scholarly journals High Drying Temperature Accelerates Sunflower Seed Deterioration by Regulating the Fatty Acid Metabolism, Glycometabolism, and Abscisic Acid/Gibberellin Balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutao Huang ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Huaping Wu ◽  
Tiyuan Zhao ◽  
Pin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Seed Deterioration

Sunflower seed storage is accompanied by the loss of seed vigor. Seed drying is a key link between seed harvest and seed storage; however, to date, the effect of seed drying on sunflower seed deterioration during storage remains unclear. The present study performed hot air drying for sunflower seeds with an initial moisture content of 30% to examine the manner in which drying temperature (35, 40, 45, 50, and 55°C) affects the drying performance and seed vigor following storage process (6 and 12 months). A drying temperature of 40°C was evidently safe for sunflower seeds, whereas the high drying temperatures (HTD, 45, 50, and 55°C) significantly lowered sunflower seed vigor by regulating the fatty acid metabolism, glycometabolism, and abscisic acid (ABA)/gibberellin (GA) balance. HDT significantly increased the seed damage rate and accelerated sunflower seed deterioration during natural and artificial aging process. Further biochemical analysis indicated that HDT significantly increased lipoxygenase and dioxygenase activities, leading to malonaldehyde and reactive oxygen species over-accumulation during storage. During early seed germination, HDT significantly inhibited fatty acid hydrolysis and glycometabolism by decreasing triacylglycerol lipase, CoA-SH oxidase, and invertase activities. Moreover, HDT remarkably increased ABA levels but reduced GA levels by regulating gene expressions and metabolic enzyme activities during early imbibitions. Cumulatively, the seed drying effect on sunflower seed vigor deterioration during the storage process may be strongly related to fatty acid oxidation and hydrolysis metabolism, toxic substance accumulation, and ABA/GA balance.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone H3 Lysine 4 Trimethylation (H3K4me3) and Its Involvement in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Sunflower Developing Seeds

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 706
Author(s):  
Antonio J. Moreno-Pérez ◽  
Raquel Martins-Noguerol ◽  
Cristina DeAndrés-Gil ◽  
Mónica Venegas-Calerón ◽  
Rosario Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Functional Regions ◽  
Genome Wide

Histone modifications are of paramount importance during plant development. Investigating chromatin remodeling in developing oilseeds sheds light on the molecular mechanisms controlling fatty acid metabolism and facilitates the identification of new functional regions in oil crop genomes. The present study characterizes the epigenetic modifications H3K4me3 in relationship with the expression of fatty acid-related genes and transcription factors in developing sunflower seeds. Two master transcriptional regulators identified in this analysis, VIV1 (homologous to Arabidopsis ABI3) and FUS3, cooperate in the regulation of WRINKLED 1, a transcriptional factor regulating glycolysis, and fatty acid synthesis in developing oilseeds.

NEW METHOD FOR THE DISPOSAL OF SPENT BLEACHING CLAYS AT THE OIL-FAT PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.О. Смычагин ◽  
С.К. Мустафаев
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Combined Feed

