scholarly journals Preliminary Report on the Effect of Savanna Plants Leucaena leucocephala, Parkia platycephala and Senna alata against Eggs and Immature Stages of Trichostrongylid Nematodes In Vitro

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 986
Author(s):  
Benta Natânia Silva Figueiredo ◽  
Marcello Otake Sato ◽  
Laiane Teixeira Sousa Moura ◽  
Sandra Maria Botelho Mariano ◽  
Tarso da Costa Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Senna Alata ◽  
Anthelmintic Effect

The current study evaluated the anthelmintic effect of different extracts of Leucaena leucocephala, Parkia platycephala, and Senna alata on trichostrongylid eggs and infective larvae and determined the potential active components of each plant. Dried and macerated plant material was concentrated using rotaevaporation to obtain the crude extract (CE), followed by solvent partitioning to obtain hexanic (HexE), acetatic (AcE), and butanolic (BuE) extracts used for phytochemical analysis and anthelmintic efficacy testing in vitro. All the crude and partitioned extracts tested showed inhibition activity in the hatching of trichostrongylid eggs. Larvicidal efficacy was observed at CE concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/mL for P. platycephala and S. alata. However, L. leucocephala CE did not significantly reduce the number of living larvae in the tested concentrations. Chromatographic analysis revealed several active metabolites; gallic acid, ellagic acid, naringin, morin, and kaempferol on AcE of P. platycephala; gallic acid, rutin, and ellagic acid on BuE of P. platycephala; and gallic acid and naringin on BuE of L. leucocephala. The extracts of P. platycephala, L. leucocephala, and S. alata leaves showed egg hatching inhibition and larvicidal activity, probably produced by tannins and flavonoids, which may act alone or by synergism.

Anthelmintic effect of four extracts obtained from Caesalpinia coriaria foliage against the eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Rojas-Morales ◽  
Jaime Cubides-Cárdenas ◽  
Andrea Constanza Montenegro ◽  
Carlos Alberto Martínez ◽  
Ronnal Ortíz-Cuadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
South American ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Anthelmintic Effect

Abstract To investigate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria), a traditional medicinal plant used in Central America and the northern part of South America, extracts from the foliage of this plant were subjected to the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval exsheathment inhibition test (LEIT), against Haemonchus contortus. Four different extracts were evaluated: acetone-water (AW), methanol-water (MW), acetone-water-dichloromethane (AWD) and methanol-water-dichloromethane (MWD). The concentrations used for the EHT and LEIT tests ranged from 500 to 4000 µg mL-1 and six repetitions per concentration. The effective concentrations (EC50) were calculated using Probit analysis. The EC50 for EHT were 2947.0, 3347.0, 3959.6 and 4538.7 µg mL-1 for MWD, MW, AW and AWD, respectively. The EC50 for LEIT were 2883.4, 5927.4, 9876.3 and 9955.4 µg mL-1 for AWD, AW, MWD and MW, respectively. The methanol extracts were the most effective in inhibiting the hatching of eggs, while the acetone extracts showed efficacy in inhibiting larval exsheathment. This study explains the importance that C. coriaria has as a medicinal plant in Central and South American countries.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of ellagic acid derivatives from Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1080
Author(s):  
Malik Saadullah ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Abdul Sattar ◽  
Kanwal Rehman ◽  
Shahid Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Ellagic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Purpose: Isolation, characterisation and structure elucidation of compounds obtained from Conocarpus lancifolius and screening of their pharmacological effects in vitro.Methods: After collection, authentication and extraction from whole C. lancifolius plants, screening for secondary metabolites, thin-layer  chromatography and subsequent open column chromatography were performed for phytochemical analysis and subsequent purification of the compounds. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic (UV-visible, infrared and mass) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR including BB, DEPT-135, 90 and two-dimensional correlation techniques, including HMBC and HSQC). The cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of extracts and compounds obtained from C. lancifolius were evaluated using in vitro models.Results: Two ellagic acid derivatives, 2,3,8-tri-o-methylellagic acid (A) and 3-O-methylellagic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (B), were isolated. Both compounds (A and B) were cytotoxic in a variety of cancer cell lines, including murine lymphocytic leukaemia (P-388, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) =3.60 and 2.40 μg/mL, respectively), human colon cancer (Col-2, IC50 = 0.76 and 0.92 μg/mL, respectively) and human breast cancer (MCF-7, IC50 = 0.65 and 0.54 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, both compounds showed significant antioxidant potential in vitro.Conclusion: C. lancifolius extract and isolated ellagic acid derivatives (compounds A and B) possess cytotoxic and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest that C. lancifolius contains bioactive compounds that can be potentially developed as natural cytotoxic and antioxidant compounds. Keywords: Conocarpus lancifolius, Ellagic acid, Combretaceae, Cytotoxic activity, Antioxidant

