scholarly journals Chitosan Membrane Containing Copaiba Oil (Copaifera spp.) for Skin Wound Treatment

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sheila Barbosa Paranhos ◽  
Elisângela da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Caio Augusto de Almeida Canelas ◽  
Simone Patrícia Aranha da Paz ◽  
Marcele Fonseca Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Wound ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Fluid Absorption ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Copaiba Oil ◽  
Chitosan Membranes ◽  
First Time

The interaction of copaiba oil in the polymer matrix of chitosan can produce a favorable synergistic effect and potentiate properties. Indeed, the bioactive principles present in copaiba oil have anti-inflammatory and healing action. In the present work, chitosan membranes containing different contents of copaiba oil copaíba (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0% (v/v)) were for the first time investigated. The membranes were developed by the casting method and analyzed for their morphology, degree of intumescence, moisture content, contact angle, Scanning Electron Microscope, and X-ray diffractometry. These chitosan/copaiba oil porous membranes disclosed fluid absorption capacity, hydrophilic surface, and moisture. In addition, the results showed that chitosan membranes with the addition of 1.0% (v/v) of copaiba oil presented oil drops with larger diameters, around 123.78 μm. The highest fluid absorption indexes were observed in chitosan membranes containing 0.1 and 0.5% (v/v) of copaiba oil. In addition, the copaiba oil modified the crystalline structure of chitosan. Such characteristics are expected to favor wound treatment. However, biological studies are necessary for the safe use of chitosan/copaiba oil membrane as a biomaterial.

SINTESIS DAN MODIFIKASI STRUKTUR DAN PORI MEMBRAN KITOSAN TERCROSSLINK UNTUK STERILISASI MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Emma Savitri ◽  
Natalia Suseno ◽  
Tokok Adiarto
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Crosslinking Process ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Chitosan Membranes ◽  
Crosslinked Chitosan

Many mass-transfer applications have used chitosan membrane in separation processes. This research applied crosslinked chitosan membrane to sterillize bacterial growth media. Chitosan membranes having 79 % DD were produced by casting and drying chitosan solution. The images of the membrane were characterized by SEM and other characterizations such as permeability, permselectivity and tensile strength were investigated. The flux increased with longer submersion period but the rejection decreased. Otherwise, the flux decreased and rejection increased in line with an increase in curing temperature. Tensile strength increased with the increase of submersion period and curing temperature. The optimum conditions of crosslinking process are 2 hours of submersion periods and curing temperature at 90 oC.  It gives flux 5.8930 L/jam.m2, rejection 97.47 % and tensile strength 49640 kN/m2

scholarly journals Do ZnO and Al2O3 Nanoparticles Improve the Anti-Bacterial Properties of Cellulose Acetate-Chitosan Membrane?

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 08009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titik Istirokhatun ◽  
Ulva Yuni ◽  
Pertiwi Andarani ◽  
Heru Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Chitosan Membranes

Biofouling, due to the existence of bacteria in water, becomes one of the barriers in cellulose acetate (CA) membrane applications. Although chitosan has been incorporated into CA membranes, its antimicrobial activity has not been improved significantly yet. In this study, cellulose acetate-chitosan membranes were prepared by modification using ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles during phase separation method. The membranes were then characterized in term of water permeability, and surface morphology. The anti-bacteria property was examined by using gram-negative bacteria. Modification of cellulose acetate-chitosan membranes with ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles have not shown optimal results where no clear zones around the membrane are visible.

Preparation of crosslinked chitosan magnetic membrane for cations sorption from aqueous solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2034-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Khan ◽  
Samina Begum ◽  
Nauman Ali ◽  
Sabir Khan ◽  
Sajjad Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution ◽  
Chitosan Membranes ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Time Required

