scholarly journals Functional Ingredients and Food Preservative in Immature Persimmon “Tekka-Kaki”

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1989
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Sawabe ◽  
Natsumi Ohnishi ◽  
Sachiko Yoshioka ◽  
Kunihiro Kusudo ◽  
Kenichi Kanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Polymeric Form ◽  
Food Preservative ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Unused Resource ◽  
Active Substances

Immature persimmons are unripe fruits that are cut off during the persimmon cultivation process and immediately discarded, amounting to an annual fruit loss of approximately 100 to 400 kg per 1000 m2. The purpose of this study was to make effective use of unused resources, namely, immature persimmons, and attempt to use them as food additives. In this study, we studied the Tone Wase (fully astringent persimmon) and Fuyu (fully sweet persimmon) cultivars. As a result, we performed a component analysis of the immature persimmons, isolating 12 compounds, of which two were newly identified. Differences in the components and their contents were found between cultivars and between the peel and flesh. To effectively use immature persimmons as food for the elderly, we searched for active substances that inhibit AGE formation and found that extracts of immature persimmons and isolated compounds showed high activity. In particular, high activity was observed for catechin and its polymeric form, procyanidin. Regarding the inhibition of aroma deterioration, 5 mg/L of gallic acid in octadecane was found to be the optimal condition for the inhibition of citral deterioration. As for antimicrobial activity, we found that extracts at a concentration of 500 mg/L had no antimicrobial effect. Based on these findings, we made a microencapsulation process, and plan to advance to the clinical trial study in future. These findings confirmed the effectiveness of immature persimmons, which are an unused resource, and reveal their potential as a food for the elderly and as a food additive in other food products, which we hope will lead to new industrial innovations.

scholarly journals Ácido Sórbico e Câncer Gastrointestinal: uma Revisão Integrativa

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 640-644
Author(s):  
Renata Carmo de Assis ◽  
Thalyta Vasconcelos Pacheco ◽  
Ana Carolina Marinho Ferreira ◽  
Tayane Carneiro Cruz ◽  
Ana Bárbara Muniz Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Food Preservative ◽  
Tract Cancer

A industrialização de alimentos resultou em um novo modelo alimentar altamente processado. O consumo de alimentos industrializados, aumenta a ingestão de aditivos alimentares, que possuem a função de preservação das características do alimento bem como melhorias nas propriedades sensoriais. Entretanto alguns estudos demonstram que se adicionados em quantidade elevadas para consumo podem levar a toxicidade. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi revisar dados publicados que relacionam o uso do aditivo químico sorbato de potássio como conservante alimentar com o desenvolvimento de câncer gastrointestinal. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa seguindo seis etapas distintas (1. Elaboração da pergunta norteadora; 2. Busca ou amostragem na literatura; 3. Coleta de dados; 4. Análise crítica dos estudos incluídos; 5. Discussão dos resultados e 6. Apresentação da revisão integrativa). Foi realizada entre os meses de março e abril de 2019 nas bases de dados: Periódicos CAPES, Pubmed, Biblioteca virtual Unicamp e Science Direct. Os descritores principais utilizados foram: “Potassium sorbate” e “Sorbic acid”, combinados com os descritores, “gastrointestinal neoplasia”, “Cancer of gastrointestinal tract” e “Neoplasia”. Após leitura dos títulos e resumos, foram incluídos oito artigos e, após leitura destes, permaneceram seis artigos. Diante dos artigos encontrados é possível afirmar que o ácido sórbico e o sorbato de potássio tem baixa relação com o desenvolvimento de câncer gastrointestinal.   Palavras-chave: Aditivos Alimentares. Ácido Sórbico. Neoplasias Gastrointestinais   Abstract Food industrialization has resulted in a new highly processed food model. The consumption of industrialized food increases the  food additives intake, which have the function of preserving the food characteristics as well as improving sensory properties. However, some studies show that if added in high amounts for consumption they can lead to toxicity. Thus, the objective of the study was to review published data that relate the use of the chemical additive potassium sorbate as a food preservative with the development of gastrointestinal cancer. It is an integrative review following six distinct steps (1. Preparation of the guiding question; 2. Searching or sampling in the literature; 3. Data collection; 4. Critical analysis of the studies included; 5. Discussion of the results and 6. Presentation of the integrative review). It was held between March and April 2019 in the databases: CAPES Periodicals, Pubmed, Virtual Library Unicamp and Science Direct. The main descriptors used were: "Potassium sorbate" and "Sorbic acid", combined with the descriptors "gastrointestinal neoplasia", " Gastrointestinal tract cancer" and "Neoplasia". After reading the titles and abstracts, eight articles were included and, after reading them, six articles remained. It is possible to affirm that sorbic acid and potassium sorbate have a low relation with the development of gastrointestinal cancer.    Keywords: Food Additives. Sorbic Acid. Gastrointestinal Neoplasms.