scholarly journals Antiulcer Activity and Potential Mechanism of Action of the Leaves of Spondias mombin L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Alves Brito ◽  
Cynthia Layse Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Temístocles Italo de Santana ◽  
Alisson Rodrigo da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Jéssica Carla Bezerra do Nascimento Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chronic Ulcer ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Spondias Mombin ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Ulcer Model

Spondias mombin L. is used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation and gastrointestinal diseases. Our study investigated the antiulcer activity of S. mombin ethanolic extract (SmEE) and its majority compounds gallic acid (GA) and ellagic acid (EA). Phytochemical characterization was performed by HPLC. The SmEE was screened for in vitro antioxidant activities using phosphomolybdenum, ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. The antiulcer activity of SmEE, GA, EA, or GA + EA was evaluated by gastric lesion models induced by absolute ethanol and indomethacin. Following this, it is capable of stimulating mucus production, antisecretory capacity, and the influence of −SH groups and NO in the effect of SmEE. Its healing activity was demonstrated by acetic acid-induced chronic ulcer model. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was assessed by determining the MIC of the SmEE (64–1024 μg/mL). The HPLC results identified the presence of gallic acid and ellagic acid in SmEE. The extract showed antioxidant activity in vitro. SmEE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) reduced the area of ulcerative lesions induced by ethanol in 23.8, 90.3, and 90.2%, respectively. In NSAID model, the SmEE induced protection of 36.8, 49.4, and 49.9%, respectively. GA (10 mg/kg) or EA (7 mg/kg) or the association of GA + EA (10 + 7 mg/kg) inhibited the ethanol-induced lesions in 71.8, 70.9, and 94.9%, respectively, indicating synergistic action. SmEE (100 mg/kg) decreased acid secretion and H+ concentration in the gastric contents, increased levels of mucus, and showed to be dependent of −SH groups and NO on the protection of the gastric mucosa. In chronic ulcer model, SmEE reduced the gastric area lesion. SmEE showed anti-H. pylori activity. In conclusion, our study showed that SmEE has antiulcerogenic activity. GA and EA are isolated gastric protectors and, when associated, acted synergistically to protect the gastric mucosa.

scholarly journals Transport of Corilagin, Gallic Acid, and Ellagic Acid from Fructus Phyllanthi Tannin Fraction in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mao ◽  
Ling-Fang Wu ◽  
Hai-juan Zhao ◽  
Wen-Yi Liang ◽  
Wen-Jing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Proteins ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Glycoprotein P ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Apparent Permeability Coefficient

Objective. To investigate the absorption property of the representative hydrolyzable tannin, namely corilagin, and its hydrolysates gallic acid (GA) and ellagic acid (EA) from the Fructus Phyllanthi tannin fraction (PTF)in vitro.Methods. Caco-2 cells monolayer model was established. Influences of PTF on Caco-2 cells viability were detected with MTT assay. The transport across monolayers was examined for different time points, concentrations, and secretory directions. The inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs), organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) and sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), and tight junction modulators were used to study the transport mechanism. LC-MS method was employed to quantify the absorption concentration.Results. The apparent permeability coefficient(Papp)values of the three compounds were below 1.0 × 10−6 cm/s. The absorption of corilagin and GA were much lower than their efflux, and the uptake of both compounds was increased in the presence of inhibitors of P-gp and MRPs. The absorption of EA was decreased in the company of OATP and SGLT1 inhibitors. Moreover, the transport of corilagin, GA, and EA was enhanced by tight junction modulators.Conclusion. These observations indicated that the three compounds in PTF were transported via passive diffusion combined with protein mediated transport. P-gp and MRPs might get involved in the transport of corilagin and GA. The absorption of EA could be attributed to OATP and SGLT1 protein.

