamiento denominado PIG10 correspondió al genotipo II para todos los marcadores, mientras que el aislamiento PIG15 presentó alelos tipo II en todos los marcadores con excepción del marcador Apico, para el que correspondió al tipo I. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos es posible concluir que la prueba de ELISA-TgSAG1 es muy adecuada para la detección sensible y específica de anticuerpos en cerdos naturalmente infectados. Luego de observar la baja concordancia obtenida para IFI/ ELISA-rGra7, IB /ELISA-rGra7 y con los RSC, se considera que la proteína recombinante rGra7 bajo las condiciones en que fue utilizada en este estudio, no permitiría detectar correctamente animales seropositivos y/o seronegativos. Esto podría relacionarse con la estructura de la proteína recombinante empleada, derivada del modelo de expresión procarionte o a la metodología utilizada para la purificación de la misma. La imposibilidad de aislar T. gondii de los animales muestreados en este estudio, probablemente se deba a que la carga parasitaria presente en los tejidos no fue suficiente para infectar a los ratones inoculados, sin embargo, fue capaz de inducir respuesta inmune. De acuerdo a nuestro conocimiento esta es la primera vez que se realiza la tipificación por PCRRFLP de cepas aisladas de cerdos en nuestro medio.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Md Zulfekar Ali ◽  
Mohammad Moktader Moula ◽  
Zafar Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Javed

AbstractChicken astroviruses (CAstV) are enteric viruses of poultry causing gastroenteritis, malabsorption, gout and white chick disease commonly known as runting-stunting syndrome (RSS). It can affect the wide range of poultry birds, especially chicken, turkey and duck worldwide. To our best knowledge there is no published report on presence of antibodies against CAstV in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study aimed to detect the presence of CAstV antibodies in broilers and sonali chickens (a cross-bread) in Bangladesh through a cross-sectional survey. A total of 454 blood samples from 66 flocks of broiler (n=343) and sonali chickens (n=111) of different ages were obtained during 2017 from four districts. The birds were healthy but were not vaccinated against CAstV. The samples were tested for specific antibodies against CAstV Group B by using commercially available ELISA kit. Overall, 16.74% (76/454) samples and 34.84% (23/66) flocks were positive for CAstV antibodies. The seroprevalence of CAstV was significantly (p=0.001) higher in sonali chickens (36.96%) than broiler (10.20%), while it was significantly higher (p=0.001) in birds of Bogura district (36.94%) than the other three districts. Regarding the age groups, seroprevalence was insignificantly (p=0.192) higher in sonali chicken before laying age (45%) than during laying age (27.45%). Regarding the seasons, CAstV infection was prevalent significantly (p=0.001) higher in winter season. Thus, the present study indicated the presence of CAstV in poultry in Bangladesh, so further studies are required to find out the magnitude of the problem in the country.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1437-1441
Author(s):  
Pavel Dyachenko ◽  
Igor Filchakov ◽  
Anatoly Dyachenko ◽  
Victoria Kurhanskaya

Introduction: Viral encephalitis accounts for 40-70% of all cases worldwide, central nervous system infections pose a diagnostic challenge because clinical manifestations are not typically pathognomonic for specific pathogens, and a wide range of agents can be causative. The aim: To assess the diagnostic value of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies in patients with inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system. Materials and methods: Within the framework of the study, two groups of 90 people in each were formed from the patients with neuroinfections admitted to our Center. Intrathecal synthesis (ITS) of total (unspecific) IgG in members of one of group (group of compare) was determined. Brain synthesis of specific antibodies (Ab) to some neurotropic pathogens (herpes simplex virus 1/2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, rubella virus, Borrelies) was studied in the second group of patients (group of interest). There were no statistically significant differences between groups by gender and age. Encephalitis and encephalomyelitis prevailed among patients of both groups Results: ITS of total IgG was established in 30 (33.3 ± 6.1 %) patients of the first group with IgG index more than 0.6 indicating on inflammatory process in CNS and no marked changes of CSF. ITS of specific Ab was determined in 23 of 90 (25.6 ± 4.6 %) patients included into group of interest. In more than half of cases Ab to several infectious agents were detected simultaneously. ITS of various specificity, in particular, to measles and rubella viruses, and VZV, known as MRZ-reaction, is characteristic of some autoimmune lesions of CNS, multiple sclerosis first of all. In fact, further research of 5 patients with MRZ-reaction confirmed their autoimmune failure of CNS. Detection of ITS in the CSF samples didn’t depend on concentration of specific Ab in serum and CSF and wasn’t followed by HEB dysfunctions which were observed with the same frequency in patients with or without ITS (13.0 % and 13.6 % respectively). Conclusion: Specific Ab synthesis to several neurotropic pathogens in the CSF of significant part of examined patients was established. Thus, diagnostic value of ITS of specific immunoglobulins seems to be limited to cases in which autoimmune damage of the CNS is suspected.


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