scholarly journals Examination of Local Plan Changes from a Value Capture Perspective: Istanbul Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Numan Kılınc ◽  
Sevkiye Sence Turk
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Value Capture ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
A Value ◽  
Plan Change ◽  
Capture Capacity

Local governments have an increasing tendency to capture the value increase occurring as a result of partial interventions into local plans. The basic acceptance behind this is that value definitely will increase as a result of partial interventions. However, all partial interventions always cannot lead to an increase in value. There can be also partial interventions in which the value does not change or even decreases. The aim of this study is to identify the value capture capacity of local plan changes as partial interventions, and to discuss this capacity in terms of the balance between betterment and compensation. Istanbul, which is one of the cities where the effects of neo-liberal policies are most intense and where local plan changes are common, was chosen as the study area. In the first stage of the study, the spatial distributions of 17,369 plan changes approved by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Council between 2009–2018 were examined. In the second stage, the value capture capacities of the plan changes grouped by subject, were determined by interviewing 46 people working in different areas of the planning discipline. The findings of the study demonstrate that although the plan changes are spread throughout the metropolitan area, they are concentrated in the central and secondary central districts where the accessibility value is high. The interviewees emphasized that the plan changes made as a result of private-sector demand and the plan change for the improvement of the infrastructure increase the value of the land and that the plan changes within this scope have value capture capacities. On the other hand, according to the findings of the study, some plan changes reduce the value of the land because of restricting the property rights on the land. Plan changes in this group are needed to be compensated fairly and equitably. Thus, the balance between betterment and compensation would be achieved.

Effect of Catfish Bone Paste on the Properties of Steamed Bread

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 757-760
Author(s):  
Xiao Qing Ren ◽  
Li Zhen Ma ◽  
Xin Yi He
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
A Value ◽  
Crumb Structure ◽  
Steamed Bread ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Structure Properties

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different levels of catfish bone paste to flour on the physicochemical, textural and crumb structure properties of steamed bread. Six different levels (0, 1, 3, 5, 7,10 %) of catfish bone paste to flour were used in the formulation of the steamed bread. The results showed that the weight loss and TTA of steamed bread decreased with an increase in the levels of the catfish bone paste. On the other hand, the pH increased with an increase in the levels of the catfish bone paste. The specific volume, hardness, chewiness and gas cell structure in the crumb of steamed bread with catfish bone paste at 5% supplementation level were better. Thus, a value of 5% catfish bone paste was considered a better level for incorporation into the steamed bread.

Foreign Aid and its Role in Maintaining the Exploitation of the Agricultural Sector: Evidence from a Case Study in Africa

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Schuftan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sizable Proportion ◽  
Using Data ◽  
State Of Affairs

Today most foreign aid donors are genuinely committed to the idea that development in Third World countries should start with rural development. Therefore, a sizable proportion of their development funds are invested in rural projects. However, donors channel these funds through local governments (most often representing local bourgeois interests) that are not as committed to the principle of rural development. These governments are often also embarked in policies that are actually—directly or indirectly—expropriating the surpluses generated by agriculture and investing them in the other sectors of the economy. The peasants are therefore footing most of the bill of overall national development. This paper contends that, because of this state of affairs, foreign aid directed toward rural development is actually filling the investment gap left by an internal system of unequal returns to production in agriculture. In so doing, foreign aid is indirectly financing the development of the other sectors of the economy, even if this result is unintended. This perpetrates maldevelopment without redressing the basic exploitation process of peasants which lies at the core of underdevelopment. Evidence to support this hypothesis is presented using data from a primarily agricultural exporting country: the United Republic of Cameroon.

Trends in Public–Private Pay Parity in State and Local Governments

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory B. Lewis ◽  
Rahul Pathak ◽  
Chester S. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Labor Economics ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Census Data ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Total Compensation ◽  
Economics Model ◽  
State And Local

Have state and local governments (SLGs) achieved pay parity with the private sector? The answer depends on how one defines parity. Using a standard labor economics model on U.S. Census data from 1990 to 2014, we find different patterns if we focus on pay, on pay plus benefits, or on total compensation within an occupation. All approaches indicate that pay is higher in local than in state governments and that Blacks, Hispanics, and employees without college diplomas earn higher pay in SLGs than in the private sector. In contrast, Whites, Asians, and college graduates are less likely to enjoy higher pay working in SLGs than in the private sector. Unsurprisingly, states with more liberal and Democratic legislatures pay public employees better, relative to workers in the private sector.

