scholarly journals Comparison between the Biological Active Compounds in Plants with Adaptogenic Properties (Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus and Panax ginseng)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Velislava Todorova ◽  
Kalin Ivanov ◽  
Stanislava Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽  
Lepidium Meyenii ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides ◽  
Plant Adaptogens ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: In the 1960s, research into plant adaptogens began. Plants with adaptogenic properties have rich phytochemical compositions and have been used by humanity since ancient times. However, it is not still clear whether the adaptogenic properties are because of specific compounds or because of the whole plant extracts. The aim of this review is to compare the bioactive compounds in the different parts of these plants. Methods: The search strategy was based on studies related to the isolation of bioactive compounds from Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results: This review includes data from 259 articles. The phytochemicals isolated from Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng were described and classified in several categories. Conclusions: Plant species have always played an important role in drug discovery because their effectiveness is based on the hundreds of years of experience with folk medicine in different nations. In our view, there is great potential in the near future for some of the phytochemicals found in these plants species to become pharmaceutical agents.

Synergistic Antitumor Effect of 5-Fluorouracil Combined with Constituents from Pleurospermum lindleyanum in Hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Feng Zhu ◽  
Xiao-Jin Li ◽  
Zhong-Lian Cao ◽  
Xiu-Jie Liu ◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Background: A Chinese folk medicine plant Pleurospermum lindleyanum possesses pharmacological activities of heat-clearing, detoxifying and preventing from hepatopathy, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and high altitude sickness. We isolated and characterized its constituents to investigate its synergistic effects against human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the synergistic anti-cancer activities of isolates from P. lindleyanum with 5-FU on hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and their primary mechanisms. Methods: Sequential chromatographic techniques were conducted for the isolation studies. The isolates structures were established by spectroscopic analysis as well as X-ray crystallographic diffraction. Growth inhibition was detected by MTT assay. The isobologram method was used to assess the effect of drug combinations. Flow cytometry and western blot were used to examine apoptosis and protein expression. Results: A new coumarin (16), along with sixteen known compounds, were isolated from the whole plant of P. lindleyanum and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Four coumarins (2, 3, 5, and 16), two flavonoids (8 and 9) and three phytosterols and triterpenes (12-14) were found to synergistically enhance the inhibitory effect of 5-FU against SMMC-7721 cells. Among them, compounds 3 and 16 exhibited the best synergistic effects with IC50 of 5-FU reduced by 16-fold and 22-fold possessing the minimum Combination Index (CI) 0.34 and 0.27. The mechanism of action of combinations might be through synergistic arresting for the cell cycle at G1 phases and the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, western blotting and molecular docking revealed that compounds 3 or 5 might promote 5-FU-induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of Caspase 9 and PARP. Conclusion: Constituents from P. lindleyanum may improve the treatment effectiveness of 5-FU against hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

scholarly journals Medication in AN: A Multidisciplinary Overview of Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Blanchet ◽  
Sébastien Guillaume ◽  
Flora Bat-Pitault ◽  
Marie-Emilie Carles ◽  
Julia Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Nutritional Complications

Drugs are widely prescribed for anorexia nervosa in the nutritional, somatic, and psychiatric fields. There is no systematic overview in the literature, which simultaneously covers all these types of medication. The main aims of this paper are (1) to offer clinicians an overview of the evidence-based data in the literature concerning the medication (psychotropic drugs and medication for somatic and nutritional complications) in the field of anorexia nervosa since the 1960s, (2) to draw practical conclusions for everyday practise and future research. Searches were performed on three online databases, namely MEDLINE, Epistemonikos and Web of Science. Papers published between September 2011 and January 2019 were considered. Evidence-based data were identified from meta-analyses, if there were none, from systematic reviews, and otherwise from trials (randomized or if not open-label studies). Evidence-based results are scarce. No psychotropic medication has proved efficacious in terms of weight gain, and there is only weak data suggesting it can alleviate certain psychiatric symptoms. Concerning nutritional and somatic conditions, while there is no specific, approved medication, it seems essential not to neglect the interest of innovative therapeutic strategies to treat multi-organic comorbidities. In the final section we discuss how to use these medications in the overall approach to the treatment of anorexia nervosa.

scholarly journals Spasmolytic Action of Preparations and Compounds from Hofmeisteria schaffneri

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Araceli Pérez-Vásquez ◽  
Guadalupe Ángeles-López ◽  
Isabel Rivero Cruz ◽  
Laura Flores-Bocanegra ◽  
Edelmira Linares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Relaxant Effect ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Spasmolytic Action ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
The Common ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxant

