Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis (literature review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
S. V. Bulgakova ◽  
A. V. Melikova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Large Body ◽  
World Population ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a disease of great medical and social significance for the world population. At the same time, the underlying pathogenesis of this pathology is not fully understood. A large body of research suggests that endocrine changes associated with postmenopause can lead to disruption of redox homeostasis and oxidative stress that affects bone metabolism. This literature review analyzes the relationship between hypoestrogenemia, oxidative stress and postmenopausal osteoporosis, as well as methods for the prevention and treatment of these conditions.

scholarly journals Hydrostatic Pressure Regulates Oxidative Stress through microRNA in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3653
Author(s):  
Sara Cheleschi ◽  
Marcella Barbarino ◽  
Ines Gallo ◽  
Sara Tenti ◽  
Maria Bottaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hydrostatic pressure (HP) modulates chondrocytes metabolism, however, its ability to regulate oxidative stress and microRNAs (miRNA) has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-34a, miR-146a, and miR-181a as possible mediators of HP effects on oxidative stress in human osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were exposed to cyclic low HP (1–5 MPa) and continuous static HP (10 MPa) for 3~h. Metalloproteinases (MMPs), disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS)-5, type II collagen (Col2a1), miR-34a, miR-146a, miR-181a, antioxidant enzymes, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction qRT-PCR, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species ROS production by cytometry, and β-catenin by immunofluorescence. The relationship among HP, the studied miRNA, and oxidative stress was assessed by transfection with miRNA specific inhibitors. Low cyclical HP significantly reduced apoptosis, the gene expression of MMP-13, ADAMTS5, miRNA, the production of superoxide anion, and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes. Conversely, an increased Col2a1 and BCL2 genes was observed. β-catenin protein expression was reduced in cells exposed to HP 1–5 MPa. Opposite results were obtained following continuous static HP application. Finally, miRNA silencing enhanced low HP and suppressed continuous HP-induced effects. Our data suggest miRNA as one of the mechanisms by which HP regulates chondrocyte metabolism and oxidative stress, via Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

scholarly journals New Insights in the Pathogenesis of HPV Infection and the Associated Carcinogenic Processes: The Role of Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Roxana Georgescu ◽  
Cristina Iulia Mitran ◽  
Madalina Irina Mitran ◽  
Constantin Caruntu ◽  
Maria Isabela Sarbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small double-stranded DNA virus with tropism for epithelial cells. To this date, over 150 genotypes are known and are classified into two major groups, low-risk and high-risk strains, depending on the ability of the virus to induce malignant transformation. The host’s immunity plays a central role in the course of the infection; therefore, it may not be clinically manifest or may produce various benign or malignant lesions. The pathogenic mechanisms are complex and incompletely elucidated. Recent research suggests the role of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the pathogenesis of HPV infection and the associated carcinogenic processes. Chronic inflammation induces OS, which in turn promotes the perpetuation of the inflammatory process resulting in the release of numerous molecules which cause cell damage. Reactive oxygen species exert a harmful effect on proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Viral oncogenes E5, E6, and E7 are involved in the development of chronic inflammation through various mechanisms. In addition, HPV may interfere with redox homeostasis of host cells, inducing OS which may be involved in the persistence of the infection and play a certain role in viral integration and promotion of carcinogenesis. Knowledge regarding the interplay between chronic inflammation and OS in the pathogenesis of HPV infection and HPV-induced carcinogenesis has important consequences on the development of new therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals NUPR1: A Critical Regulator of the Antioxidant System

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3670
Author(s):  
Can Huang ◽  
Patricia Santofimia-Castaño ◽  
Juan Iovanna
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a small intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) activated in response to various types of cellular stress, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and directly impact redox homeostasis and oxidative stress. Ferroptosis is a ROS-dependent programmed cell death driven by an iron-mediated redox reaction. Substantial evidence supports a maintenance role of the stress-inducible protein NUPR1 on cancer cell metabolism that confers chemotherapeutic resistance by upregulating mitochondrial function-associated genes and various antioxidant genes in cancer cells. NUPR1, identified as an antagonist of ferroptosis, plays an important role in redox reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism behind the observed impact of NUPR1 on mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, iron metabolism, and the antioxidant system. The therapeutic potential of genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NUPR1 in cancer is also discussed. Understanding the role of NUPR1 in the antioxidant system and the mechanisms behind its regulation of ferroptosis may promote the development of more efficacious strategies for cancer therapy.

A Review on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative stress due to Complex-Ⅰ in Parkinson Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
V Nuthan Kumar Babu ◽  
Navneet Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
World Population ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transplantation Therapy

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the common physical movement disorder, and it is 2nd most progressive widespread neurodegenerative disorder all over the world, and it is reported that and essential 10 million, over 0.3 % of the total world population. A thoughtful reduction of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) in the striatum is the main cause of these motor symptoms, collectively known as parkinsonism. Mitochondria serves as most important organelle in most of the cells and are essential for life and it is also called as heart for all cellular metabolisms. The main and most important role of mitochondria is generation of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. In this study will study about how complex Ⅰ deficiency effects the mitochondrial and oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species which cause mitochondrial dysfunction and we also study emerging therapies for Parkinson disease with the help of coenzyme Q10 and some genes like FUN-14, FUNDC-1 and dimethyl fumarate or BG-12 in some phases of clinical trials and also by cell transplantation therapy and in future this study helps in finding how this sporadic Parkinson disease occurs in parkinsonism.

scholarly journals “Cumulative Stress”: The Effects of Maternal and Neonatal Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Stress-Inducible Genes on Programming of Atopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Manti ◽  
Lucia Marseglia ◽  
Gabriella D’Angelo ◽  
Caterina Cuppari ◽  
Erika Cusumano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Cumulative Stress ◽  
Inducible Genes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epigenetic Pattern

