Nutritional Characteristics Assessment of Sunflower Seeds, Oil and Cake. Perspective of Using Sunflower Oilcakes as a Functional Ingredient

Ample amounts of by-products are generated from the oil industry. Among them, sunflower oilcakes have the potential to be used for human consumption, thus achieving the concept of sustainability and circular economy. The study assessed the nutritional composition of sunflower seeds, cold-pressed oil and the remaining press-cakes with the aim of its valorization as a food ingredient. Sunflower oil contains principally oleic (19.81%) and linoleic (64.35%) acids, which cannot be synthetized by humans and need to be assimilated through a diet. Sunflower seeds are very nutritive (33.85% proteins and 65.42% lipids and 18 mineral elements). Due to the rich content of lipids, they are principally used as a source of vegetable oil. Compared to seeds, sunflower oilcakes are richer in fibers (31.88% and 12.64% for samples in form of pellets and cake, respectively) and proteins (20.15% and 21.60%), with a balanced amino acids profile. The remaining oil (15.77% and 14.16%) is abundant in unsaturated fatty acids (95.59% and 92.12%). The comparison between the three products showed the presence of valuable components that makes them suitable for healthy diets with an adequate intake of nutrients and other bioactive compounds with benefic effects.

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Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Flour-Based Wheat Bread as Fortified Bakery Product

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10081558 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1558

Author(s):

Iulian Eugen Rusu ◽

Romina Alina Marc (Vlaic) ◽

Crina Carmen Mureşan ◽

Andruţa Elena Mureşan ◽

Vlad Mureşan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mineral Content ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

New Products ◽

Wheat Bread ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Nutritional Properties ◽

Bakery Product ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Yeasts And Molds

Hemp flour from Dacia Secuieni and Zenit varieties was added to bread in different proportions (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) to improve its nutritional properties. The purpose of this paper was to present the advanced nutritional characteristics of these bread samples. The selected varieties of hemp, accepted for human consumption, met the requirements for the maximum accepted level of THC in seeds. The protein content of new products increased from 8.76 to 11.48%, lipids increased from 0.59 to 5.41%, mineral content from 1.33 to 1.62%, and fiber content from 1.17 to 5.84%. Elasticity and porosity decreased from 95.51 to 80% and 78.65 to 72.24%, respectively. K, Mg, Ca, P, Mn and Fe are the main mineral substances in bread with addition of hemp flour from the Dacia Secuieni and Zenit varieties. The total amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the bread samples with hemp flour ranged from 67.93 g/100 g and 69.82 g/100 g. Eight amino acids were identified, of which three were essential (lysine, phenylalanine, histidine). Lysine, the deficient amino acid in wheat bread, increased from 0.003 to 0.101 g/100 g. Sucrose and fructose decreased with the addition of hemp flour, and glucose has not been identified. The amount of yeasts and molds decreased in the first 3 days of storage. Regarding the textural profile, the best results were obtained for the samples with 5% addition. In conclusion, bread with the addition of hemp flour has been shown to have superior nutritional properties to wheat bread.

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Current Knowledge on Interspecific Hybrid Palm Oils as Food and Food Ingredient

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9050631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 631

Author(s):

Massimo Mozzon ◽

Roberta Foligni ◽

Cinzia Mannozzi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Fats And Oils ◽

Crude Oils ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Food Ingredient ◽

Elaeis Oleifera ◽

Total Fatty Acids

The consumers’ opinion concerning conventional palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil is negatively affected by environmental and nutritional issues. However, oils extracted from drupes of interspecific hybrids Elaeis oleifera × E. guineensis are getting more and more interest, due to their chemical and nutritional properties. Unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) are the most abundant constituents (60%–80% of total fatty acids) of hybrid palm oil (HPO) and are mainly acylated in position sn-2 of the glycerol backbone. Carotenes and tocotrienols are the most interesting components of the unsaponifiable matter, even if their amount in crude oils varies greatly. The Codex Committee on Fats and Oils recently provided HPO the “dignity” of codified fat substance for human consumption and defined the physical and chemical parameters for genuine crude oils. However, only few researches have been conducted to date on the functional and technological properties of HPO, thus limiting its utilization in food industry. Recent studies on the nutritional effects of HPO softened the initial enthusiasm about the “tropical equivalent of olive oil”, suggesting that the overconsumption of HPO in the most-consumed processed foods should be carefully monitored.