Hofmeisteria schaffneri is used in Mexican folk medicine for treating painful gastric complaints. Therefore, in this paper the smooth muscle relaxant effect of the essential oil, and an infusion of the whole plant were evaluated using the gastrointestinal transit test in mice. The results revealed that both preparations at 316 mg/kg inhibited gastrointestinal transit by 47.5 and 52.1%, respectively. The common component of the infusion and essential oil was 8,9-epoxy-10-acetoxythymol angelate (2), which inhibited the gastrointestinal transit by 53.4% at a dose of 31.6 mg/kg. An HPLC-UV method was developed and validated to quantify 2. The chromatographic conditions were: A LiChrospher® 100 RP-18 column (250 × 4 mm i.d., 5 μm) with a mobile phase composed of CH3CN-H2O, in a gradient run at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min, using a wavelength of 215 nm. The method was linear, precise, accurate, and showed excellent recovery. According to the results, compound 2 can be used as a marker for the quality control procedures of the crude drug of H. schaffneri.

Ethnobotanical Uses of Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Herniated Disc in Turkish Traditional Medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
Mustafa Eray Bozyel ◽  
Elif Merdamert Bozyel ◽  
Kerem Canli
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Secondary Substances ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

Humans have known the therapeutic properties and plant origin poisons of many plant species since ancient times. Ancient people who had no real and scientific knowledge on diseases and treatments tried to find solutions to these problems by the opportunities they had and the theories they could produce. Plants are the most important source of traditional folk medicine. People around the world have benefited from plants grown in their environment for this purpose. In these drugs, whole plant or various plant organs or secondary substances were used. Over the years, several therapies have emerged to treat herniated disc, ranging from conservative treatment to minimally invasive and percutaneous techniques to open surgical methods. This chapter examines the recent studies to form a compilation on ethnobotanical uses of medicinal plants for the treatment of herniated disc and their local names, parts, and usage forms in Turkish traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Antidiarrheal Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Melochia corchorifolia L. and Glochidion thomsonii in Experimental Animal Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Jannatul Ferdousi ◽  
Md Jahir Alam ◽  
Tasmina Rahman ◽  
Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Gi Motility

Diarrhoea is a public health problem in developing countries. It is therefore important to identify plants with antidiarrhoeal activity. Melochia corchorifolia and Glochidion thomsonii have been used in folk medicine to alleviate several diseases. The present study was performed to investigate the anti-diarrheal properties of ethanolic extract of M. corchorifolia whole plant and G. thomsonii bark. Anti-diarrheal potential was evaluated using castor oil and MgSO4 induced diarrhea, GI motility test as well as castor oil induced enteropooling assay in mice. Extracts were used at 250 and 500 mg/kg per orally. Loperamide (10 mg/kg p.o) was used as standard drug. The ethanolic crude extracts exhibited statistically significant and dose-dependent (250 and 500 mg/kg) anti-diarrheal effect against the total number of episodes of defecation as well as diarrheal feces. In animals pretreated with MC and GT extract showed 42.53% (p<0.05) and 53.13% (p<0.001) protection at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 89.40% (p<0.001)and 57.47% (p<0.001) protection at 500 mg/kg against castor oil induced diarrhea. The MC extract at 500 mg/kg exhibited significant (p<0.05) inhibition of diarrhea (51.04%) in MgSO4 induced diarrhea. In BaSO4 induced GI motility test both the extracts inhibited GI motility and GT at 500 mg/kg dose 38.77% which was highly significant (p<0.01). In the Castor oil induced enteropooling assay MC 250 and 500 mg/kg and GT 250 and 500 mg/kg reduced the intestinal fluid accumulation by 27.42% and 48.39% (p<0.01) and 38.71% (p<0.05) and 51.61% (p<0.01), respectively. The results suggested that both the extracts possessed significant antidiarrhoeal properties which was comparable with standard drug, loperamide and further studies are required to evaluate these effects and the potential of the plant. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(2): 192-199, 2019

Effect of Panax Ginseng Saponins and Eleutherococcus Senticosus on Survival of Cultured Mammalian Cells After Ionizing Radiation

1981 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Ben-Hur ◽  
Stephen Fulder
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Radiation Resistance ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Ginseng Saponin

Panax ginseng saponins and Eleutherococcus senticosus extract were applied to cells in culture in order to assess the effect of these substances on resistance to γ-irradiation. Eleutherococcus was slightly radio protective. However, ginseng saponin at a dose of 10 μg/ml was significantly radio-protective (Do = 2.25 Gy) compared to control (Do = 1.80 Gy) when it was present prior to γ-irradiation (Do = 1.10 Gy). Ginseng-treated cells made 30% less RNA and 14% more protein during a 1 hour pulse of labeled intermediates. The cells were morphologically altered. It is concluded that ginseng saponin can increased radiation resistance. The effect is indirect, due to alterations in cell physiology rather that DNA repair processes.