Although extensive epidemiological and laboratory studies have been performed to identify the environmental and immunological causes of atopy, genetic predisposition seems to be the biggest risk factor for allergic diseases. The onset of atopic diseases may be the result of heritable changes of gene expression, without any alteration in DNA sequences occurring in response to early environmental stimuli. Findings suggest that the establishment of a peculiar epigenetic pattern may also be generated by oxidative stress (OS) and perpetuated by the activation of OS-related genes. Analyzing the role of maternal and neonatal oxidative stress and oxidative stress-inducible genes, the purpose of this review was to summarize what is known about the relationship between maternal and neonatal OS-related genes and the development of atopic diseases.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Bipolar Mood Disorder: An Important Yet Ambiguous Relationship

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rahsepar ◽  
Amirhooshang Mohammadpour
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Bipolar Mood Disorder ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Stress Oxidative ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychological condition that disturbs many patients' lives around the world. The exact pathophysiology of bipolar disorder is yet unknown, but there are several hypotheses to explain this condition. One of the most challenging theories is the role of oxidative stress in the progression of bipolar disorder. Here, we conducted a narrative review to gather the studies that investigated the relationship between bipolar disorder and oxidative stress. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, and google scholar databases using the following keywords: “bipolar disorder,” “oxidative stress,” “oxidative markers,” and “bipolar patients.”     A majority of studies showed that oxidative markers such as Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances are significantly higher in bipolar patients compared to healthy subjects. Based on the included articles, bipolar disorder is associated with oxidative stress. Nevertheless, further well-established Cohorts are required to support these results.

scholarly journals The Role of Exosomal microRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Yunxiang Zhou ◽  
Qiannan Gao ◽  
Dongnan Ping ◽  
Yali Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Physiological Pathways ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are aging-associated diseases with irreversible damage of brain tissue. Oxidative stress is commonly detected in neurodegenerative diseases and related to neuronal injury and pathological progress. Exosome, one of the extracellular vesicles, is demonstrated to carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and build up a cell-cell communication in neurons. Recent research has found that exosomal miRNAs regulate the activity of multiple physiological pathways, including the oxidative stress response, in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the role of exosomal miRNAs and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Firstly, we explore the relationship between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Secondly, we introduce the characteristics of exosomes and roles of exosome-related miRNAs. Thirdly, we summarized the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Fourthly, we discuss the potential of exosomes to be a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we summarize the advantages of exosome-based delivery and present situation of research on exosome-based delivery of therapeutic miRNA. Our work is aimed at probing and reinforcing the recognition of the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases and providing the basis for novel strategies of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Functional Role of p53 in the Regulation of Chemical-Induced Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Liu ◽  
Lihong Fan ◽  
Chengrong Lu ◽  
Shutao Yin ◽  
Hongbo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
P53 Activation ◽  
Transcription Factor P53 ◽  
The Relationship

The nuclear transcription factor p53, discovered in 1979, has a broad range of biological functions, primarily the regulation of apoptosis, the cell cycle, and DNA repair. In addition to these canonical functions, a growing body of evidence suggests that p53 plays an important role in regulating intracellular redox homeostasis through transcriptional and nontranscriptional mechanisms. Oxidative stress induction and p53 activation are common responses to chemical exposure and are suggested to play critical roles in chemical-induced toxicity. The activation of p53 can exert either prooxidant or antioxidant activity, depending on the context. In this review, we discuss the functional role of p53 in regulating chemical-induced oxidative stress, summarize the potential signaling pathways involved in p53’s regulation of chemically mediated oxidative stress, and propose issues that should be addressed in future studies to improve understanding of the relationship between p53 and chemical-induced oxidative stress.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Palmoplantar Warts

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Iulia Mitran ◽  
Ilinca Nicolae ◽  
Mircea Tampa ◽  
Madalina Irina Mitran ◽  
Constantin Caruntu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammation Parameters

Background and objectives: Warts are the most common lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Recent research suggests that oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of HPV-related lesions. It has been shown that the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) may act as a protective factor against the deleterious effects of inflammation and oxidative stress, two interconnected processes. However, in HPV infection, the role of sRAGE, constitutively expressed in the skin, has not been investigated in previous studies. Materials and Methods: In order to analyze the role of sRAGE in warts, we investigated the link between sRAGE and the inflammatory response on one hand, and the relationship between sRAGE and the total oxidant/antioxidant status (TOS/TAS) on the other hand, in both patients with palmoplantar warts (n = 24) and healthy subjects as controls (n = 28). Results: Compared to the control group, our results showed that patients with warts had lower levels of sRAGE (1036.50 ± 207.60 pg/mL vs. 1215.32 ± 266.12 pg/mL, p < 0.05), higher serum levels of TOS (3.17 ± 0.27 vs. 2.93 ± 0.22 µmol H2O2 Eq/L, p < 0.01), lower serum levels of TAS (1.85 ± 0.12 vs. 2.03 ± 0.14 µmol Trolox Eq/L, p < 0.01) and minor variations of the inflammation parameters (high sensitivity-CRP, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Moreover, in patients with warts, sRAGE positively correlated with TAS (r = 0.43, p < 0.05), negatively correlated with TOS (r = −0.90, p < 0.01), and there was no significant correlation with inflammation parameters. There were no significant differences regarding the studied parameters between groups when we stratified the patients according to the number of the lesions and disease duration. Conclusions: Our results suggest that sRAGE acts as a negative regulator of oxidative stress and could represent a mediator involved in the development of warts. However, we consider that the level of sRAGE cannot be used as a biomarker for the severity of warts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that sRAGE could be involved in HPV pathogenesis and represent a marker of oxidative stress in patients with warts.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

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