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Proximate and Mineral Elements Composition of Three Forest Fruits Sold in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i11.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1899-1908

Author(s):

AT Oladele ◽

EAU Ofodile ◽

BT Udi ◽

GO Alade

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Trace Metals ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Human Consumption ◽

High Concentration ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Excessive Consumption ◽

Healthy Growth

This study aimed to assess the nutritional and trace elements composition of selected forest fruits sold for human consumption in Port Harcourt. Fruit contamination by heavy metals is an issue of global concern. Nondegradable elements bioaccumulations in tissues and organs have deleterious effects in man. Three (3) Agroforestry fruits species; (Spondias cytherea L. (Anacardiaceae), Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry Myrtaceae and Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. Malvaceae) were purposefully selected and sourced from three strategically located markets namely; Oil mill, Choba and D/line fruit markets. The fruit species were procured and washed with distilled water and the edible parts extracted, chopped and sun dried properly. The nutritional composition was analyzed using 18th edition of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist while trace metals were analysed using PIXE Accelerator. Spondias cytherea yielded high percentage of crude Protein (8.373±0.1) and Fibre content (11.73±0.03), while Syzygium malaccense was rich in Fat (7.17±0.02) and Ash (4.17±0.04). Moisture content was highest in Cola parchycarpa (12.63±0.05). PIXE Accelerator analysis revealed that the fruits contain high concentration of trace metals; S. malaccense contained Mg (1170±237.0ppm), Si (60.02±68.95ppm), Al (14.89±7.71ppm), Fe (10. 60±4.11ppm), Rb (3.20±0.00ppm) and Ti (1.82±0.00ppm). C. parchycarpa had Zn (6.22±11.80ppm), Cr (1.60±0.75 ppm), Mn (0. 71±0.87ppm) and Cu (0.38±0.33ppm). Ni (0.16 ppm) was found only in S. cytherea fruit. The forest fruits are rich in nutrients vital for healthy growth but the level of heavy metals (Mg, Al. Cr, Fe and Zn) in each of the fruits were above WHO/FAO permissible limit, therefore excessive consumption on a daily/weekly routine should be avoided. Keywords: Forest fruits, proximate, heavy metals, human health

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Nutritional and Functional Evaluation of Inula crithmoides and Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum Grown in Different Salinities for Human Consumption

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26154543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (15) ◽

pp. 4543

Author(s):

Alexandre Lima ◽

Florinda Gama ◽

Viana Castañeda-Loaiza ◽

Camila Costa ◽

Lisa M. Schüler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Vitamin B1 ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Functional Evaluation ◽

Cultivation System ◽

Safe Production ◽

Soilless Cultivation ◽

Relative Productivity ◽

Β Carotene

The nutritional composition and productivity of halophytes is strongly related to the biotic/abiotic stress to which these extremophile salt tolerant plants are subjected during their cultivation cycle. In this study, two commercial halophyte species (Inula crithmoides and Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) were cultivated at six levels of salinity using a soilless cultivation system. In this way, it was possible to understand the response mechanisms of these halophytes to salt stress. The relative productivity decreased from the salinities of 110 and 200 mmol L−1 upwards for I. crithmoides and M. nodiflorum, respectively. Nonetheless, the nutritional profile for human consumption remained balanced. In general, I. crithmoides vitamin (B1 and B6) contents were significantly higher than those of M. nodiflorum. For both species, β-carotene and lutein were induced by salinity, possibly as a response to oxidative stress. Phenolic compounds were more abundant in plants cultivated at lower salinities, while the antioxidant activity increased as a response to salt stress. Sensory characteristics were evaluated by a panel of culinary chefs showing a preference for plants grown at the salt concentration of 350 mmol L−1. In summary, salinity stress was effective in boosting important nutritional components in these species, and the soilless system promotes the sustainable and safe production of halophyte plants for human consumption.

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Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Rapid Tool to Qualitatively Predict the Effects of Species, Regions and Roasting on the Nutritional Composition of Australian Acacia Seed Species

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26071879 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 1879

Author(s):

Oladipupo Q. Adiamo ◽

Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽

Daniel Cozzolino

Keyword(s):

Principal Component ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Mir Spectroscopy ◽

As Species ◽

Before And After ◽

Mir Spectra ◽

Main Components ◽

Rapid Tool

In recent times, the popularity of adding value to under-utilized legumes have increased to enhance their use for human consumption. Acacia seed (AS) is an underutilized legume with over 40 edible species found in Australia. The study aimed to qualitatively characterize the chemical composition of 14 common edible AS species from 27 regions in Australia using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy as a rapid tool. Raw and roasted (180 °C, 5, 7, and 9 min) AS flour were analysed using MIR spectroscopy. The wavenumbers (1045 cm−1, 1641 cm−1, and 2852–2926 cm−1) in the MIR spectra show the main components in the AS samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the MIR data displayed the clustering of samples according to species and roasting treatment. However, regional differences within the same AS species have less of an effect on the components, as shown in the PCA plot. Statistical analysis of absorbance at specific wavenumbers showed that roasting significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the compositions of some of the AS species. The results provided a foundation for hypothesizing the compositional similarity and/or differences among AS species before and after roasting.