scholarly journals Determination of Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity in Flowers and Stems of Rumex Tunetanus Using RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouda Abidi ◽  
Sonda Ammar ◽  
Mohamed Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Negative Ionization Mode ◽  
Negative Ionization

The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive compound in Rumextunetanus extracts (polygonaceae), a plant growing in Gar&acirc;aSejnane region (NW-Tunisia). Hydro-methanol extracts of flowers and stems of Rumextunetanus were analyzed by RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in the negative mode to identify the maximum of bioactive compounds. Applied the aforementioned method, a total of 60 bioactive compounds were characterized for the first time in Rumextunetanus between them, 18 photochemical were firstly identified in the Polygonaceae family in negative ionization mode. Quantification of the identified compounds revealed that quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and (-)-epicatechingallate were the most abundant phenolic compounds in flowers and stems, respectively. Moreover, positive correlations were found between the antioxidant activity measured by DPPH and FRAP assays with the total phenolic compounds (r = 0.98; r = 0.99, respectively) and the abundance of some phenolic subfamilies such as hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, flavonols and flavones with r &gt; 0.86. The compounds displaying significant (P &lt; 0.01) and good correlations with the antioxidant activity (r &gt; 0.93) were hydroxybenzoic acid, rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin and luteolin-7-O-rutinoside. In addition, the flowers and stems of Rumex tunetanus showed different bioactive compound profiles and significant antioxidant properties of extracts. These results highlight the potential of the RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and MS/MS system to identify untargeted metabolic profiling of Rumex tunetanus. Overall, these results contribute to the clear explanation of the past and current usage of genus Rumex in folk medicine. Future investigations are necessary to develop purified antioxidant extracts, with the application of more selective extraction techniques.

scholarly journals Plant Adaptogens—History and Future Perspectives

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2861
Author(s):  
Velislava Todorova ◽  
Kalin Ivanov ◽  
Cédric Delattre ◽  
Vanya Nalbantova ◽  
Diana Karcheva-Bahchevanska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides ◽  
Plant Adaptogens ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Rich History

Adaptogens are synthetic compounds (bromantane, levamisole, aphobazole, bemethyl, etc.) or plant extracts that have the ability to enhance the body’s stability against physical loads without increasing oxygen consumption. Extracts from Panax ginseng, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rhaponticum carthamoides, Rhodiola rosea, and Schisandra chinensis are considered to be naturally occurring adaptogens and, in particular, plant adaptogens. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of plant adaptogens in the past and now, as well as to outline the prospects of their future applications. The use of natural adaptogens by humans has a rich history—they are used in recovery from illness, physical weakness, memory impairment, and other conditions. About 50 years ago, plant adaptogens were first used in professional sports due to their high potential to increase the body’s resistance to stress and to improve physical endurance. Although now many people take plant adaptogens, the clinical trials on human are limited. The data from the meta-analysis showed that plant adaptogens could provide a number of benefits in the treatment of chronic fatigue, cognitive impairment, and immune protection. In the future, there is great potential to register medicinal products that contain plant adaptogens for therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Clinical Trials of Rhodiola rosea in Tomsk in the Late Soviet Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 814-825
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Vasilyev ◽  
◽  
Olga I. Zvonareva ◽  
Alexander N. Petrenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
Study Participants

Rhodiola rosea is a Siberian medicinal plant possessing qualities of a central nervous system stimulant that has been traditionally used in the folk medicine of the indigenous peoples in Siberia. Between the 1960s and the 1980s, the plant had been intensively studied in the scientific laboratories of Tomsk. The study of physicochemical properties of the plant and its effects on humans was initially carried out in the Tomsk Medical Institute (TMI) by a large research group headed by A. S. Saratikov and E.A.Krasnov. Following a series of animal studies in the early 1960s, Saratikov started to enlist human volunteers from TMI students and stuff and examine the effects of the plant on concentration and auto-suggestion. These trials were later expanded, and a number of medical institutions in Tomsk incorporated them into their research programs, seemingly hailing Rhodiola rosea as a potential all-curing miracle drug for the overworked and stressed modern self. (Interestingly enough, there has recently been a renewed interest in the plant in the West that has corroborated a number of Soviet findings). At the same time, research into the history of Rhodiola rosea trials also highlights both numerous ethically problematic issues in the treatment of research participants as well as unexpected divergences from the officially prescribed Soviet clinical trials practices. Using examples from a large number of published scientific studies and corroborating them with materials from oral history interviews with researchers and study participants, this paper explores the local idiosyncrasies that shaped Soviet clinical trials on the ground.

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