Effects of Light on Schooling and Feeding of Jack Mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Motion Picture ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Angular Deviation ◽  
Jack Mackerel ◽  
A Value

Schools of six jack mackerel each were photographed with infrared film at eight levels of luminance and also in darkness. Three indices were used to measure the behavior of the school from motion pictures. Two of the indices, mean distance to nearest neighbor and mean separation distance, were measures of the distances between individuals in a school; the other, mean angular deviation, was a measure of differences in orientation between individuals. A value for each index was calculated for each motion picture frame.From 12.1 to 6 × 10−6 ft-L no differences existed in the angular deviation of the school or in the distances between fish. At 6 × 10−7 ft-L the intervals between fish were much larger than at higher levels of brightness and groups showed little uniformity in their orientation. Below 6 × 10−7 ft-L (darkness) schools were dispersed and the distributions of values of angular deviation were random.The ability of jack mackerel to feed on live adult Artemia was also tested at eight levels of luminance and in darkness. The number of Artemia eaten at 6 × 10−5 ft-L was about half of that eaten at the normal daytime level of 12.1 ft-L. Few Artemia were eaten at 6 × 10−7 ft-L and none in darkness.Comparison of these data with measurements of light in the sea indicated that jack mackerel probably would be able to maintain schools near the surface on a moonless starlit night and that they probably could feed effectively near the surface on a full moonlight night.

scholarly journals Change detection and building spatial geodatabase for Iraqi marshes

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 03021
Author(s):  
Oday Jasim ◽  
Noor Hamed ◽  
Tamarra Abdulgabar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
The Other ◽  
Image Mosaic ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Three Stages

The Iraqi Marshlands has natural and economic potential through its environment rich in various forms of lives. This region has suffered numerous setbacks due to human and natural factors, especially in the last two decades of the last century, which led to significant environmental degradation. The purpose of this paper is to prepare spatial data for the area of the marshes in Iraq as a base (Hour-al Hoveizah and central marshes and Hammar). Also, the other aim is to produce a digital geodatabase for the marshes for the years 1973, 1986, 1999, 2006 and 2016 by using ArcGIS. The process of building geodatabase has been through done in three stages: the first stage is including data collection. The second stage will be by merging the satellite images covering the Iraqi marshes and add to images in order to get the image mosaic process. Also, a georeferencing of satellite images is to be done with all the traditional maps of the same area of the marsh. Finally, complete the full geodatabase for the area of interest by using ArcGIS as the in Cartography Design. The results of this research would be a geodatabase for the Iraqi marshes.

scholarly journals Lipid composition of the brains of she-goat and castrated goat consumed in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
EI Adeyeye ◽  
AJ Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
The Other ◽  
A Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Goat Brain

The levels of fatty acids, phospholipids and sterols were determined in the brains of she-goat and castrated goat found in Ekiti State, Nigeria by gas chromatography. Results showed that the crude fat levels were 9.98 and 10.2 % in the brains of she-goat and castrated goat respectively. The fatty acid composition of she-goat and castrated goat brain shows that the SFA was 40.6 and 42.7 %, MUFA was 37.1 and 38.7 % and PUFA was 20.9 and 22.3% respectively. The other parameters of she-goat and castrated goat brain were found: PUFA/SFA, 0.490 and 0.548; MUFA/SFA, 0.869 and 0.953; n-6/n-3, 0.775 and 11.7; LA/ALA, 0.876 and 28.0; AA/DGLA, 6.05 and 17.4; EPA/DHA, 1.00 and 5.89 and EPSI (PUFA/MUFA), 0.564 and 0.575 respectively. Phospholipids were present in she-goat and castrated goat with a value range of 2365 and 3047 mg/100g respectively. Among the sterols, only cholesterol was of any significant level with values of 1353 mg/100g (she-goat brain) and 1355 mg/100g (castrated goat brain). Linear correlation at ? = 0.05, df: n-1 showed that no significant difference exists between the crude fats, phospholipids and sterols except in the fatty acids parameters.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(2), 153-162, 2015

scholarly journals Handüzü Yaylasının Botanik Kompozisyonu Üzerine Bir Çalışma

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Bakoğlu ◽  
Hüseyin Baykal ◽  
Muhammed İkbal Çatal
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Nardus Stricta ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Vegetation Characteristics ◽  
Composition Ratios

