scholarly journals Variation in Seed Metabolites between Two Indica Rice Accessions Differing in Seed Longevity

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1237
Author(s):  
Jae-Sung Lee ◽  
Fiona R. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Triple Quadrupole ◽  
Sequence Database ◽  
Metabolite Analysis ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Genome Sequence Database ◽  
Allelic Differences

For a better understanding of germination after seed storage, metabolite profiling was conducted using hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry. After moisture content (MC) equilibration, seeds of “WAS170” (short-lived) and “IR65483” (long-lived) were stored at 10.9% MC and 45 °C. Samples for metabolite analysis were taken after 0 and 20 days of storage. Among 288 metabolites, two flavonoids (kaempferide and quercetin-3-arabinoside), one amino acid (S-sulfocysteine) and one sugar (D-glucose) increased in “IR65483” seeds after storage but were not detected in “WAS170” seeds. Based on the genome sequence database, we identified clear allelic differences with non-synonymous mutations on the six flavonol synthase genes regulating the accumulation of kaempferol- and quercetin-metabolites. On the other hand, two metabolites (thiamine monophosphate and harmaline) increased in short-lived seeds after storage; these metabolites could be potential biochemical indicators of seed deterioration.

scholarly journals FarRRegulates the farAB-Encoded Efflux Pump of Neisseriagonorrhoeae via an MtrR RegulatoryMechanism

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (24) ◽  
pp. 7145-7152 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.-H. Lee ◽  
C. Rouquette-Loughlin ◽  
J. P. Folster ◽  
W. M. Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Transcriptional Repressors ◽  
Sequence Database ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Regulatory Cascade ◽  
Genome Sequence Database ◽  
Gel Mobility Shift

ABSTRACT The farAB operon of Neisseria gonorrhoeae encodes an efflux pump which mediates gonococcal resistance to antibacterial fatty acids. It was previously observed that expression of the farAB operon was positively regulated by MtrR, which is a repressor of the mtrCDE-encoded efflux pump system (E.-H. Lee and W. M. Shafer, Mol. Microbiol. 33:839-845, 1999). This regulation was believed to be indirect since MtrR did not bind to the farAB promoter. In this study, computer analysis of the gonococcal genome sequence database, lacZ reporter fusions, and gel mobility shift assays were used to elucidate the regulatory mechanism by which expression of the farAB operon is modulated by MtrR in gonococci. We identified a regulatory protein belonging to the MarR family of transcriptional repressors and found that it negatively controls expression of farAB by directly binding to the farAB promoter. We designated this regulator FarR to signify its role in regulating the farAB operon. We found that MtrR binds to the farR promoter, thereby repressing farR expression. Hence, MtrR regulates farAB in a positive fashion by modulating farR expression. This MtrR regulatory cascade seems to play an important role in adjusting levels of the FarAB and MtrCDE efflux pumps to prevent their excess expression in gonococci.

scholarly journals Histochemistry of backcross 1 of oil palm seeds at different storage periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ernayunita Ernayunita ◽  
Taryono Taryono ◽  
Prapto Yudono
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Endosperm Tissue ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Food Reserves

Oil palm backcross 1 is the result of the crossing between E. oleifera and E. guineensis, followed by backcrossing to one of its parents. It has several advantages, including slow height growth and good oil quality, thereby having the potential to be developed. However, it also has a short seed shelf life, which might be inherited from E. oleifera that has relatively quick seed deterioration. This is problem to the breeding program, and there have not been many studies on the seed deterioration process. A histological examination can determine the composition of food reserves in seed endosperm tissue. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the histochemistry of seeds concerning the process of seed deterioration. Histochemical tests with Sudan III, Milon, and IKI reagents were used as histochemical tests of fat, protein and carbohydrate seed content with different seed storage periods, i.e. 4, 3, 2, and less than 1 year. The result showed that the fat content decreased during the storage periods. Based on carbohydrates and proteins staining, there were only very few substances , which were difficult to distinguish among the storage periods, so that this analysis could not be used as the determining indicator of seed deterioration. The fat content was a determining factor of seed deterioration and quality. The oil palm seed storage up to 3-4 years led to the reduction in the fat content in significant quantities compared to the fresh seeds stored less than 1 year as they still contained a lot of fat in the cell.

scholarly journals Mapping Coeliac Toxic Motifs in the Prolamin Seed Storage Proteins of Barley, Rye, and Oats Using a Curated Sequence Database

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Daly ◽  
Sophie N. Bromilow ◽  
Chiara Nitride ◽  
Peter R. Shewry ◽  
Lee A. Gethings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Sequence Database

scholarly journals Genome Sequence Resource of “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” strain Myan16 from Myanmar

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqin Zheng ◽  
jun guo ◽  
Xiaoling Deng ◽  
Zheng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Sequence Database ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Genome Sequence Database ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Citrus Huanglongbing ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” (CaLas), an uncultured α-proteobacterium, is associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease), a destructive disease threatening citrus production worldwide. Here, we reported the draft genome sequence of CaLas strain Myan16 from a HLB-affected lime tree in Myitkyina, Kachin State, Myanmar. The strain Myan16 genome is 1,229,102 bp with an average G+C content of 36.4%, along with a circular prophage: P-Myan16-2 (36,303 bp, Type 2). This is the first genome sequence of CaLas strain from Myanmar, which will enrich the current CaLas genome sequence database and facilitate HLB epidemiology research in Asia and world.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Four Varieties of Germinating Thai Colored Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Metabolite Profiling