scholarly journals Відходи вирощування представників роду ехінацея (Echinacea Moench) як перспективне джерело біологічно активних речовин

2013 ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
С. В. Шершова
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Echinacea Pallida ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

Проведено експериментальне обґрунтування біо-конверсії відходів вирощування (полови) ехінацеїпурпурової (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.) таехінацеї блідої (Echinacea pallida (Nutt) Nutt.).Доведена висока активність екстрактів полови зехінацеї пурпурової, що проявлялася у стимуляціїросту тест-культури. Встановлено, що найвищустимулюючу активність мають екстракти поло-ви ехінацеї пурпурової: водні за концентрації0,01 %, спиртові – 0,01–0,001 %; до того ж іззбільшенням концентрації спирту в екстрактахзнижувалась їх активність. Вперше встановлено,що полова ехінацеї містить специфічні білки –лектини, активність яких у відходах ехінацеї блі-дої значно перевищувала ехінацею пурпурову. Роз-роблено технологічні схеми отримання лектинівта екстрактів біологічно активних речовин із від-ходів вирощування (полови) для їх ефективноговикористовування. The experimental foundation bioconversion of waste product of growing (chaff), purple coneflower(Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.) and pale coneflower (Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.) was to carriedout. The high activity of extracts of coneflower chaff, which had growth-stimulating effect to the testculture, was proved. Found that the highest stimulating activity has the extract of chaff purpleconeflowers: aqueous solution at concentrations of 0.01 %, alcohol-0.01 %-0.001 % and with increasingconcentration of alcohol in the extracts decreased their activity. For the first time it has been shown thatchaff of Echinacea contains specific proteins - lectins, and their activity in the waste product of paleconeflower significantly exceeded then activity in the waste product of purple coneflower. Technologicalschemes to get of lectins and extracts of biologically active substances from waste growing product(chaff), was worked out for their effective use.

scholarly journals Flowers of Campanula species as a source of biologically active substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00033
Author(s):  
Tatiana Fomina ◽  
Tatiana Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

The content of the major groups of biologically active substances in flowers of 7 Campanula species, cultivated in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, were investigated for the first time. Freshly collected flowers were found to contain 0.06-0.15 % of catechins, 0.31-3.17 % of flavonols, 3.31-6.47 % of tannins, 3.10-15.57 % of pectic substances, and 0.66-16.4 mg% of carotenoids calculated per absolute dre weight of raw material. The amount of ascorbic acid was 36.9-114.0 mg% per wet weight. The data indicate that Campanula flowers are promising for the production of phenolic compounds, the development of food additives and fresh consumptions a seasoning.

scholarly journals Essential Oils as a Feed Additives: Pharmacokinetics and Potential Toxicity in Monogastric Animals

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Horky ◽  
Sylvie Skalickova ◽  
Kristyna Smerkova ◽  
Jiri Skladanka
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Active Substances

Essential oils (EOs) are now a hot topic in finding modern substitutes for antibiotics. Many studies have shown positive results and confirmed their high antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. Deservedly, there is an attempt to use EOs as a substitute for antibiotics, which are currently limited by legislation in animal breeding. Given the potential of EOs, studies on their fate in the body need to be summarized. The content of EO’s active substances varies depending on growing conditions and consequently on processing and storage. Their content also changes dynamically during the passage through the gastrointestinal tract and their effective concentration can be noticeably diluted at their place of action (small intestine and colon). Based on the solubility of the individual EO’s active substances, they are eliminated from the body at different rates. Despite a strong antimicrobial effect, some oils can be toxic to the body and cause damage to the liver, kidneys, or gastrointestinal tissues. Reproductive toxicity has been reported for Origanum vulgare and Mentha arvensis. Several publications also address the effect on the genome. It has been observed that EOs can show both genoprotective effects (Syzygium aromaticum) and genotoxicity, as is the case of Cinnamomum camphor. This review shows that although oils are mainly studied as promising antimicrobials, it is also important to assess animal safety.