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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHOLE GRAINS IN COMMON BEANS LANDRACES AND BREEDING GENOTYPES

HOLOS - ISSN 1807-1600 ◽

10.15628/holos.2015.1996 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gilberto Antonio Peripolli Bevilaqua ◽

Iraja Ferreira Antunes

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Composition ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

The Common ◽

Iron Manganese ◽

Insoluble Fiber

The common bean has been object of breeding programs aiming the development of new cultivars adapted to varied production system and shown differentiated nutritional characteristics. Due a genetic diversity existent the landraces can be used directly for cropping, for present characteristics desirable. Little information exists about mineral content and other quality traits for those bean landraces. The aim of this paper was to verify the variability for grain nutricional caracters in breeding cultivars and landraces of bean from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2009/2010 in Experimental Station Cascata, of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. In whole grain of 54 bean genotypes with black and no black coat were determined macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium and sulfur), oligoelements (iron, manganese, zinc and cuprum), protein and ash content, insoluble fiber, digestive nutrient and antioxidant astragalina. The results shown that the landraces varieties presents nutritional composition of macro and oligoelements, fibers, protein and ash contents in whole grain similar than that of breeding lines and cultivars. The black coat grain from breeding programs showed better nutritional quality for macro and oligoelements content than coloured grain, highlighting TB 02-04 e TB 01-01. The landraces with coloured grains TB 02-26, TB 02-24 and TB 03-13 showed the high levels of astragaline.

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Physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acids composition of seeds oil isolated from Camelina sativa (L) cultivated in Mongolia

Mongolian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.5564/mjc.v14i0.205 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 80-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B Chantsalnyam ◽

Ch Otgonbayar ◽

O Enkhtungalag ◽

P Odonmajig

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Camelina Sativa ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

Fatty Acids Composition ◽

Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical

Camelina sativa L is a cruciferous oilseed plant. This plant is cultivated as an oilseed crop mainly in Europe and in North America and over the past years the cultivation has arranged in our country. The analyzed oil is obtained from the seeds of Camelina sativa L, growing in Bornuur, Tuv province. The goal of this study was to determine the physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acids composition of Camelina sativa L seed oil cultivated in Mongolia. According to our analysis total lipid was determined 38.52 %, moisture 4.80 % and total mineral elements 4.02 %, respectively. Mineral elements in Camelina sativa L seeds contain calcium (0.56 %), phosphorous (1.22 %), potassium (1.39 %), magnesium (0.53 %) in dominated amounts; iron, zinc, manganese and copper in trace amounts. Eight nonessential amino acids in seeds of this plant with total amount of 75.9 % were identified; phenylalanine was detected in highest amount among the all identified amino acids, while lysine, tryptophan and arginine are followed. The following characteristics in Camelina sativa seeds oil were determined. The refractive index was 1.4774 at 20°C, the peroxide value of fresh oil was 0.03 meq H2O2 /kg, saponification value 185.8 mg KOH/g, iodine value 143.33 g J2 and acidic value 6.27 mg KOH /g. Carotenoid was determined as 16.77 mg %, by spectrometry in Camelina sativa seeds oil. The analysis of fatty acids composition showed that there are 12.5 % saturated and 87.5 % unsaturated fatty acids. In particular, oleic acid (C18:1) 14.0 %, linoleic acid (C18:2) 9.0 %, α-linolenic acid (C18:3) 10.5 % and gondoic acid (C20:1) 32.8 %, were composed the major part of unsaturated fatty acids. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.205 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p80-83

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NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION AND LIPID CONTENT OF SKIN AND MUSCLE OF WILD GIANT MOTTLE EELS ANGUILLA MARMORATA IN THUA THIEN HUE, VIETNAM

HUE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT ◽

10.26459/hueunijard.v129i3c.5848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 129 (3C) ◽