A chitosan magnetic membrane was prepared in order to confer magnetic properties to the membrane, which could be used for the removal of cations from aqueous solution. The crosslinked magnetic membrane was compared with pristine chitosan membrane in term of stability, morphology and cation adsorption capacity. The fabricated magnetic materials are thermally stable as shown by thermogravimetric curves. The membrane containing nickel magnetic particles (CHNiF-G) shows high thermal stability compared to the other membranes. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed successful preparation of chitosan magnetic membrane. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed the rough surface of the membrane with increased porosity. The prepared chitosan membranes were applied to cations of copper, nickel and lead in dilute aqueous solution. The chitosan membrane showed the following adsorption order for metallic cations: Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Pb2+, while CHNiF-G showed higher capacity, 3.51 mmol g−1 for copper, reflecting the improvement in adsorption capacity, since the amount of copper on pristine chitosan gave 1.40 mmol g−1. The time required for adsorption to reach to the equilibrium was 6 h for the selected cations using different chitosan membranes. The kinetic study showed that adsorption followed pseudo-second order kinetics. The most commonly used isotherm models, Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin, were applied to experimental data using linear regression technique. However, The Temkin model fits better to experimental data.

scholarly journals Human plasma dynamically quenches the fluorescein at the initial point of oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) assay

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshi Gunawardena ◽  
Renuka Silva ◽  
Pathmasiri Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Fluorescence Probe ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Dynamic Quenching ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Objective Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay measures the quenching of fluorescent probe by peroxyl radicals. Antioxidants present in biological systems block the quenching of fluorescence probe. We experienced the dynamic quenching of fluorescein, the fluorescence probe used in ORAC assay by the human plasma while plasma ORAC assay was optimized. Therefore, for the first time, we report the quenching of fluorescein by human plasma at the initial point of ORAC assay. Results Aqueous whole and non-protein fractions of plasma were used in the analysis. Since the both fractions showed a similar pattern of quenching at the initial stage, quenched percentage of fluorescein was calculated and added to each sample in subsequent analysis. Addition of extra 20% fluorescein allowed plasma samples to quench the required amount of fluorescein and follow the normal decay curves afterwards. Further, change of fluorescein quenching (ΔF/F0) disclosed a dose dependent linear relationship with plasma (R2 = 0.8). It can be speculated that dynamic quenching exhibited by human plasma biomolecule/s at the initial stage would be of non-protein aqueous phase molecule/s. We suggest initiating further studies to detect, identify and quantify the fluorescein quenching biomolecules present in human plasma for further improvements in plasma ORAC assay.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bioactivity of Methanolic Extracts from Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Schiede ex Standl., Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Cirsium mexicanum DC., Eryngium carlinae F. Delaroche, and Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Used in Traditional Medicine in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Peter Knauth ◽  
Gustavo J. Acevedo-Hernández ◽  
M. Eduardo Cano ◽  
Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí ◽  
Zaira López
Keyword(s):  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
First Time

Seven out of eight methanolic extracts from five plants native to Mexico were inactive against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The fruit extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides inhibited the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 4375 μg/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 1094 μg/ml), and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC = 137 μg/ml). The fruit extract of C. ambrosioides was with CC50 = 45 μg/ml most cytotoxic against the cell-line Caco-2, followed by the leaf extract from Pithecellobium dulce (CC50 = 126 μg/ml); interestingly, leaves of C. ambrosioides (CC50 = 563 μg/ml) and bark of P. dulce (CC50 = 347 μg/ml) extracts were much less cytotoxic. We describe for the first time the cytotoxic effect from extracts of the aerial parts and the flowers of Cirsium mexicanum (CC50 = 323 μg/ml and CC50 = 250 μg/ml, resp.). Phytochemical analysis demonstrated for both extracts high tannin and saponin and low flavonoid content, while terpenoids were found in the flowers. For the first time we report a cytotoxicological study on an extract of Eryngium carlinae (CC50 = 356 μg/ml) and likewise the bark extract from Amphipterygium adstringens (CC50 = 342 μg/ml). In conclusion the fruit extract of C. ambrosioides is a potential candidate for further biological studies.

FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF CHITOSAN MEMBRANES FOR GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA WEI CHEN ◽  
SHYH MING KUO ◽  
SHWU JEN CHANG ◽  
TANG CHING KUAN
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Chitosan Matrix ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Chitosan Membranes ◽  
Crosslinking Agents ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