scholarly journals Exposure Assessment of methyl mercury from consumption of fish and seafood in Peninsular Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Izzah Ahmad ◽  
Wan Rozita Wan Mahiyuddin ◽  
Wan Nurul Farah Wan Azmi ◽  
Ruzanaz Syafira Ruzman Azlee ◽  
Rafiza Shaharudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Weekly Intake

AbstractThe concentration of meHg in freshwater fish and seafood was investigated, as well as the consumption patterns of fish and seafood by different demographic groups (age, ethnicity, gender). A potential alarm for human health hazards was also assessed, and the results were compared to the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) and the hazard quotient parameter (HQ). The results showed that meHg levels of 67 species ranged from 0.013 to 0.252 mg/kg of wet weight (WW) with significant differences between different fish and seafood groups (χ2KW = 49.09; p < 0.001). Median concentrations of meHg in fish and seafood groups in descending orders are as follows: demersal fish (0.1006 mg/kg WW) > pelagic fish (0.0686 mg/kg WW) > freshwater fish 0.045 mg/kg WW) > cephalopods (0.0405 mg/kg WW) crustaceans (0.0356 mg/kg WW). The results revealed that older population (> 40 years old) consumed significantly (p = 0.000) more fish compared to younger generations and the elderly consumed the highest amounts of fish (104.0 ± 113.0 g/day). The adolescents (10–17 years old) consumed more than double of amount for both cephalopod and crustacean compared to the older populations (p < 0.05). Malay ethnic (96.1 ± 99.6 g/day) consumed significantly (p = 0.000) higher amounts of fish and seafood compared to other ethnicities, similar to male subjects (95.2 ± 102 g/day; p = 0.026) when compared to the female (86 ± 96.3 g/day). The estimated weekly intake (EWI) values showed results below 1.6 µg/kg BW/week, the tolerable levels recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) for all different demographic factors except for higher consumers at 75th percentile and above. Consumption of marine fish contributed to a higher value of PTWI to all different demographic groups (the estimated weekly intake (EWI) range: 0.2988–0.6893 µg/kg BW/week) but for the adolescents, where from the consumption of crustaceans (0.3488 µg/kg BW/week or 21.8% of PTWI) and cephalopods (0.504 µg/kg BW/week or 31.5% of PTWI). The results from this study also revealed the HQ value for overall consumption of fish and seafood by the adolescents and elderly exceeded one. This was contributed from the consumption of demersal fish and cephalopods, thus indicating the nonacceptable level of noncarcinogenic adverse health effects.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF SOUR-MILK HEALTHY BEVERAGES WITH THE USE OF NATURAL HERBAL NANOADDITIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pavlyuk ◽  
V. Pogarskaya ◽  
K. Balaba ◽  
T. Kravchuk ◽  
A. Pogarskiy
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Active Substances

Technologies of healthfull products - bioyogurts with unique characteristics have been developed. The new products are characterized by a high content of naturally occurring biologically active substances - phytocomponents of fruits and vegetables (carrots, lemons with zest, apples, Jerusalem artichoke), in particular, β-carotene, phenolic compounds, tannins, ascorbic acid, ie substances having antioxidants. Besides, they have a high content of prebiotic substances - soluble pectic substances, cellulose, inulin and proteins. Recent biogurts play the role of natural thickeners and structure-forming agents. This makes it possible to eliminate the need for the use in the production of bio yoghurt food additives and synthetic additives. Technologies for making bio yoghurts are based on the use of nanosized cryo-additives from nanosize with the record content of biologically active substances (BAS), whose mass fraction in cryo-additives is 2.5 - 5.0 times greater than the original fresh cheese. Obtaining the latter is based on the complex action on the raw materials of cryogenic "shock" freezing with the use of liquid and gaseous nitrogen and cryodestruction with fine grinding. When making bioyoghurts, cryoadditives act as natural enrichment agents, structure-forming agents, texture stabilizers and dyes. In addition, phytoextracts from natural spices and medicinal herbs (echinacea, coriander, burkun, oregano) are included in the formulations for the enrichment of the BAS and for longer shelf life of new bio yoghurts. Whey was used as the basis for the production of bio yoghurts. New types of bio yoghurts in terms of the content of BAS exceed the known analogues and have 2 times longer shelf life (than control samples). Technological modes of production of bioyoghurts on bench semi-industrial equipment have been worked out. New yoghurts are recommended for introduction into production at large food enterprises, in establishments of restaurant business, for individual food.