Author(s):

Kieu Thi Huyen ◽

Nguyen Quang Linh

Keyword(s):

Lipid Content ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Fish Skin ◽

Total Sugar Content ◽

Fish Meat ◽

Anguilla Marmorata ◽

Nutritional Components

In Vietnam, the giant mottle eel Anguilla marmorata is the most widely distributed species and being exploited for seed in aquaculture as well as for human consumption. This study aims to investigate the basic nutritional components of the fish. The eels were collected from six locations of Thua Thien Hue province, with weights from 5 to 3200 g. In addition, the content of lipid in skin and tissue was also examined. The results show that eel flesh has a relatively high nutritional value. The water, protein, lipid, and total sugar content of the fish meat is 60.4 ± 0.94%, 19.54 ± 4.31%, 18.2 ± 1.02%, and 1.34 ± 0.34 (mg/g), respectively. The nutritional components of the eel have a good correlation with the weight according to the equation: Y = a × ln (W) + b (where W is the weight of eels; Y is the content of nutritional components; a is the correlation coefficient b is a constant) with r > 0.9. The lipid content of the fish skin is higher than that of muscle and meat.

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Genotypic Variation of Mineral Elements and Phytate Levels of Thirty Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Varieties Cultivated in Burkina Faso

Journal of Food Chemistry and Nutrition ◽

10.33687/jfcn.006.01.2343 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

Pierre A.E.D. Sombie ◽

Ibrahim Ouedraogo ◽

Jean Baptiste D.L.S. Tignegré ◽

Adama Hilou ◽

Tinga J. Ouedraogo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Staple Food ◽

Phytate Content

Cowpea is consumed as a staple food in many developing countries. The present study was undertaken to determine the variation in mineral elements and phytate concentrations in 30 cowpeas seeds varieties consumed in Burkina Faso. The composition of the thirty cowpeas seeds in total mineral varies from 5.08 % ± 0.00 to 3.55 % ± 0.08. The genotype CR06-07 showed the high content of total mineral (ashes) and the genotype Kondesyoungo local, the low content of ashes. IT81D-994 showed the high content of iron (7.07 ± 0.057 mg/100g of seeds dw), zinc (4.42 ± 0.012 mg/100 g of seeds dw), magnesium (239.80 ± 1.192 mg/100 g of seeds dw), calcium (123.39 ± 2.31 mg /100 g of seeds dw) and potassium (1201.97 ± 25.66 mg/100 g of seeds dw). Na and Se levels in the seeds showed about 4.5-fold and 7.6-fold variations between the cowpeas varieties. The genotype komcallé showed the high content of sodium (5.45 ± 0.20 mg/100 g of seeds dw) and the genotype KVx 414-22-2 had the high content of selenium (0.006 ± 0.0002 mg/100 g of seeds dw). The phytate content of the cowpeas genotypes varied from 555.61 ± 7.48 for TVU 14676 to 13.50 ± 1.14 mg/100 g of seeds dw for KVx 30-309-6G. The [Phy]/[Fe], [Phy]/[Zn], [Phy]/[Ca] and [Phy] x [Ca]/[Zn] ratios showed that the phytate content might compromise the Fe, Zn and Ca bioavailability in some cowpeas varieties. This study indicates that the cowpeas varieties might be considered as mineral source suitable for animal and human consumption.

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Myrtus communis Liquor Byproduct as a Source of Bioactive Compounds

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8070237 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 237 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Correddu ◽

Maldini ◽

Addis ◽

Petretto ◽

Palomba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Lipid Fraction ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Myrtus Communis ◽

Food Ingredient

The fatty acid (FA), polyphenol content and evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of exhausted Myrtus communis berries (EMB) resulting from the production of myrtle liqueur were assessed. All parts of the exhausted berries exhibited high concentrations of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and phenolic compounds. The lipid fraction contained a high amount of poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mainly represented by linoleic acid (>70%). Of the phenolic acids evaluated by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, ellagic acid was the most predominant (>50%), followed by gallic and quinic acids. Quercetin and quercetin3-O-rhamnoside were the most abundant flavonoids. The seed extracts showed a higher antioxidant potential than the pericarp extracts; the same trend was observed for total phenolic compounds evaluated by spectrophotometric assay. The overall high content of bioactive compounds and the high antioxidant potential of this byproduct sustain its suitability for a number of industrial applications, such as a food ingredient in novel foods, an additive in cosmetic formulations or a component of animal feed formulations.

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