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Kriskamol Na Jom ◽  
Yaowapa Lorjaroenphon ◽  
Pathima Udompijitkul
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Indica Rice

scholarly journals The Genome Sequence DataBase: towards an integrated functional genomics resource

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Skupski ◽  
M. Booker ◽  
A. Farmer ◽  
M. Harpold ◽  
W. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Sequence Database ◽  
Genome Sequence Database

scholarly journals High Drying Temperature Accelerates Sunflower Seed Deterioration by Regulating the Fatty Acid Metabolism, Glycometabolism, and Abscisic Acid/Gibberellin Balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutao Huang ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Huaping Wu ◽  
Tiyuan Zhao ◽  
Pin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Seed Deterioration

Sunflower seed storage is accompanied by the loss of seed vigor. Seed drying is a key link between seed harvest and seed storage; however, to date, the effect of seed drying on sunflower seed deterioration during storage remains unclear. The present study performed hot air drying for sunflower seeds with an initial moisture content of 30% to examine the manner in which drying temperature (35, 40, 45, 50, and 55°C) affects the drying performance and seed vigor following storage process (6 and 12 months). A drying temperature of 40°C was evidently safe for sunflower seeds, whereas the high drying temperatures (HTD, 45, 50, and 55°C) significantly lowered sunflower seed vigor by regulating the fatty acid metabolism, glycometabolism, and abscisic acid (ABA)/gibberellin (GA) balance. HDT significantly increased the seed damage rate and accelerated sunflower seed deterioration during natural and artificial aging process. Further biochemical analysis indicated that HDT significantly increased lipoxygenase and dioxygenase activities, leading to malonaldehyde and reactive oxygen species over-accumulation during storage. During early seed germination, HDT significantly inhibited fatty acid hydrolysis and glycometabolism by decreasing triacylglycerol lipase, CoA-SH oxidase, and invertase activities. Moreover, HDT remarkably increased ABA levels but reduced GA levels by regulating gene expressions and metabolic enzyme activities during early imbibitions. Cumulatively, the seed drying effect on sunflower seed vigor deterioration during the storage process may be strongly related to fatty acid oxidation and hydrolysis metabolism, toxic substance accumulation, and ABA/GA balance.

scholarly journals Using Seed Volatiles as a Possible Indicator for Seed Deterioration during Storage

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 526D-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Eric E. Roos
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Moisture Conditions

All kinds of plant seeds evolve volatile compounds during storage. However, a reliable deterioration forecast method is still not established using volatile evolution, even though some preliminary work indicated a relationship between volatile evolution and seed deterioration (Fielding and Goldsworthy, 1982; Hailstones and Smith, 1989; Zhang et al., 1993). Here we review some of the previous work concerning seed volatiles and present some more recent research on the effects of seed moisture content on deterioration. We found that volatile evolution from seeds was controlled by seed moisture level. Generally, seeds tended to evolve more hexanal and pentanal under extremely dry conditions (below 25% equilibrium RH). The production of hexanal and pentanal decreased with increasing seed moisture level. On the other hand, methanol and ethanol increased with increasing seed moisture. All of the volatile compounds accumulated in the headspace of the seed storage container during storage. Therefore, it should be possible to use different volatiles to indicate the deterioration of seeds stored under different moisture levels. We suggest that hexanal may be used for seed assessing deterioration under dry storage conditions (below 25% equilibrium RH), while ethanol may be used for seeds stored under higher moisture conditions (above 25% equilibrium RH). [References: Fielding, J.L. and Goldsworthy, A. (1982) Seed Sci. Technol. 10: 277–282. Hailstones, M.D. and Smith, M.T. (1989) Seed Sci. Technol. 17: 649–658. Zhang et al. (1993) Seed Sci. Technol. 21:359–373.]

scholarly journals SEED DETERIORATION PATTERN OF FOUR BAMBARA GROUNDNUT LANDRACES (Vigna subterraneasubterranean (L) Verdc) IN OPEN STORAGE SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Happy Suryati Hamami ◽  
Abdul Qadir ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
Bambang Budhianto
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Open Storage ◽  
Rate Of Decline

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) is a potential commodity to be developed in Indonesia, however, the production is done only once a year, therefore, it needs proper seed storage. The aim of this research was to study seed deterioration patterns of four bambara groundnut landraces stored in packages with different permeability in an open storage system for up to 6 months. This experiment was conducted from November 2015 to July 2016 at Seed Technology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB. Stages of experiment as follow: calculation of packaging permeability, seed storage, preparation and fitting data to regression equation.The packaging used in the study is aluminum foil, pp plastic and plastic sacks which have measured its permeability. The result showed that the seed deterioration of four bambara groundnut landraces in three packaging permeability has common sigmoidpattern with equation model: y = a / {1 + exp ((x + b) / c)}. The seed deterioration pattern based on SG and EC variables with the faster rate of decline occurred in Sumedang landrace packed in plastic sack (permeability = 1.4681 g/day m2 mm/Hg), thus having a shorter storability. The slower rate of decline occurred in Gresik landrace packed in aluminum foil (permeability = 0.098 g/day m2 mm/Hg), this means that it has a longer storability.

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