Chitosan membranes were prepared by a thermal induced phase separation method, following treatment with nontoxic NaOH gelating and Na5P3O10, Na5SO3 crosslinking agents. Effects of these reaction agents on chitosan membranes were evaluated to survey the feasibility of using these membranes in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) application. The preliminary results showed chitosan membranes crosslinked with Na5P3O10 and Na2SO3 had gel content of 53.5% and 52.2%r, respectively. Contrarily, the chitosan matrix gelated with NaOH dissolved completely during gel content measurement. Chitosan membrane treated with Na5P3O10 had lowest elastic modulus of 12.9 Mpa as compared with other membranes treated with Na2SO3 (17.9Mpa) and NaOH(23.6Mpa). From SEM observations, NaOH gelated chitosan membrane had the smoothest surface morphology than others. However, Na5P3O10 crosslinked chitosan membrane had better cell adhesion and proliferation results in cell culture test. All three chitosan membranes degraded by about 23%∼28% of initial weight after a 90-day in vitro shaking test.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-assisted extraction of Psyllium mucilage: evaluation of functional and technological properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Gabriela Sena Souza ◽  
Rita de Cassia Bergamasco ◽  
Ana Paula Stafussa ◽  
Grasiele Scaramal Madrona
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Time

 The objective of this work was to optimize the extraction of psyllium mucilage and to evaluate its functional and technological properties, aiming for the first time the use in ice cream. A factorial design was carried out to test different extraction conditions. Were evaluated the water solubility (WS) and oil absorption capacity. Mucilage (gel and dried) was applied in ice cream, and submitted to overrun, melting, color and sensory analysis. Time and temperature were significant parameters, being the best conditions at 60ºC for 2 hours. Samples presented WS between 200 and 1400 g/kg, increasing proportionally to temperature. Ice cream with gel presented higher value and started the melting process faster than the mucilage one. There was a significant difference between samples in flavor, color and texture, and the purchase intention of most tasters indicated "maybe would buy", and both ice cream (with gel and with mucilage) presented hight acceptance index. Psyllium presented good technological properties, that are very desirable in food products. It was possible to find the best condition for psyllium mucilage extraction and an ice cream application obtaining a product with good acceptance (82%).

scholarly journals Human plasma dynamically quenches the fluorescein at the initial point of Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity (ORAC) Assay

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshi Prasadini Gunawardena ◽  
Renuka Silva ◽  
Pathmasiri Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Fluorescence Probe ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Dynamic Quenching ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Objective: Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay measures the quenching of fluorescent probe by peroxyl radicals. Antioxidants present in biological systems block the quenching of fluorescence probe. We experienced the dynamic quenching of fluorescein, the fluorescence probe used in ORAC assay by human plasma while the plasma ORAC assay was optimized. Therefore, for the first time, we report the quenching of fluorescein by human plasma at the initial point of ORAC assay. Results: Aqueous whole and non-protein fractions of plasma were used in the analysis. Since both fractions showed a similar pattern of quenching at the initial stage, quenched percentage of fluorescein was calculated and added to each sample in subsequent analysis. Addition of extra 20% fluorescein allowed plasma samples to quench the required amount of fluorescein and follow the normal decay curves afterwards. Further, change of fluorescein quenching (ΔF/F0) disclosed a dose dependent linear relationship with plasma (R2=0.8). Conclusion: It can be speculated that dynamic quenching exhibited by human plasma biomolecule/s at the initial stage would be of non-protein aqueous phase molecule/s. We suggest initiating further studies to detect, identify and quantify the fluorescein quenching biomolecules present in human plasma for further improvements in plasma ORAC assay.

Influence of Some Environmental Factors on Plasma and Urinary 17-Hydroxycorticosteroid Levels in the Rhesus Monkey

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Mason ◽  
C. Theresa Harwood ◽  
Nathan R. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cortical System ◽  
First Time

Observations in the rhesus monkey are described suggesting a close relationship between emotional responses to environmental factors and pituitary-adrenal cortical activity, as judged by plasma and urinary 17-OH-CS levels. Substantial elevations of plasma 17-OH-CS levels occurred in a group of normal monkeys following their first experience with a handling and venipuncture procedure. This effect did not occur in subsequent experiments of the same type. Animals placed in a chair restraining apparatus for the first time showed a moderate rise in urinary and plasma 17-OH-CS levels during the first few days but thereafter stabilized at low levels for at least 3 weeks. It is concluded that the chair technique is, therefore, suitable for studies of ACTH regulation and perhaps many types of biological studies. Urinary 17-OH-CS levels were approximately 30% lower on weekends than weekdays in monkeys kept in a laboratory room, presumably reflecting the influence of the animal's interaction with the everyday environment on the pituitary-adrenal cortical system.

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