Use of QSARs to Promote More Cost-Effective Use of Chemical Monitoring Resources. 2. Screening Chemicals for Hydrolysis Half-Lives, Henry's Law Constants, Ultimate Biodegradation Potential, Modes of Toxic Action and Bioavailability

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Walker ◽  
Nadezhda Dimitrova ◽  
Sabcho Dimitrov ◽  
Ovanes Mekenyan ◽  
Dan Plewak
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Toxic Action ◽  
Henry's Law ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Henry’S Law ◽  
Henry’S Law Constants ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Henry's Law Constants

Abstract To promote more cost-effective use of chemical monitoring resources, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) are proposed as methods to identify chemicals that could be found in, and cause adverse effects to, organisms in water, sediment and soil from the Great Lakes basin. QSARs were used to evaluate the hydrolysis half-lives, Henry's Law constants, ultimate biodegradation potential in water, modes of toxic action and bioavailability of 47 industrial chemicals and pesticides, 20 direct food additives, 13 indirect food additives and 7 pharmaceuticals that were previously predicted to partition to sediment and to have bioconcentration or aquatic toxicity potential or potential to not biodegrade readily in sediment (Walker et al. 2004). Using these QSARs will promote more cost-effective use of chemical monitoring resources by allowing researchers to focus their analytical techniques on measuring chemicals that are not likely to hydrolyze, volatilize or biodegrade rapidly to carbon dioxide, but are likely to have specific modes of toxic action and be bioavailable.

Use of QSARs to Promote More Cost-Effective Use of Chemical Monitoring Resources. 1. Screening Industrial Chemicals and Pesticides, Direct Food Additives, Indirect Food Additives and Pharmaceuticals for Biodegradation, Bioconcentration and Aquatic Toxicity Potential

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Walker ◽  
David Knaebel ◽  
Kelly Mayo ◽  
Jay Tunkel ◽  
D. Anthony Gray
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Great Lakes Basin ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
Effective Use

Abstract Monitoring studies are expensive to conduct. To promote more cost-effective use of chemical monitoring resources, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) are proposed as methods to identify chemicals that could be found in, and cause adverse effects to, organisms in water, sediment and soil from the Great Lakes basin. QSARs were used to predict the biodegradation, bioconcentration and aquatic toxicity potential of 2697 industrial chemicals and pesticides, 1146 direct food additives, 967 indirect food additives and 282 pharmaceuticals that could be released to the Great Lakes basin. The QSARs identified 47 industrial chemicals and pesticides, 20 direct food additives, 13 indirect food additives and 7 pharmaceuticals with bioconcentration or aquatic toxicity potential or potential to not biodegrade readily. Most of these chemicals were predicted to partition to sediments. Using QSARs to identify chemicals with potential to persist, bioconcentrate or partition to sediments will promote more cost-effective use of chemical monitoring resources by allowing researchers to focus their analytical techniques on measuring chemicals predicted to persist in water or soil, bioconcentrate in fish or partition to sediments so that the effects of these chemicals can be assessed on indigenous organisms.