Для утилизации отработанных отбельных глин (ООГ) масложировой промышленности предложено получение комбинированного кормового продукта (ККП) непосредственно на масложировых предприятиях, при переработке ООГ совместно с отходами очистки семян подсолнечника (ООСП). Обоснованы рецептуры и технологии ККП на разработанной нами ранее производственной линии, включающей обогащение ООСП сепарированием, экструдирование и прессование полученного вторичного масличного сырья. На линии был смонтирован дополнительный узел, обеспечивающий равномерное распределение строго определенного количества ООГ во вторичном масличном сырье из ООСП. Исследовано влияние количества внесенных во вторичное масличное сырье ООГ на процесс отжима масла. Обосновано, что для производства ККП во вторичное масличное сырье необходимо добавлять не более 2 ООГ. Полученный ККП по показателям безопасности соответствует белковолипидному кормовому продукту Подсолнечный (ТУ 914637502067862 2014): массовая доля, , в пересчете на абсолютно сухое вещество сырого протеина составила 27,8 сырой клетчатки 30,6 общей золы 7,6. Установлено незначительное увеличение в ККП массовых долей сырого жира и золы, не растворимой в соляной кислоте 15,8 и 1,4 соответственно. Полученное масло по жирнокислотному составу и показателям качества не отличается от масла из ООСП. For the disposal of spent bleaching clays (SBC), we proposed to obtain a combined feed product from them directly at oil and fat enterprises, processing together with the sunflower seed cleaning waste. The formulation and technology for the production of the combined feed product were developed on a previously tested production line, including the enrichment of waste products for cleaning sunflower seeds by separation, extrusion and pressing of the obtained secondary oilseeds, for which a unit was added to ensure uniform distribution of strictly measured amounts of SBC in it. Conducted by studies on the effect of the amount of waste bleaching clay added to secondary oilseeds from waste products from cleaning sunflower seeds on the oil extraction process, it was substantiated that for the production of a combined feed product, no more than 2 of SBC should be added to secondary oilseeds. The resulting combined feed product in terms of safety corresponds to the Proteinlipid feed product Sunflower, produced under 914637502067862 2014 specification, while the combined feed product is slightly higher than the mass fraction of crude fat and ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid. The obtained oil on fatty acid composition and quality indicators practically does not differ from the oil from sunflower seed cleaning waste.

Dietary supplementation with sunflower seeds and vitamin E for fattening lambs improves the fatty acid profile and oxidative stability of the Longissimus lumborum

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Alves de Almeida ◽  
Américo Garcia da Silva Sobrinho ◽  
Gabriela Milani Manzi ◽  
Natália Ludmila Lins Lima ◽  
Viviane Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with sunflower seeds and vitamin E for fattening lambs, on the chemical composition, cholesterol, vitamin E level, fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation of meat from sheep. Four treatments were evaluated, as follows: SC – basal diet consisting of sugarcane + concentrate; SCS – basal diet supplemented with sunflower seed; SCE – basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg vitamin E; SCSE – basal diet supplemented with sunflower seed and 1000 mg vitamin E. The Longissimus lumborum muscle of 32 Ile de France lambs, which were slaughtered when their bodyweight reached 32 kg, was used. The chemical composition of the lamb meat was not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the treatments. Sunflower seed supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the levels of linoleic acid, vaccenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid. Inclusion of vitamin E in the diet increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of vitamin E in the meat while decreasing lipid oxidation. Considering the current demand for healthy foods, inclusion of sunflower seeds and vitamin E in the diet of sheep is a viable possibility.

Effect of dietary soybean or sunflower seeds on milk production, milk fatty acid profile and yield of conjugated linoleic acid

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Dayani ◽  
G. Ghorbani ◽  
T. Entz ◽  
C. M. Ross ◽  
M. A. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Barley Silage

Eight cows in mid-lactation were used to determine the effects of feeding diets containing soybeans (SBS) or sunflower seed (SFS) on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) yield and concentration in milk during two 3-wk periods. All cows were fed a standard pre-trial diet for 2 wk, before assignment to treatment diets in both periods of the 2 × 2 cross-over design used in the study. The two treatment diets contained on a dry matter (DM) basis: (1) SBS: 20% barley silage, 34.7% barley grain, 30% alfalfa cube, 13% crushed soybean seed and 0.36% sunflower oil, and (2) SFS: 17% barley silage, 34.6% barley grain, 40% sunflower seed incorporated into alfalfa cubes (cubes comprised 18% whole sunflower seed and 82% alfalfa hay), and 6.5% heat-treated soybean meal. The ingredients in the two diets were adjusted so that they would provide similar levels of energy (1.5 MCal kg-1) and have similar nutrient composition with regard to protein (16.7%), ether extract (5.2%) and fibre components (41%). Milk samples were collected, on 2 d prior to initiation of treatment diets and on days 6, 7, 13, 1 4, 20 and 21 of each experimental period. Cholecystokinin and insulin concentrations in blood samples collected at the start and end of each experimental period indicated no significant differences. Dry matter and net energy intake of cows fed the SBS and SFS were 23.3 and 21.4 ± 0.9 kg d-1; 34.4 and 31.6 ± 1.4 Mcal d-1, respectively, and in vitro volatile fatty acid concentration after 24 h of incubation was 123.3 and 114.7 ± 1.3 mM, respectively, and lower (P < 0.05) for the SFS diet. Milk, milk fat, protein and lactose yields from cows fed the SBS and SFS diets were similar (32.9 and 32.0 ± 2.4; 1.10 and 0.97 ± 0.07; 1.05 and 1.00 ± 0.05; 1.46 and 1.39 ± 0.12, respectively), but the CLA cis-9, trans-11 concentrations in the milk from cows fed the SBS and SFS diets were 4.05 and 7.28 mg g-1 of lipid and resulted in 66% higher (P < 0.01) CLA yield (g d-1) in milk for cows fed the SFS diet. This study confirmed that feeding sunflower seeds as a component of a hay cube increased CLA yield in the milk of dairy cows without affecting yields of other milk components. Key words: Dairy cows, sunflower, soybeans, milk production, conjugated linoleic acid