In this study, which was carried out in 2018, some vegetation characteristics of Handüzü plateau which was connected to Güneysu district of Rize province was determined by using Lup method. Canopy cover and botanical composition ratios and pasture status class were investigated in the study. As a result of the study, 4 grasses, 4 legume and 33 other family plants were identified. The rate canopy covering of the research area was 82.40%, the rate of grasses in the botanical composition was 33.37%, the rate of the legumes was 5.75% and the ratio of the other families was 60.88%. The first three species, the most common found in pasture, respectively; Nardus stricta L. (27.00%), Carex atrata L. subsp. aterrima (Hoppe) Hartm. (11.10%) and Polygala alpestris Rchb. (8.50%). Pasture status was determined as weak with a value of 2.456% degree of pasture quality. It was concluded that especially controlled grazing and top-seeding, were applied together other methods of breeding.

scholarly journals Harga Diri dan Konformitas dengan Perilaku Bullying Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Retindha Ayu Ceilindri ◽  
Meita Santi Budiani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
A Value ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Bullying Behavior

The purpose of this research is to find out: (1) The correlation between self esteem and bullying behavior, (2) The correlation between conformity and bullying behavior, (3) The correlation between self esteem and conformity towards bullying behavior. The subjects of this research were 86 students on VIII grade of SMP Barunawati Surabaya, who are selected using population sampling technique. Data were collected using likert scales of self esteem, conformity, and bullying behavior. Data analysis technique of this research using multiple linier regression analysis. Results of this research are: (1) self esteem has a significant correlation towards bullying behavior with a negative correlation, can be seen from the significance value 0,000 and regression coefficientt -0,526, (2) conformity has a significance correlation towards bullying behavior with a positive  correlation that is shown from the significance value 0,003 and regression coefficientt 0,321, (3) Rsquare value 0,301 means that 30,1% variations on bullying behavior is influenced of self esteem and conformity, the other variable that has a value of 69,9% is caused of other variable that is not measured in this research. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan: (1) Hubungan antara harga diri dengan perilaku bullying, (2) Hubungan antara konformitas dengan perilaku bullying, (3) Hubungan antara harga diri dan konformitas dengan perilaku bullying. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Subjek pada penelitian ini ialah 86 siswa kelas VIII SMP Barunawati Surabaya yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik sampel populasi. Data skala harga diri, skala konformitas dan skala perilaku bullying diperoleh menggunakan skala likert. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah uji analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) harga diri memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku bullying dengan arah hubungan yang negatif, dapat dilihat dari signifikansi sebesar 0,000 dan koefisien regresi -0,526. (2) konformitas memiliki hubungan yang signifiksn dengan perilaku bullying dengan arah hubungan  positif yang dapat dilihat dari signifikansi sebesar 0,003 dan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,321. (3) nilai Rsquare sebesar 0,301 artinya sebesar 30,1% variasi pada perilaku bullying dipengaruhi oleh harga diri dan konformitas, sisanya sebesar 69,9% disebabkan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diukur dalam penelitian ini.

scholarly journals Influence of the ozone therapy on neuropsychological manifestations of patients of the perimenopausal age with the discircular encephalopathy

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1(2)) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Karatcheva ◽  
V. A. Guriyeva ◽  
G. I. Shumakher
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Ozone Therapy ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Therapy Treatment

In the sanatorium setting a research was conducted. It dealt with the effectiveness of the ozone therapy among the patients of perimenopausal age who have the discircular encephalopathy of the first and the second stage. Two groups were singled out against the scope of the therapy. The basic group included 50 patients, who beside the multimodality sanatorium therapy of the discircular encephalopathy got 1 course of the ozone treatment and phyto oestrogen Klimadinon. The other group, consisting of 42 patients, in comparison to the first had only the multimodality sanatorium therapy. The higher effectiveness of ozone therapy treatment among the patient in the basic group was proved according to all criteria.

scholarly journals Comparative Health Analysis of the National Bank, Joint Venture Banks and Foreign Banks in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dudi Rudianto
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
A Value ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
National Bank

The Risk-Based Bank Rating approach (RBBR) is used to determine the health of banks in Indonesia, both for national banks, joint venture banks and foreign banks. This approach uses five (5) proxies, i.e. Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interesr Margin (NIM), and the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The overall result of the 5 (five) variables studied show that national banks are healthier than the other two types of banks, namely venture banks and foreign banks, because the national bank has a value beyond the provisions of Bank Indonesia. The partial variable LDR consistently varies significantly between national banks, joint venture banks and foreign banks. The LDR of joint venture banks and foreign banks is higher than the national bank. These conditions indicate that the bargaining position of joint venture banks and foreign banks in serving the needs of public borrowing is much higher than the national bank, which results in increasing the ability of both types of banks in generating profit. Simultaneously throughout the study variables was significantly different among the national banks, joint venture banks and foreign banks..  

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