THERAPEUTIC AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES AIMED AT IMPROVING THE ADAPTATION OF TISSUES PROSTHETIC BED TO REMOVABLE DENTURES

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Наталия Александровна Полушкина ◽  
Наталия Владимировна Чиркова ◽  
Жанна Владимировна Вечеркина ◽  
Татьяна Анатольевна Гордеева ◽  
Дарья Андреевна Елфимова
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Orthopedic Treatment ◽  
Residual Monomer ◽  
Positive Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Traumatic Lesions ◽  
Active Substances

Анализ литературы показал, что делались попытки совмещения лечебного и профилактического эффектов при ортопедическом лечении съемными протезами. Клиницисты рекомендовали применение Холисал - геля при травматических поражениях слизистой оболочки под съемными пластиночными протезами. Данный препарат обеспечивал обезболивание и ускорение эпителизации эрозивно-язвенных элементов на слизистой оболочке рта, а положительный лечебный эффект наблюдался у 75% пациентов. В изученной литературе имеются сведения об использовании в стоматологии лекарственных средств растительного происхождения, которые не оказывают на организм человека побочных действий и не вызывают аллергических реакций. Также для полоскания полости рта рекомендовали применять настойки и ароматический эликсир листьев лекарственного шалфея в качестве вяжущего, дезинфицирующего и противовоспалительного средства. Проведенные исследования указывали на то, что шалфей оказывает антимикробное действие по отношению к стафилококкам, стрептококкам и Candidaalbicans. Экспериментально разработана и апробирована в клинике методика изготовления съемной конструкции зубного протеза с введением в базисную пластмассу антимикробного препарата «Скареол» на основе вытяжки из шалфея, что позволило придать протезу не только антимикробное свойство, но и значительно уменьшить уровень миграции остаточного мономера. Из анализа литературы выяснено, что в профилактике осложнений со стороны тканей протезного ложа перспективным направлением является применение адгезивных биорастворимых лекарственных пленок. Было отмечено, что они не только нетоксичны и инертны для организма, но и пролонгируют действие биологически активных веществ, входящих в их состав An analysis of the literature showed that attempts were made to combine the therapeutic and prophylactic effects in orthopedic treatment with removable dentures. Clinicians recommended the use of Holisal - gel for traumatic lesions of the mucous membrane under removable laminar dentures. This drug provided analgesia and accelerated epithelialization of erosive-ulcer elements on the oral mucosa, and a positive therapeutic effect was observed in 75% of patients. In the studied literature there is information about the use in dentistry of herbal medicines that do not have side effects and do not cause allergic reactions. Also, for rinsing the oral cavity, it was recommended to use tinctures and aromatic elixir of leaves of medicinal sage as an astringent, disinfectant and anti-inflammatory agent. Studies have shown that sage has an antimicrobial effect against staphylococci, streptococci and Candida albicans. The methodology for the manufacture of a removable construction of a denture was experimentally developed and tested in the clinic, with the introduction of the Skareol antimicrobial preparation on the basis of sage extract into the base plastic, which made it possible to give the prosthesis not only an antimicrobial property, but also significantly reduce the level of migration of residual monomer. From the analysis of the literature it was found that in the prevention of complications from the tissues of the prosthetic bed, a promising direction is the use of adhesive bio-soluble medicinal films. It was noted that they are not only non-toxic and inert to the body, but also prolong the action of biologically active substances that make up their composition

The Effect of the Aqueous Suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris on Functional Systems in Healthy People

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Plakida ◽  
Olga Yushkovskaya ◽  
Alyona Filonenko ◽  
Sergey Gushcha
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction: There is a growing interest in biologically active food additives based on natural, environmentally friendly components. One of the most promising products in this area are biological additives created using the green freshwater alga Chlorella. Due to the high content of biologically active substances in it, the possibility of its use in preventive and therapeutic purposes was being considered. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the effect of the course of taking an aqueous suspension of a living culture of chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris) on the organism of healthy people. Material and Methods: The study involved 30 clinically healthy people, aged 17 to 66 years, 10 men and 20 women. The subjects took an aqueous suspension of live chlorella of Chlorella vulgaris strain IGF No. C-111 at a concentration of 19-34 million cells/ml, in an amount of 500 ml per day. The course of administration was 28 days. Before and after completion of the course, the following studies were carried out: anthropometry, a study of body composition, a study of physical performance (PWC170 test), a general blood test, and a biochemical blood test. Results: At the end of the course of administration, the vast majority of the subjects noted improvement in well-being. An increase in the hemodynamic efficiency of physical activity was recorded as well as increasing the immune properties of blood. No changes in lipid metabolism were observed.

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