Microfloral infection and quality deterioration of sunflower seeds as affected by temperature and moisture content during storage and the suitability of the seeds for insect or mite infestation

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. G. White ◽  
D. S. Jayas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Ground Seed

Sunflower seed, cultivar Interstate 7111, was stored at 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C and 35, 45, 55, and 75% RH for up to 12 mo. At 75% RH fungal growth was extensive and free fatty acids (FFA) increased rapidly under all temperature regimes. Based on a threefold increase in FFA (1.5%) seed can be stored for 12 mo: at 6% moisture content (MC) and 30 °C; 7% MC and 20 °C; or 8% MC and 10 °C. Seed germination remained above 80% for 12 mo at 10 and 20 °C and 35, 45, and 55% RH; it declined to 70% at 30 °C and 45% RH, but at 55% RH it fell to 30% at 6 mo and 0% at 12 mo. Seed germination decreased rapidly at 40 °C. The incidence of microfloral infection by Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. directly affected increased FFA, decreased germination, and infection was frequent at > 75% RH and different fungal species predominated at different temperatures. Eight species of stored-product beetles and one species of mite were placed on whole sunflower seed, ground seed, shells, or seed meat. Only Oryzaephilus surinamensis, O. mercator, Tribolium castaneum, and T. confusum multiplied appreciably in 2 mo, mainly on ground seed or seed meat. The Oryzaephilus spp. multiplied as much on sunflower seed as on ground wheat controls. Infestation of sunflower seeds by these pests is likely. Key words: Sunflower seed, storage, free fatty acids, germination, fungi, Insecta, Acari

scholarly journals Drying temperature affects rice seed vigor via gibberellin, abscisic acid, and antioxidant enzyme metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 796-810
Author(s):  
Yu-tao Huang ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Wen-xiong Zou ◽  
Hua-ping Wu ◽  
Dong-dong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Enzyme Metabolism

The Influence of Lactate and Dipyridamole on Myocardial Fatty Acid Metabolism in Man, Traced with 123l-17-lodo-heptadecanoic Acid

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Visser ◽  
M. J. van Eenige ◽  
G. Westera ◽  
J. P. Roos ◽  
C. M. B. Duwel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Time Value ◽  
Myocardial Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Coronary Vasodilatation ◽  
Activity Curve ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Plasma Lactate Level

Changes in myocardial metabolism can be detected externally by registration of time-activity curves after administration of radioiodinated fatty acids. In this scintigraphic study the influence of lactate on fatty acid metabolism was investigated in the normal human myocardium, traced with 123l-17-iodoheptadecanoic acid (123l-17-HDA). In patients (paired, n = 7) lactate loading decreased the uptake of 123l-17-HDA significantly from 27 (control: 22-36) to 20 counts/min/pixel (16-31; p <0.05 Wilcoxon). The half-time value increased to more than 60 rriin (n = 5), oxidation decreased from 61 to 42%. Coronary vasodilatation, a well-known side effect of lactate loading, was studied separately in a dipyridamole study (paired, n = 6). Coronary vasodilatation did not influence the parameters of the time-activity curve. These results suggest that changes in plasma lactate level as occurring, among other effects, during exercise will influence the parameters of dynamic 123l-17-HDA scintigraphy of the heart.

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