In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of fruits of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry - An important medicinal Plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Duraisamy Kayal Vizhi ◽  
◽  
Kokkaiah Irulandi ◽  
Palanichamy Mehalingam ◽  
Natarajan Nirmal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

The fruit of Syzygium aromaticum is an important medicinal plant was subjected to phytochemical screening and antimicrobial effect of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone extracts. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar well diffusion method against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The phytochemical analysis carried out revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, catechins, flavanoids, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, tannins and steroids in various solvent extracts. Methanol extract of S. aromaticum showed good antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staohylococcus aureus. It has been showed that the methanol extracts had wider range of activity on these organisms than the acetone and ethyl acetate extracts, which indicates that the methanol extracts of selected plants may contain the active components. The use of plant extracts with known antimicrobial properties can be of great significance in therapeutic treatments.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds Isolated and Identified from Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) Juice Powder and their Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Rose ◽  
Chunpeng Wan ◽  
Amber Thomas ◽  
Navindra P. Seeram ◽  
Hang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Potential Health

The edible fruit of Phyllanthus emblica (known as amla and Indian gooseberry) is widely used in Eastern traditional medicinal systems for a variety of ailments. Our group has previously reported that an amla juice powder shows neuroprotective effects in several in vitro and in vivo assay models but its chemical constituents and their neuroprotective activity remain unknown. Therefore, we conducted a phytochemical investigation of amla juice powder and evaluated the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of the isolates. Ten phenolics (1–10), including gallic acid (1), five gallic acid derivatives (2–6), ellagic acid (7), and three ellagic acid derivatives (8–10), were isolated and identified with compounds 8–10 being reported from amla for the first time. All of the isolates showed antioxidant effects in the DPPH assay with IC50 values ranging from 6-158.9 μM superior to the synthetic commercial antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (IC50 = 371.4 μM). In addition, compound 8 reduced β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model by increasing their survival rate by 28.3% compared to the control group. This study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the potential health benefits of amla and supports the functional food and nutraceutical applications of amla juice powder.

scholarly journals The Phytochemical Content and the In vitro Antifungal Properties of Senna alata (Linn.) Roxb.: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charisse Leanne B. Legaspi ◽  
Cecilia C. Maramba-Lazarte
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Senna Alata

Infections caused by invasive fungal species continue to rise due to various contributing factors including the changes in the environmental and weather conditions, lifestyle, the occurrence of natural disasters, and the weakened human immune system. Even though synthetic drugs effectively cure fungal diseases, their unwanted side effects, as well as the rapid rise in resistance, have compelled researchers to develop new antifungal agents. Several medicinal plants are folklorically known to have antifungal activities. Among the traditionally used antifungal herbal plants is Senna alata, commonly known as akapulko and ringworm bush. In the current review, phytochemical analysis and numerous non-clinical studies on akapulko have been performed and confirmed its activity against several fungi pathogenic to humans. Anthraquinone compounds seemed to be the major phytochemicals responsible for its antifungal activity. In the Philippines, clinical trials have also confirmed its utility as a topical agent in treating cutaneous fungal infections. Research gaps that need to be addressed include the determination of the exact molecular mechanisms of their fungal killing action.

scholarly journals Phytochemical evaluation and investigation of anti-Fungal activity of turnip top extracts

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Aarti Sangray ◽  
Ajeet Pal Singh ◽  
Amar Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

To evaluate the activity of Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts of leaves of against three fungal strains i.e. MTCC3814, and Candida tropicalis MTCC9038 in-vitro.Phytochemical analysis of belonging to family brassicacaea was examined using Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts. Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts of leaves of were investigated individually for antifungal activity by Agar well diffusion method. Both the extracts were tested against selected fungal strains i.e. and to find the inhibitory activities of fungal growth at the dose level of 50 and 100 μg/ml.The phytochemical analysis of ethanolic and aqueous extracts confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, glycosides, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, tannins, reducing suger, non-reducing suger and inorganic compounds such as calcium, magnesium, iron, carbonate & sulphates. Ethanolic extract of showed considerably high antifungal activities against selected microorganisms than aqueous extract.Although the active components were not isolated but antifungal active plant principles such as flavonoids, glycosides and tannins were observed in the extract. Ethanolic extract of possess effective antifungal properties for selected fungal strains i.e.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis and In vitro Anti-inflammatory effects of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin from radix sanguisorbae

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (46) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeun-Kyoo Shin ◽  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
Soo-Jin Jeong ◽  
Sae-Rom Yoo ◽  
Na-Ri Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
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